Operating System Concepts Chapter 1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the smallest unit of storage in a computer?

  • Kilobyte
  • Byte
  • Bit (correct)
  • Word

How many bits make up a byte?

  • 16 bits
  • 32 bits
  • 8 bits (correct)
  • 4 bits

In most computers, what is the smallest convenient chunk of storage?

  • Kilobyte
  • Byte (correct)
  • Bit
  • Megabyte

What is the term used for a computer architecture's native unit of data?

<p>Word (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many bytes make up a typical word in a computer with 64-bit registers and memory addressing?

<p>8 bytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of interrupts in a computer system?

<p>Controlling the flow of data between the CPU and memory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent number of bytes for a petabyte?

<p>$1,024^5$ bytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the mode where the operating system has unrestricted access to hardware resources?

<p>Kernel mode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What components are part of a modern multiprocessor computer system?

<p>Multiple CPUs and shared memory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context are operating systems used according to the text?

<p>In various computing environments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an operating system?

<p>To manage resources and provide services for computer programs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for hiding the peculiarities of hardware devices from the user?

<p>I/O subsystem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines what is in memory and when, optimizing CPU utilization and computer response to users?

<p>Memory management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides mechanisms for process synchronization and communication in operating systems?

<p>Process management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a single-threaded process, how does the process execute instructions?

<p>Sequentially, one at a time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for providing mechanisms for deadlock handling in an operating system?

<p>Process management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity involves creating and deleting both user and system processes?

<p>Process creation and deletion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of caching in a computer system?

<p>To copy information into a faster storage system for quicker access (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a device driver in an operating system?

<p>Provide a uniform interface between device controllers and the kernel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a modern computer, what architecture does it typically follow?

<p>von Neumann architecture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Direct Memory Access (DMA) in a computer system?

<p>Allow high-speed I/O devices to transfer data directly to main memory without CPU intervention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes software that provides services outside of the kernel in an operating system?

<p>Daemon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of multiprogramming in a batch system?

<p>Organize jobs so that the CPU always has one to execute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In multitasking (timesharing) systems, what is the expected response time for user interactions?

<p>&lt; 1 second (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does swapping do in a multi-programmed system when processes don't fit in memory?

<p>Moves processes between main memory and secondary storage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of an operating system?

<p>To make the computer system convenient to use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the computer system controls and coordinates the use of hardware among various applications and users?

<p>Operating system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the kernel in an operating system?

<p>The one program running at all times on the computer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes what users of dedicated systems like workstations want from an operating system?

<p>Convenience, ease of use, and good performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a computer system provides basic computing resources?

<p>Hardware (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of device controllers in a computer system's operation?

<p>Control and manage I/O devices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of device informs the CPU that it has finished its operation in a computer system?

<p>Device controller (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'interrupt-driven I/O cycle' refer to in a computer system?

<p>Cycle where I/O operations are done concurrently with CPU execution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between main memory and secondary storage in a computer system?

<p>Main memory has faster access speeds than secondary storage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Bit

The smallest unit of computer storage, representing 0 or 1.

Byte

8 bits, the smallest practical storage unit.

Word

Unit of data in a computer's architecture, made of bytes.

Storage Hierarchy

Organization of storage based on speed, cost, and volatility.

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Caching

Copying data to faster storage for performance.

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Main Memory (RAM)

Fast, volatile storage - cache for secondary storage.

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Computer System Components

Hardware, OS, application programs, and users.

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Operating System (OS)

Resource manager and control program, runs programs.

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Kernel

Part of the OS that runs constantly.

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Interrupt

Signal from hardware to OS for action.

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CPU

Central processing unit, performs calculations.

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Device Controller

Manages communication between CPU & I/O devices.

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Interrupt Handling

Managing interrupts by OS: saving state, processing.

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Trap/Exception

Software generated interrupt for errors or requests.

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Secondary Storage

Non-volatile storage like hard drives.

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Main Memory

Large, direct access storage, usually volatile.

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Bus

Connection for devices and the CPU.

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I/O Devices

Input/output devices like keyboards and screens.

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Concurrency

Multiple things happening at the same time.

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Study Notes

Computer Storage

  • A bit is the basic unit of computer storage and can have a value of 0 or 1.
  • A byte is a collection of 8 bits and is the smallest convenient chunk of storage.
  • A word is a unit of data that is native to a computer's architecture and is made up of one or more bytes.

Storage Hierarchy

  • Storage systems are organized in a hierarchy based on speed, cost, and volatility.
  • Caching is the process of copying information into a faster storage system to improve performance.
  • The main memory (RAM) can be viewed as a cache for secondary storage.

Computer-System Organization

  • A computer system can be divided into four components: hardware, operating system, application programs, and users.
  • The operating system acts as a resource allocator and control program, managing the execution of user programs.

Operating System Definition

  • There is no universally accepted definition of an operating system.
  • An operating system can be viewed as "everything a vendor ships when you order an operating system".
  • The kernel is the part of the operating system that runs at all times on the computer.

Computer-System Operation

  • One or more CPUs, device controllers, and memory are connected through a common bus.
  • The CPU, I/O devices, and devices controllers can execute concurrently, competing for memory cycles.
  • I/O is performed from device to local buffer of controller, and the device controller informs the CPU that it has finished its operation by causing an interrupt.

Interrupt Handling

  • Interrupt architecture must save the address of the interrupted instruction.
  • A trap or exception is a software-generated interrupt caused by an error or user request.
  • The operating system is interrupt-driven, and interrupt handling involves preserving the state of the CPU, determining the type of interrupt, and processing the interrupt.

Storage Structure

  • Main memory is a large storage media that the CPU can access directly, and is typically volatile and random-access.
  • Secondary storage is an extension of main memory that provides large nonvolatile storage capacity, and includes hard disk drives and non-volatile memory devices.

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Test your knowledge on the key topics covered in Chapter 1 of the book 'Operating System Concepts - 10th Edition' by Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne. Questions cover concepts like computer-system organization, architecture, operations, resource management, security, and protection.

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