Operating System CPU Scheduling Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the main responsibility of the CPU scheduler?

  • Switching the CPU between user mode and kernel mode
  • Handling I/O operations for processes in memory
  • Managing the dispatcher module
  • Selecting processes in memory ready to execute and allocating the CPU to one of them (correct)

    • When does a CPU scheduling decision take place?

  • When a process switches from running to waiting state
  • When a process switches from running to ready state
  • When a process switches from waiting to ready state
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which type of scheduling is non-preemptive?

  • Scheduling when a process switches from running to ready state
  • Scheduling when a process switches from waiting to ready state
  • Scheduling when a process switches from running to waiting state
  • Scheduling when a process terminates (correct)

    • What does the dispatcher module do?

    <p>Gives control of the CPU to the process selected by the short-term scheduler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dispatch latency?

    <p>The time it takes for the dispatcher to stop one process and start another running</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does process execution consist of a cycle of CPU execution and I/O wait?

    <p>When a process switches from running to waiting state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of CPU utilization in scheduling criteria?

    <p>To keep the CPU as busy as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the turnaround time measure in scheduling criteria?

    <p>The amount of time to execute a particular process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implementation of the First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) scheduling algorithm based on?

    <p>A FIFO queue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average waiting time under the FCFS policy dependent on?

    <p>The order in which processes arrive at the ready queue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What scenario may result when there is one CPU-bound process and many I/O-bound processes under FCFS scheduling?

    <p>The CPU will sit idle most of the time while waiting for I/O-bound processes to complete execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect is observed due to one CPU-bound process holding the CPU for an extended period under FCFS scheduling?

    <p>A convoy effect where all other processes wait for the one big process to get off the CPU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimization criterion associated with FCFS scheduling?

    <p>Min waiting time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which order do processes get allocated the CPU under FCFS scheduling?

    <p>Based on their arrival time at the ready queue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of scheduling algorithm is First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)?

    <p>Non-preemptive scheduling algorithm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of queue is used to manage the implementation of FCFS policy?

    <p>FIFO queue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    CPU Scheduling

    • The main responsibility of the CPU scheduler is to allocate the CPU to a process among the available processes.
    • A CPU scheduling decision takes place when a process:
      • Switches from running to waiting state
      • Switches from waiting to ready state
      • Terminates

    Non-Preemptive Scheduling

    • FCFS (First-Come, First-Served) scheduling is a non-preemptive type of scheduling.

    Dispatcher Module

    • The dispatcher module gives control of the CPU to the process selected by the CPU scheduler.
    • It is responsible for context switching.

    Dispatch Latency

    • Dispatch latency is the time taken by the dispatcher to stop one process and start another.

    Process Execution Cycle

    • Process execution consists of a cycle of CPU execution and I/O wait when the process spends some time on the CPU and then waits for I/O operations.

    CPU Utilization

    • The main goal of CPU utilization in scheduling criteria is to maximize the CPU usage.

    Turnaround Time

    • The turnaround time measures the total time taken by a process to complete its execution.

    FCFS Scheduling

    • The implementation of the First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) scheduling algorithm is based on a queue.
    • The average waiting time under the FCFS policy is dependent on the order of arrival of the processes.
    • A scenario may result in CPU-bound process holding the CPU for an extended period, causing other processes to wait, when there is one CPU-bound process and many I/O-bound processes under FCFS scheduling.
    • This can lead to a convoy effect, where a long process holds the CPU for an extended period.
    • The optimization criterion associated with FCFS scheduling is to minimize the average waiting time.
    • Processes get allocated the CPU under FCFS scheduling in the order of their arrival.
    • FCFS is a non-preemptive scheduling algorithm.
    • A first-in, first-out (FIFO) queue is used to manage the implementation of the FCFS policy.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of CPU scheduling concepts such as scheduling criteria, algorithms, multiple-processor scheduling, real-time scheduling, and algorithm evaluation. This quiz covers basic concepts like maximum CPU utilization with multiprogramming and CPU-I/O burst cycle.

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