Podcast
Questions and Answers
Under what circumstances is it permissible to temporarily seize a resource from its current owner and reassign it to another process?
Under what circumstances is it permissible to temporarily seize a resource from its current owner and reassign it to another process?
- Only if the resource is non-preemptable.
- Only if the resource is preemptable. (correct)
- Never, resources cannot be taken away.
- Always, as long as the operating system has control.
Which of the following is a software interrupt generated either by the system or programmatically, often in response to a specific action or condition?
Which of the following is a software interrupt generated either by the system or programmatically, often in response to a specific action or condition?
- System call
- Clock interrupt
- Hardware interrupt
- Signal (correct)
What is the primary responsibility of a page fault handler within an operating system?
What is the primary responsibility of a page fault handler within an operating system?
- To exclusively manage segmented memory allocation.
- To determine the optimal time for printing a page.
- To handle errors during page writing operations.
- To manage the process of retrieving a page from secondary storage when it is not found in main memory. (correct)
What term describes the set of addresses a process uses to access storage on a disk?
What term describes the set of addresses a process uses to access storage on a disk?
Which condition ensures that resources previously allocated to a process cannot be forcibly taken away and must be explicitly released by the process itself?
Which condition ensures that resources previously allocated to a process cannot be forcibly taken away and must be explicitly released by the process itself?
What is the default action taken by an operating system when it receives a SIGINT signal?
What is the default action taken by an operating system when it receives a SIGINT signal?
Which deadlock handling strategy requires resources to be granted to a requesting process only if the system remains in a safe state after the allocation?
Which deadlock handling strategy requires resources to be granted to a requesting process only if the system remains in a safe state after the allocation?
Which algorithm is specifically designed to avoid deadlocks by carefully analyzing resource allocation?
Which algorithm is specifically designed to avoid deadlocks by carefully analyzing resource allocation?
What condition arises when processes hold resources already granted to them while waiting to acquire additional resources held by other processes?
What condition arises when processes hold resources already granted to them while waiting to acquire additional resources held by other processes?
What type of address is generated directly by the CPU for accessing memory?
What type of address is generated directly by the CPU for accessing memory?
Which memory allocation strategy involves searching the entire list of available memory blocks and selecting the smallest block that can satisfy the request?
Which memory allocation strategy involves searching the entire list of available memory blocks and selecting the smallest block that can satisfy the request?
What is the primary role of the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) in memory management?
What is the primary role of the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) in memory management?
What alternative approach can be used to reduce the space required for a page table by creating one entry per physical page frame rather than per virtual page?
What alternative approach can be used to reduce the space required for a page table by creating one entry per physical page frame rather than per virtual page?
Which inter-process communication (IPC) mechanism is best suited for enabling communication between unrelated processes running on different computers?
Which inter-process communication (IPC) mechanism is best suited for enabling communication between unrelated processes running on different computers?
What is the simplest but potentially most disruptive method for resolving a deadlock?
What is the simplest but potentially most disruptive method for resolving a deadlock?
Peterson's algorithm provides a solution to which fundamental concurrency problem?
Peterson's algorithm provides a solution to which fundamental concurrency problem?
In the context of signal handling, what action does the kill() system call perform?
In the context of signal handling, what action does the kill() system call perform?
Under what condition is a process said to be in a deadlock state?
Under what condition is a process said to be in a deadlock state?
What is the main purpose of using monitors in concurrent programming?
What is the main purpose of using monitors in concurrent programming?
What condition is characterized by a circular dependency where two or more processes are waiting for resources held by each other?
What condition is characterized by a circular dependency where two or more processes are waiting for resources held by each other?
What situation arises when two or more database transactions remain blocked indefinitely, each waiting for the other to release a lock?
What situation arises when two or more database transactions remain blocked indefinitely, each waiting for the other to release a lock?
What is the role of the Memory Management Unit (MMU) in address translation?
What is the role of the Memory Management Unit (MMU) in address translation?
In the context of CPU registers, what bit size are registers such as RAX, RBX, RCX, and RDX?
In the context of CPU registers, what bit size are registers such as RAX, RBX, RCX, and RDX?
What is the purpose of the socketpair system call?
What is the purpose of the socketpair system call?
During virtual memory management, which component is used as an index to locate entries within the page table?
During virtual memory management, which component is used as an index to locate entries within the page table?
