Operating System Concepts: Key Terms

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Questions and Answers

Which metric is most directly related to how efficiently the CPU is being used?

  • Response time
  • CPU utilization (correct)
  • Waiting time
  • Turnaround time

What does 'turnaround time' represent in process management?

  • The time a process spends waiting in the ready queue.
  • The time taken for the CPU to execute a process.
  • The time it takes to receive the first response after submitting a job.
  • The time from process submission to its completion. (correct)

In the context of CPU scheduling, what is 'throughput' primarily used to measure?

  • The time it takes for a process to receive its first response.
  • The average waiting time of processes.
  • The number of processes completed per unit of time. (correct)
  • The total time a process spends in the system.

What is the main goal of 'policy enforcement' in a computing system?

<p>To strictly adhere to established policies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following times is NOT included in the calculation of 'waiting time'?

<p>Time spent being executed by the CPU. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that 'response time' measures?

<p>How long it takes to receive the first response after submitting a job. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a process's 'completion time' is 20ms and its 'arrival time' is 0ms, what additional information is required to calculate its 'turnaround time'?

<p>No additional information is needed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most closely related to the concept of 'fairness' in operating system scheduling?

<p>Ensuring every process receives a reasonable share of resources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A process arrives in the ready queue at time 5ms and its 'burst time' is 10ms. Assuming it runs without interruption, when is its 'completion time'?

<p>15ms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is 'waiting time' related to 'turnaround time' and 'burst time'?

<p>Waiting Time = Turnaround Time - Burst Time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fairness

Distributing resources or opportunities equally among individuals or groups.

Policy Enforcement

Ensuring rules and guidelines are followed within a system or organization.

Balance

Maintaining an equilibrium where all components are actively used and none are overloaded.

Throughput

The maximum number of tasks or jobs completed per unit of time.

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Turnaround Time

The total time from when a process is submitted until it completes execution, including waiting and execution time.

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CPU utilization

The percentage of time a CPU is actively processing tasks.

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Waiting Time

The total time a process spends waiting in the ready queue, not including execution time.

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Response Time

The time it takes from the submission of a job until the first response is received.

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Arrival Time

The time when a process enters the ready queue, waiting for CPU execution.

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Completion Time

The time at which a process finishes its execution.

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Study Notes

  • Fairness refers to the concept of ensuring a fair allocation of resources.
  • Policy enforcement is the implementation and maintenance of a specific policy.
  • Balance involves keeping all parts of a system actively engaged.
  • Throughout means maximizing the number of jobs processed per hour.
  • Throughput measures the number of completed units within a specific time frame.
  • Turnaround time is the maximum duration between job submission and termination; it can also refer to the time it takes for a process to execute, calculated as Completion Time (CT) minus Arrival Time (AT).
  • CPU utilization indicates how busy the CPU is.
  • Waiting time quantifies the duration a process spends in the ready queue, measured as Turnaround Time (TT) minus Burst Time (BT).
  • Response time is the delay between the submission of a job and its initial response.
  • Arrival time is the moment a process enters the ready queue.
  • Completion time is the point when a process finishes execution.
  • Burst time is the amount of time a CPU needs to execute a process.

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