Operating Systems Concepts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of an operating system?

  • Execute user programs
  • Manage computer hardware
  • Provide a user interface
  • All of the above (correct)
  • The Internet is considered a component of a computer system.

    False

    What does the bootstrap program do during startup?

    Loads the operating system kernel

    A key feature of solid-state disks is __________.

    <p>Higher speed than hard disks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a cache in storage management?

    <p>Temporary, faster access to frequently used data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Multiprogramming = Organizing jobs in a way that maximizes CPU utilization Multitasking = Running multiple tasks concurrently with user interactivity Mainframe = A powerful computer system that supports multiple users Cache = A temporary storage area for faster data access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following systems uses resource sharing among multiple users?

    <p>Mainframe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Windows is an open-source operating system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of direct memory access (DMA)?

    <p>Reduce CPU load during data transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A distributed computing environment refers to a network of interconnected systems.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure does the OS use for efficient interrupt handling?

    <p>Vectored interrupt system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a storage hierarchy, the fastest level is ______.

    <p>Registers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cloud computing model delivers applications over the internet?

    <p>Software as a Service (SaaS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main challenge in cache management is cache speed.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following technologies with their primary functions:

    <p>DMA = Reduces CPU load during data transfer TCP/IP = Protocols for internet communication VMM = Provides virtualization services Bitmap = Uses a string of binary digits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of symmetric multiprocessing?

    <p>Increased reliability and throughput</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must user processes synchronize in shared memory communication?

    <p>Access to the shared memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A context switch can occur between two threads in the same process.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a process that has terminated but whose parent has not called wait()?

    <p>zombie process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A process that is waiting for CPU allocation changes its state to _______.

    <p>ready</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature in Chrome’s multiprocess architecture enhances security?

    <p>Browser sandboxing for rendering processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blocking sends are considered asynchronous.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Message passing in IPC requires _______ to send and receive messages.

    <p>communication links</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental unit of CPU utilization?

    <p>A fundamental unit of CPU utilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Windows Threads implement a Many-to-Many model.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key feature of thread libraries like Pthreads?

    <p>They manage threading APIs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An example of a language supporting implicit threading is ___.

    <p>OpenMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which threading issue involves the pthread_cancel method?

    <p>Thread cancellation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following threading terms with their definitions:

    <p>Thread-local storage = Stores thread-specific data Thread pools = Manages a collection of reusable threads Amdahl's Law = Measures speedup in multicore systems Global Interpreter Lock = Limits true multithreading in Python</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Java method is used to start a thread?

    <p>start()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Global Interpreter Lock in Python allows multiple threads to execute simultaneously.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Amdahl's Law imply about multithreading performance?

    <p>The serial portion limits speedup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pthreads are specific to Windows operating systems.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A thread can be canceled immediately in the __________ cancellation model.

    <p>asynchronous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option describes the creation of a thread with shared address space?

    <p>Creates a thread with shared address space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Many-to-Many threading model maps multiple user threads to multiple kernel threads.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What directive is used in OpenMP to parallelize a for loop?

    <p>#pragma omp parallel for</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Python, the GIL limits the use of threads to __________ code execution.

    <p>non-Python</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the thread types with their descriptions:

    <p>User thread = A thread managed by the user-level library Kernel thread = A thread managed by the operating system kernel Lightweight process = A virtual processor used in multithreaded applications Thread pool = A collection of pre-initialized threads for reuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Grand Central Dispatch handle tasks?

    <p>It assigns blocks to queues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thread creation is considered heavier than process creation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the deferred cancellation model have on thread cancellation?

    <p>Waits for a safe cancellation point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Operating Systems Concepts

    • Operating systems act as intermediaries between users and hardware
    • The kernel is the core program continuously running on a computer
    • Cache memory is faster than secondary storage
    • Asymmetric multiprocessing evenly distributes tasks across processors
    • Virtualization allows running multiple operating systems on one hardware system
    • Device controllers manage hardware without operating system involvement
    • Multiprogramming allows multiple jobs to reside in memory
    • Mobile computing environments often rely on Wi-Fi
    • Distributed computing systems consist of interconnected systems
    • Cloud computing extends virtualization

    Basic (10 questions)

    • The primary function of an operating system is to manage computer hardware and provide a user interface
    • A computer system comprises hardware, operating system, and users
    • The bootstrap program loads the operating system kernel during startup
    • Solid-state disks are faster than hard disks
    • The mode bit differentiates between user mode and kernel mode in an operating system
    • A cache is temporary, fast storage for frequently used data
    • Standalone computers do not share resources among multiple users
    • Embedded systems are designed for specific purposes and do not share resources

    Intermediate (7 questions)

    • Direct Memory Access (DMA) reduces CPU load during data transfers
    • Distributed computing environments heavily depend on TCP/IP protocols
    • Operating systems use a structure for efficient interrupt handling
    • A string of binary digits is a critical component in the kernel data structure (e.g., bitmap)
    • A distributed computing environment is a network of connected systems
    • The primary function of resource allocation is to provide CPU and memory resources to programs
    • Layered approaches in operating systems provide abstraction

