Operating System Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of an IS (Information System)?

  • Collect, process, store, analyze, and disseminate information for a specific purpose (correct)
  • Develop strategies for using blockchain technology
  • Design computer-based tools for organization's information needs
  • Manage situational awareness and battlefield systems

    • How are the terms IT, IS, and MIS used in practice?

  • Exclusively in academic settings
  • Only in specific industries
  • As separate and distinct concepts
  • Interchangeably (correct)

    • What is the benefit of becoming an informed user of information systems?

  • Becoming a security expert
  • Creating new IT applications for the organization
  • Enhancing the quality of organization’s IT applications with input (correct)
  • Acquiring advanced programming skills

    • What did Kodak miss that led to its downfall?

    <p>Digital photography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who benefits more from an organization's IT applications?

    <p>Informed users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Delta, the Ukrainian system, focus on?

    <p>Situational awareness and battlefield management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to any computer-based tool used to work with information?

    <p>IT (Information Technology)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does MIS (Management Information System) include?

    <p>&quot;IT&quot; and &quot;IS&quot; tools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you understand how IT can improve your organization's performance?

    <p>Enhancement of both performance and teamwork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you become when you study IS?

    <p>An informed user</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of an informed user in digital transformation?

    <p>Actively managing IT and leveraging IT to improve all aspects of functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which profession is a common misconception about IT, according to the given text?

    <p>Computer programming is a masculine profession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the traditional functions of the MIS department, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Managing IS development, operations, tech support, and infrastructure planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic function of capturing and assembling elements that enter the system to be processed called?

    <p>Input</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a cybernetic system add to a system's transformation process?

    <p>Feedback and control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of open cybernetic systems related to interaction with the environment?

    <p>Interdependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an information system store, transform, retrieve, and disseminate in an organization?

    <p>Information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Data' are best described as:

    <p>'Information' recorded but with no meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hardware' in an information system refers to:

    <p>'Processor, monitor, keyboard, and printer'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of operating system uses icons, bars, buttons, and images for user interaction?

    <p>Graphical user interfaces (GUI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using software suites as compared to buying individual packages?

    <p>Software suites cost less than buying individual packages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) application software?

    <p>Usually involves minimal changes beyond scheduled upgrades.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cybernetic system according to systems theory?

    <p>A system that controls and regulates itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of Information Systems (IS) in executing a business process?

    <p>Carrying out calculations and comparisons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Robotic Process Automation (RPA)?

    <p>Automating repetitive tasks carried out by employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Natural User Interface (NUI) from other user interfaces?

    <p>It remains invisible as users interact with it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents an open cybernetic system?

    <p>Functions involved in a cross-functional business process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of a microprocessor temporarily stores data that are frequently used by the CPU?

    <p>Random Access Memory (RAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit of storage is equivalent to 1 trillion characters?

    <p>Terabyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the control unit in a microprocessor?

    <p>To process program instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of memory is located on the motherboard as close to the CPU as possible?

    <p>Registers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which storage media uses small chips containing thousands of transistors?

    <p>Flash memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of software, what is the primary function of an operating system?

    <p>To manage the computer's operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of software is distributed with license terms that ensure its source code will always be available?

    <p>'Open-Source' Software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of software has restrictions on its use, copying, and modification?

    <p>Proprietary Software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the rights attached to open-source software regarding modifications and distribution?

    <p>They must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow them to be distributed under the same terms as the license of the original software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of software uses the open software approach as a basis but adds closed source/proprietary software?

    <p>'Hybrid' Software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does system software primarily control and support?

    <p>Information processing activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the invariable part of the computer in terms of hardware?

    <p>Central processing unit (CPU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of computer is widely used as superservers for large client/server networks and high-volume Internet websites?

    <p>Mainframe computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for miniature computers that people may wear under, with, or on top of their clothing?

    <p>Wearable Computers (Wearables)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which input technology does not require a mouse for interaction?

    <p>Gesture recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do most computers have that is responsible for video processing and can be integrated into the motherboard or as a stand-alone card?

    <p>Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of computer is designed for scientific, engineering, and business applications, and performs trillions of operations per second through massive parallel processing?

    <p>Supercomputers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of output device uses icons, menus, windows, and buttons that can be selected with pointing devices?

    <p>Graphical User Interface (GUI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of computer system is characterized by high storage capacity, high transaction processing, and is widely used as superservers for large client/server networks?

    <p>Mainframe Computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of input technology involves the use of voice commands to interact with a computer system?

    <p>Voice recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of computer is optimized for video processing such as video editing, conversion, projecting, and streaming?

    <p>Video Card</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of computer is designed for personal use and includes desktops, workstations, and portable laptops?

    <p>Personal Computers (PCs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of computer is known for its powerful computing capabilities and is used for scientific, engineering, and business applications that require massive parallel processing?

    <p>Supercomputers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Business Process Improvement (BPI)?

    <p>Incremental change and bottom-up approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of Business Process Reengineering (BPR)?

    <p>Radical redesign of business processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of Business Process Improvement involves identifying relevant process metrics like time and cost?

    <p>Define Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a strategic information system according to the provided text?

    <p>Information system that uses IT to shape/support competitive position/strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model includes Industry Rivalry, Bargaining Power of Suppliers, Threat of Substitutes, Threat of New Entrants, and Bargaining Power of Buyers?

    <p>Porter’s Five Forces Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Threat of Entry of New Competitors refer to in Porter’s Five Forces Model?

    <p>Threat that competitors will enter the market easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'entry barrier' in the context of Porter’s Five Forces Model?

    <p>A feature that prevents new competitors from entering the market easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does high supplier power imply in Porter’s Five Forces Model?

    <p>Buyers have few choices about whom to buy from</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a cybernetic system?

