Operating Systems Process States Quiz

False (B)

A database server process often needs to wait for both disk I/O and network requests. Allowing it to wait on both events at once can improve efficiency and responsiveness.

<p>small, dedicated</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased Complexity = More privilege levels require more OS management overhead. Higher Context Switching Overhead = More modes mean more state tracking and transitions. Not Always Necessary = Many OS tasks function efficiently with just Kernel and User modes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modern systems handle a large number of interrupt types dynamically. Fixed locations would be insufficient, leading to conflicts and data corruption. Additionally, the OS cannot dynamically allocate memory for new interrupt types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased performance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New = A process that has been created by the operating system but has not yet been allocated resources. Ready = A process that is waiting for CPU time and is ready to be executed. Running = A process that is currently executing on the CPU. Blocked = A process that is waiting for an event, such as I/O completion. Ready/Suspend = A process that is in the 'Ready' state but is currently swapped out to secondary storage. Blocked/Suspend = A process that is in the 'Blocked' state but is currently swapped out to secondary storage. Exit = A process that has terminated and is no longer in the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ready → Blocked (A), Blocked/Suspend → Running (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exit</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This transition often occurs due to preemption by the scheduler. The scheduler may decide to interrupt the currently running process and allocate CPU time to another process that is considered to have higher priority or needs more resources. This ensures fair distribution of resources and prevents any single process from monopolizing the CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ready/Suspend queue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hybrid policy prioritizes higher priority processes first but only swaps a 'Ready/Suspend' process into memory if its priority is significantly higher (by a predefined threshold) than the highest priority process in the 'Ready' queue. This approach aims to minimize unnecessary swapping while ensuring that high-priority processes get executed promptly, improving system responsiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The OS successfully creates a process, transitioning it to a state where it can be scheduled.

The process is scheduled and dispatched to the CPU for execution.

The process waits for an I/O operation to complete, moving to a blocked state.

The event the process was waiting for occurs, allowing it to return to the ready state.

Valid transitions a process can make between states based on the OS rules.

Transitions that cannot occur due to state rules in process management.

The OS moves the suspended process back into memory due to memory availability.

A policy that prioritizes higher-priority processes but limits excessive swapping of Ready/Suspend processes.

Four modes enhance security, privilege granularity, OS efficiency, and performance.

Increased complexity, higher context switching overhead, and potential redundancy for many tasks.

Distinct privilege levels reduce system vulnerabilities by limiting access based on needs.

Allows processes to wait on multiple events, improving responsiveness in systems like database servers.

Practical for small systems with few interrupts, but limited in scalability and flexibility.

In UNIX, non-preemptive kernel mode causes missed deadlines for real-time tasks.

The overhead involved in transitioning between different privilege levels or modes can be significant with more modes.

Certain systems like real-time or high-security might benefit from additional privilege levels for specific tasks.