Flashcards
No preemption
No preemption
Resources cannot be forcibly taken away; they must be explicitly released.
Signal
Signal
A software interrupt triggered by the system or user programs in response to an action or condition.
Page fault handler
Page fault handler
Manages the process when a requested page is not found in memory, handling the page fault.
No preemption
No preemption
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Default action of SIGINT
Default action of SIGINT
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Deadlock avoidance
Deadlock avoidance
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Hold and wait
Hold and wait
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Logical (virtual) address
Logical (virtual) address
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Banker's algorithm
Banker's algorithm
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TLB primary purpose
TLB primary purpose
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Message Passing
Message Passing
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Simplest way to break a deadlock
Simplest way to break a deadlock
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Peterson's algorithm solution
Peterson's algorithm solution
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kill() system call
kill() system call
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Deadlock state
Deadlock state
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Purpose of using monitors
Purpose of using monitors
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Circular wait condition
Circular wait condition
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Transactions Stuck
Transactions Stuck
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RAX, RBX, RCX, RDX register size
RAX, RBX, RCX, RDX register size
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Purpose of socketpair()
Purpose of socketpair()
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Index into the page table
Index into the page table
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Synchronization of threads in the same process
Synchronization of threads in the same process
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Every process has a
Every process has a
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Pipe
Pipe
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Process constantly denied resources
Process constantly denied resources
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Study Notes
- It is not always possible to temporarily take a resource away from its current owner and give it to another process.
- Signal is a software interrupt generated by the system or by a user programmatically in response to an action/condition.
- The page fault handler is part of the operating system software and manages the page fault process.
- The set of addresses that a process can use to address disk is not called address space.
- No preemption dictates that resources previously granted cannot be forcibly taken away from a process; they must be explicitly released.
- The default action of the SIGINT signal is to terminate the process.
- Banker's algorithm needs a resource request to be granted only if the system remains in a safe state after granting the resources; this is deadlock avoidance.
- Banker's algorithm is a deadlock avoidance algorithm.
- Processes currently holding resources granted earlier waiting to acquire additional resources held by other processes is the hold and wait condition for deadlock.
- The address generated by the CPU is a logical (virtual) address.
- First fit searches the entire list, from beginning to end, but takes the first adequate hole, not necessarily the smallest.
- The primary purpose of the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is to speed up the translation of virtual addresses to physical addresses.
- Instead of making a very large page table, an inverted page table can be used with one entry per page frame.
- Message passing IPC mechanism is more suitable for communication between unrelated processes running on different machines.
- The crudest but simplest way to break a deadlock is to abort all deadlocked processes or one at a time until the deadlock cycle is eliminated.
- Peterson's algorithm solves the mutual exclusion problem.
- The
kill()system call sends a signal to a specific process. - A process is in a deadlock state if it is waiting for an event that will never occur.
- Monitors protect shared resources and enforce mutual exclusion among processes.
- A circular list of two or more processes, each waiting for a resource held by the next member of the chain, is the circular wait condition for deadlock.
- When two or more transactions are stuck in a deadlock, they cannot complete any further transactions until one releases the lock.
- The Memory Management Unit (MMU) maps virtual addresses onto physical memory addresses.
- RAX, RBX, RCX, RDX, etc., are 64-bit registers.
- The purpose of the
socketpairsystem call in Linux/Unix operating systems is to create a pair of connected sockets for inter-process communication. - The page number is used as an index into the page table.
- Unnamed semaphores are used to synchronize threads within the same process.
- For every process there is a page table.
- Assuming that interested = [TRUE , FALSE] and process = 1, after running the code process 1 DOES NOT enter the critical region.
- A pipe is a unidirectional data channel in which data can be moved in only one direction at a time.
- A problem encountered in multitasking when a process is constantly denied necessary resources is called starvation.
lseeksystem call is used for positioning the offset pointer.- On occurrence of a deadlock, it is best to kill a process that can be rerun from the beginning with no ill effects.
- Only one process at a time can use the resource; this condition for deadlock is mutual exclusion.
- The TSL instruction is executed atomically.
- The Page Table is typically stored in RAM.
- The file descriptor for stdout in Linux is 1.
- Swapping can be used to improve main memory utilization.
- A page fault occurs when a requested page is not in memory.
- The false statement is: All unsafe states lead to deadlocks.
- In the given code, (if LOCK = 0), the process enters the critical region.
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