Operating Systems Chapter 2 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary responsibility of an operating system?

  • Accessing I/O devices
  • Developing computer software
  • Managing computer resources (correct)
  • Executing programs on the processor

    • Which key interface defines how an application's code should interact with the operating system?

  • Application Binary Interface (ABI)
  • Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
  • Application Programming Interface (API) (correct)
  • Controlled access to files

    • In the context of early computers with no operating system, how did programmers interact with the computer hardware?

  • Directly with display lights and toggle switches (correct)
  • Through a graphical user interface
  • Using voice commands
  • Via a command-line interface

    • What was the main issue faced by users of early computers due to serial processing?

    <p>Users had to wait in series to access the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage in the evolution of operating systems introduced the concept of allowing multiple users to access the system simultaneously?

    <p>Time Sharing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the evolution of major operating systems over time?

    <p>Hardware upgrades, new services, and fixes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three components contained in a process?

    <p>Executable program, data needed by the program, execution context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the execution context in a process?

    <p>To supervise and control the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many principal storage management responsibilities does the OS have?

    <p>Five</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which responsibility involves allowing programs to address memory from a logical point of view?

    <p>Process isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect can be enhanced in an operating system by expanding the process context?

    <p>Support for new features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of the contents of process registers in the execution context?

    <p>Indicating the priority of the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does virtual memory allow processes to be comprised of?

    <p>Fixed-size blocks called pages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of operating systems, what are some key issues that must be addressed?

    <p>Availability, confidentiality, authenticity, data integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of the Microkernel architecture in operating systems?

    <p>Assigning kernel only a few essential functions to the address spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary responsibility of an Operating System in terms of resource management?

    <p>Implementing resource allocation policies for performance optimization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a virtual address reference a word within a program?

    <p>Through a page number and an offset within the page</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the Symmetric multiprocessing approach in operating systems?

    <p>Allowing all processors equal access to memory and I/O devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of early batch systems?

    <p>To maximize processor utilization by batching jobs together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the monitor in a batch system?

    <p>It controls the sequence of events and manages job execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Job Control Language (JCL)?

    <p>To provide instructions to the monitor on how to execute jobs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the statement "control is passed to a job"?

    <p>The processor is executing instructions from the user program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of memory protection in a batch system?

    <p>To prevent user programs from altering the monitor's memory area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the timer in a batch system?

    <p>To prevent a single job from monopolizing the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using a multiprogrammed batch system?

    <p>It allows for more efficient utilization of the processor during I/O operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between user mode and kernel mode?

    <p>User mode restricts access to certain areas of memory and instructions, while kernel mode does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the overhead associated with a simple batch system?

    <p>It requires both additional memory for the monitor and processor time for executing the monitor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a multiprogrammed batch system, what is the primary reason for switching between user programs?

    <p>To improve processor utilization by executing a different program while one program is waiting for I/O.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the concept of having multiple programs in memory and switching between them?

    <p>Both multiprogramming and multitasking are used to describe this concept.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the purpose of interrupts in an operating system?

    <p>Interrupts provide the operating system with more flexibility in controlling user programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Operating System Overview

    • An operating system (OS) is responsible for managing a computer's resources, including program development, program execution, access to I/O devices, controlled access to files, system access, error detection and response, and accounting.
    • An OS is a program or suite of programs executed by the processor, frequently relinquishing control and depending on the processor to regain control.

    Key Interfaces

    • Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
    • Application Binary Interface (ABI)
    • Application Programming Interface (API)

    Evolution of Operating Systems

    • OS evolves over time due to hardware upgrades, new types of hardware, new services, and fixes.
    • Stages of evolution include:
      • Time Sharing
      • Multiprogrammed Systems
      • Batch Systems

    Batch Systems

    • Early computers had no OS; programmers interacted directly with hardware.
    • Users accessed computers in series, scheduling was a major problem.
    • Simple Batch Systems used a monitor to control the sequence of events.

    Process Management

    • A process contains three components:
      • Executable program
      • Associated data
      • Execution context (or "process state")
    • The execution context is essential, including the contents of process registers, priority, and I/O events.

    Virtual Memory

    • A facility that allows programs to address memory logically, without regard to physical memory available.
    • Conceived to meet the requirement of having multiple user jobs reside in main memory concurrently.
    • Virtual memory consists of a page number and an offset within the page.

    Security

    • Main issues: availability, confidentiality, authenticity, and data integrity.
    • Controlling access to computer systems and stored information is a major concern.

    Scheduling and Resource Management

    • Key OS responsibility is managing resources, considering efficiency, fairness, and differential responsiveness.

    Different Architectural Approaches

    • Microkernel architecture: assigns only essential functions to the kernel, simplifying implementation and providing flexibility.
    • Multithreading
    • Symmetric multiprocessing

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Program development, Program execution, Access I/O devices, Controlled access to files, System access, Error detection and response, Accounting, and Key Interfaces like ISA, ABI, and API.

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