Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the OpenMP library?
What is the mechanism used in OpenMP to add functionality to a C program?
What is the purpose of the #include directive in OpenMP?
What is the compiler option to compile an OpenMP program?
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What is the purpose of the #pragma omp parallel directive?
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What is the purpose of the numthreads option in OpenMP?
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What happens if the numthreads option is not specified in OpenMP?
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What is the purpose of the omp_get_thread_num() function in OpenMP?
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What is the input required for the prime number calculation program?
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What is the definition of a prime number according to the problem statement?
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What is the return type of the isPrime function?
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What is the condition for a number to be considered in the isPrime function?
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What is the output of the prime number calculation program?
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What is the minimum value of N for which the program can calculate the number of prime numbers?
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What is the purpose of the loop in the isPrime function?
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What would be the correct way to call the isPrime function to check if a number is prime?
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What would happen if the number 1 is passed to the isPrime function?
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What is the advantage of using a function like isPrime in a program?
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Quais são os componentes-chave da teoria do apego?
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O que é a teoria do apego?
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Como a sensibilidade do cuidador influencia a formação de apego?
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A dificuldade em formar __________ pode ocorrer em crianças em acolhimento devido a experiências anteriores.
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Study Notes
OpenMP Motivation
- OpenMP is a library for developing parallel applications using shared memory, providing a high-level abstraction for adapting sequential applications in a simple way.
- Compared to Pthreads, OpenMP is less complex in terms of API.
Pragma Mechanism in C
- OpenMP commands are based on pragmas, which allow adding functionality to a C program without affecting its generic compilation.
- The
#pragma omp
directive is used to specify OpenMP commands. - Compilers that support these directives make use of them, while those that don't support them ignore them and compile the program as usual.
- A correctly coded OpenMP program always compiles on any platform, even without support.
Compiler Extensions for OpenMP
- The auxiliary library "omp.h" is included using
#include
. - A pre-compiler directive is used to validate support:
#ifdef _OPENMP ... #else ... #endif
.
Compiling and Executing OpenMP Programs
- The compiling option is
-fopenmp
, e.g.,gcc -fopenmp hello_omp.c -o hello_omp
. - The linker option is
-lomp
, which is optional if including-fopenmp
.
Parallel Directive
- The
#pragma omp parallel
directive creates multiple threads of execution in the same process, which execute the code immediately following the pragma. - When the code is finished, all threads wait for the completion of the remaining threads.
numthreads Option
- The
numthreads
option defines the number of threads to parallelize the application, e.g.,#pragma omp parallel num_threads(thrcnt)
. - If not specified, the number of threads created is set by the system during execution, e.g., the number of cores.
High-Performance Computing Exercise
- Practical exercise on high-performance computing, focusing on prime number calculations
Prime Number Exercise Objective
- Develop a program to calculate the number of prime numbers within a range from 1 to N
- Input: N, representing the size of the set of numbers to check
- Output: the number of prime numbers in the interval 1 to N
Definition of a Prime Number
- A prime number has exactly two divisors: itself and the unit (1)
isPrime() Function
-
int isPrime(long number)
function returns an integer value - If
number
is less than 2, the function returns 0, indicating it's not a prime number - The function iterates from 2 to check for divisors of the input
number
High Performance Computing Exercise
- The exercise involves developing a program to calculate the number of prime numbers within a range from 1 to N.
- The input for the program is N, which represents the size of the set of numbers to check.
- The output of the program is the number of prime numbers in the interval from 1 to N.
Definition of Prime Number
- A prime number has exactly two divisors: itself and the unit (1).
- A prime number must be greater than or equal to 2.
Trivial Function isPrime()
- The
isPrime()
function takes along
integer as input and returns an integer value. - If the input number is less than 2, the function returns 0, indicating that the number is not prime.
- The function uses a loop starting from 2 to check for divisors of the input number.
Foster Methodology: Attachment Theory
Definition of Attachment
- A deep and enduring emotional bond between two individuals, typically between a child and their primary caregiver(s)
Key Components of Attachment
- Proximity: desire to be physically close to the attachment figure, which is essential for emotional development
- Separation anxiety: distress experienced when separated from the attachment figure, a natural response to feelings of abandonment
- Safe haven: the attachment figure provides comfort and security, serving as a source of refuge
- Secure base: the attachment figure acts as a foundation for exploration and learning, fostering independence and confidence
Attachment Styles
Secure Attachment
- Characterized by confidence, responsiveness, and sensitivity to the child's needs
- Encourages independence, self-regulation, and emotional resilience
Anxious-Ambivalent Attachment
- Marked by inconsistent, unpredictable, and overly responsive behavior
- Leads to anxiety, clinginess, and difficulty with self-regulation
Avoidant Attachment
- Defined by distant, unresponsive, and rejecting behavior
- Results in emotional suppression, difficulty with intimacy, and increased independence
Disorganized-Disoriented Attachment
- Characterized by chaotic, unpredictable, and frightening behavior
- Linked to increased risk of developmental and emotional difficulties
Factors Influencing Attachment
- Caregiver sensitivity: the ability to respond to the child's cues and needs, crucial for secure attachment
- Caregiver consistency: consistent and predictable behavior, essential for building trust and security
- Child temperament: individual differences in emotional reactivity and regulation, influencing attachment style
Foster Care Implications
- Disruption of attachment: frequent changes in caregivers can lead to attachment difficulties, increasing the risk of emotional and behavioral problems
- Difficulty forming attachments: foster children may struggle to form healthy attachments due to past experiences, affecting their emotional development and well-being
- Importance of attachment-sensitive care: foster caregivers should prioritize building a secure attachment with the child to promote healthy development, resilience, and life outcomes
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Description
Learn about OpenMP, a library for developing parallel applications using shared memory, and its high-level abstraction for adapting sequential applications. Understand the Pragma Mechanism in C and how OMP commands are based on pragmas.