Operating Systems Chapter 5: Process Synchronization

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Questions and Answers

What are the three conditions that need to be satisfied to solve the critical section problem?

Deadlock, starvation, and priority inversion
Mutual exclusion, progress, and bounded waiting (correct)
Critical section, entry section, and exit section
Concurrency, synchronization, and race condition

What is the purpose of the 'turn' variable in Peterson's solution?

To signal the completion of a critical section
To determine whose turn it is to enter the critical section (correct)
To indicate which process is currently in the critical section
To keep track of the number of processes waiting to enter the critical section

What type of synchronization primitive are semaphores?

Integer variables.

What is the difference between a counting semaphore and a binary semaphore?

A counting semaphore allows multiple processes to wait, while a binary semaphore only allows one process to wait. (C)

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What is a race condition?

A race condition occurs when multiple processes access and manipulate shared data concurrently, and the final value depends on the order in which the processes finish accessing the data.

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The 'wait(S)' operation should only be executed when the value of the semaphore S is greater than 0.

False (B)

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Deadlock is a situation where two processes are stuck waiting for each other indefinitely.

True (A)

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Which of these is NOT a classical problem of process synchronization?

Producer-Consumer Problem (B)

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What is the main purpose of the mutex semaphore in the Bounded-Buffer Problem?

To ensure mutual exclusion when accessing the shared buffer, preventing conflicts between the producer and consumer processes.

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In the Readers-Writers Problem, what is the purpose of the 'read_count' variable?

The 'read_count' variable keeps track of how many readers are currently accessing the shared data.

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What is the main challenge in the Dining-Philosophers Problem?

Avoiding deadlock situations where philosophers are stuck waiting for chopsticks. (D)

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Flashcards

Race Condition

A situation where multiple processes access and modify shared data concurrently, resulting in the final value of the data depending on which process finishes last.

Critical Section

A segment of code within a process where shared data is accessed or modified. Only one process should be allowed to execute its critical section at a time.

Critical Section Problem

The problem of ensuring that only one process can execute its critical section at a time, preventing data inconsistency when multiple processes share data.

Mutual Exclusion

A requirement for a critical section solution. If a process is already executing its critical section, then no other process can enter its own critical section.