    <p>Monitoring and controlling performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents an open cybernetic system?

    <p>A system that interacts with other systems in its environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an information system store, transform, retrieve, and disseminate in an organization?

    <p>Data converted to be useful to end users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the characteristic of open cybernetic systems related to interaction with the environment?

    <p>Systems exchange information, energy, or material with their environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of Information Systems (IS) in executing a business process?

    <p>Transforming input into output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Natural User Interface (NUI) from other user interfaces?

    <p>The use of voice commands to interact with a computer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Kodak miss that led to its downfall?

    <p>Opportunities for digital transformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hardware' in an information system refers to:

    <p>A device such as the processor, monitor, keyboard, and printer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you become when you study IS?

    <p>Informed user engage in digital transformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does MIS (Management Information System) include?

    <p>Hardware, software, data resources, policies and procedures, and people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of computer is designed for scientific, engineering, and business applications, and performs trillions of operations per second through massive parallel processing?

    <p>Supercomputer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'entry barrier' in the context of Porter’s Five Forces Model?

    <p>Factors that make it difficult for new competitors to enter a market</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of a microprocessor temporarily stores data that are frequently used by the CPU?

    <p>Cache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit of storage is equivalent to 1 trillion characters?

    <p>Petabyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of software has restrictions on its use, copying, and modification?

    <p>Proprietary Software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents an open cybernetic system?

    <p>A system that allows collaboration and contributions to the software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do most computers have that is responsible for video processing and can be integrated into the motherboard or as a stand-alone card?

    <p>Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of computer is designed for personal use and includes desktops, workstations, and portable laptops?

    <p>Microcomputer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of Business Process Improvement involves identifying relevant process metrics like time and cost?

    <p>Measurement phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for miniature computers that people may wear under, with, or on top of their clothing?

    <p>Wearable Computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Data' are best described as:

    <p>Unprocessed facts or figures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does high supplier power imply in Porter’s Five Forces Model?

    <p>Greater influence over pricing and terms by suppliers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of computer is optimized for video processing such as video editing, conversion, projecting, and streaming?

    <p>Workstation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Business Process Reengineering (BPR)?

    <p>Eliminating unnecessary steps in business processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of user interface uses gestures, voice recognition, and natural interactions?

    <p>Natural User Interface (NUI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of software, what is the primary disadvantage of using software suites?

    <p>Takes a lot of disk space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) application software?

    <p>Minimal changes beyond scheduled upgrades</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in enterprises?

    <p>Automating the actions in a business process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do purchasers of Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) application software lack access to?

    <p>Source code and internal documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an operating system in a computer?

    <p>Supporting basic computer functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of Natural User Interface (NUI) in comparison to other user interfaces?

    <p>Leverages human experience of the natural world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for information that has been processed/analyzed to convey understanding, accumulated learning, and expertise?

    <p>Knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which industry is mentioned in the text as being transformed by e-books and e-book readers, indicating the impact of IT on organizations?

    <p>Book Industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Ergonomics' often refer to?

    <p>Human factors engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of computer is designed for scientific, engineering, and business applications, and performs trillions of operations per second through massive parallel processing?

    <p>Supercomputers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of input technology involves the use of voice commands to interact with a computer system?

    <p>Voice-recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes Wearable Computers (Wearables) as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Miniature computers worn under clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component of the computer is responsible for video processing and can be integrated into the motherboard or exist as a stand-alone card?

    <p>Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) as mentioned in the text?

    <p>To automate repetitive or dangerous tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Ergonomics' often refer to?

    <p>Human factors engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of computer system is characterized by high storage capacity, high transaction processing, and is widely used as superservers for large client/server networks?

    <p>Mainframe Computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Natural User Interface (NUI) from other user interfaces?

    <p>It mimics human-human interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an information system (IS)?

    <p>To collect, process, store, analyze, and disseminate information for a specific purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an informed user of information systems?

    <p>They are knowledgeable about information systems and information technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a cybernetic system add to a system's transformation process?

    <p>Feedback control and self-regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) application software?

    <p>It is ready-made and available for purchase or license</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does high supplier power imply in Porter’s Five Forces Model?

    <p>Suppliers have strong influence in setting prices or terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of memory is located on the motherboard as close to the CPU as possible?

    <p>Cache memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of a microprocessor temporarily stores data frequently used by the CPU?

    <p>Cache memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of input technology involves the use of voice commands to interact with a computer system?

    <p>Speech recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hardware' in an information system refers to:

    <p>Physical components of the system such as servers and storage devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Data' are best described as:

    <p>Raw facts and figures that need to be processed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a use case for Robotic Process Automation (RPA) according to the text?

    <p>Image Recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Business Process Reengineering (BPR) as described in the text?

    <p>Radical redesign of business processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Business Process Improvement (BPI) according to the text?

    <p>Incremental change in process operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phase in Business Process Improvement (BPI) involves identifying relevant process metrics like time and cost?

    <p>Measure Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Porter’s Competitive Forces Model, what does the 'Threat of Entry of New Competitors' refer to?

    <p>The threat that new competitors will enter the market</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of supplier power as described in Porter’s Competitive Forces Model?

    <p>Low when buyers have few choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many forces are included in Porter’s Competitive Forces Model?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a strategic information system according to the text?

    <p>A system that provides a competitive advantage through IT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an Information System (IS) according to the text?

    <p>To support business processes by storing, transforming, retrieving, and disseminating information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of memory is located on the motherboard as close to the CPU as possible according to the text?

    <p>Cache memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an organization's IT applications become strategically aligned with its business goals according to the text?

    <p>Improvement in organizational performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does high supplier power imply in Porter’s Five Forces Model according to the text?

    <p>Buyers have few choices about whom to buy from</p> Signup and view all the answers

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