    Advanced (3 questions)

    • The main challenge in cache management is the replacement policy
    • Cloud computing applications delivered via the internet are Software as a Service (SaaS)
    • Virtual Machines Managers (VMMs) provide virtualization services

    True/False (10 questions)

    • Operating systems act as intermediaries between the user and hardware
    • The kernel is the only program constantly running in a computer
    • Cache memory is slower than secondary storage
    • Asymmetric multiprocessing evenly distributes tasks across processors
    • Virtualization allows multiple operating systems on one machine
    • Device controllers directly manage hardware without the operating system's intervention
    • Multiprogramming allows multiple jobs in memory at once
    • Mobile computing relies on Wi-Fi
    • Distributed computing uses homogenous systems
    • Cloud computing is an extension of virtualization

    Fill in the Blanks (10 questions)

    • Bootstrap programs are stored in ROM/EPROM.
    • The basic unit of data in storage is a bit
    • Operating systems are interrupt-driven
    • Operating systems manage device I/O
    • In a computer system, distributed computing allows multiple systems to work together
    • A program in execution is a process.
    • The fastest storage level is the registers
    • A virtual machine monitor (VMM) can virtualize hardware
    • The most common network protocol is TCP/IP
    • The bootstrap loader initializes the operating system

    Ch2 Basic (10 questions)

    • System calls allow user programs to interact with hardware
    • Operating systems provide services like resource allocation, file management, and security
    • The Command Line Interface (CLI) is a common user interface
    • System calls manage processes and files
    • The fundamental OS service for users is resource allocation
    • System calls help in file management, including creation and deletion
    • OS structures using layered approaches include UNIX

    Ch2 Intermediate (7 questions)

    • Parameter passing in system calls uses different methods.
    • Resource allocation in operating systems is essential
    • Layered OS structures interface between the hardware and software
    • A key operating system design principle separates policy and mechanism
    • Parameter passing can employ different methods
    • Efficient interrupt handling relies on OS structures
    • Distributed computing utilizes network protocols and communication

    Ch2 Advanced (3 questions)

    • A fundamental challenge in cache management is the replacement policy
    • SaaS (software as a service) is a cloud-based model
    • VMMs (virtual machine monitors) provide virtualization

    Ch3 Basic (10 questions)

    • A process is a program in execution
    • Processes exist in different states, including running, waiting, and ready
    • Processes are a crucial concept in operating systems
    • The process is a program being executed by the computer
    • The operating system manages different states of process execution, such as waiting and running state
    • The process is a program in execution in an operating system
    • Processes are handled through various states in an operating system
    • A process, essentially, is a program in active execution
    • Process state management is integral to operating system functionality
    • A state change of process is often triggered by a specific OS event

    Ch3 Intermediate (7 questions)

    • Processes can exist in various states (ready, running, waiting)
    • A context switch involves switching between processes (or between the kernel and a user program)
    • The process control block (PCB) contains important state information about a process
    • Systems use queues to manage processes, including ready and device queues
    • A critical aspect of processes is the use of system calls and process management by the operating system
    • When a process has no other CPU scheduling event that it is aware of it makes its request known
    • Memory allocation and scheduling for processes are integral operating system functions

    Ch3 Advanced (3 questions)

    • Communication techniques (sockets, shared memory, message passing) differ in their efficiency and costs
    • Producer-consumer model and concurrency are key concepts in operating systems that help in managing and coordinating processes
    • The producer-consumer model and concurrency are vital in managing and coordinating processes

    Ch4 Basic (10 questions)

    • A thread is a fundamental unit of CPU utilization in a computer system
    • Threads share resources within a process
    • Pthreads are a standard API for threads
    • Amdahl's law explains speedup limitations in multicore systems
    • One-to-one threading models map one user thread to one kernel thread
    • A key aspect of thread-local storage is that each thread can have its own data

    Other General Questions

    • Modern operating systems rely on hybrid and microkernel models
    • Command line interfaces (CLIs) allow users to interact with systems via commands
    • Consistent computing and error detection are OS services
    • Bootstrapping is crucial for loading the OS kernel in memory

    True/False (10 questions)

    • A program becomes a process when loaded to memory
    • A terminated program must always return resources
    • An OS context switch occurs between threads of the same process (False)
    • Short-term scheduling determines which process gets CPU time.
    • Indirect communication requires explicit process names
    • Blocking send operations are asynchronous communication methods
    • Pipes are commonly used for inter-process communication in parent-child processes.
    • Android's multitasking limits background processes
    • Shared memory is more efficient than message passing for large data transfers
    • A zombie process can be stopped by its parent process

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    Description

    Test your understanding of key operating systems concepts through this quiz. Covering topics such as the roles of the kernel, virtualization, and cache memory, this quiz is perfect for students exploring computer science. Prepare to dive into the mechanisms that enable computing systems to function smoothly.

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