Open Source and Open Hardware Overview

Research data, in various formats (digital and analog, raw and processed), including metadata, scores, texts, images, sounds, protocols, and analysis code, that's openly available.

Research data should be accessible in a timely, user-friendly way, readable by both humans and machines, and usable.

Scientific research outputs should be deposited in open repositories using suitable technical standards so they can be linked to publications.

Immediate and free access to scientific publications is encouraged, no paywalls.

Copyright transfers shouldn't prevent immediate open access to publications.

Teaching, learning, and research materials available for free with open licenses, and free to re-use.

Software & source code that's generally available to the public, and able to easily share with others.

Data should be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable.

A license granting others the right to use, modify, share, and distribute open source software.

Physical objects with publicly available design specifications, licensed for study, modification, and distribution.

The ability to use and replicate open source software and data, supported with open data and environment specifications for compiling and running software.

A collaborative system for contributions, attribution, improvement, and governance in open source and hardware projects.

All actors, regardless of background, have equal opportunity to access, contribute and benefit from open science initiatives.

Open science requires accountability, awareness of potential consequences, and ethical research practices from all involved.

Collaboration in open science is crucial across disciplines, cultures, and resources to address societal challenges.

Open science approaches should adapt to various scientific systems and technologies globally, while upholding core values.

Long-term funding and infrastructure are needed to ensure equal participation of researchers from all institutions.

Ensuring comprehensive societal actors and knowledge from marginalized communities' participation in open science.

Open science requires awareness and management of potential conflicts of interest to maintain integrity.

Open science requires consideration and adherence to ethical principles and implications pertaining to research.

Open science practices should uphold fairness and equity, preventing the exploitation of data and knowledge.

Research funded by the public should follow open science principles, making results and materials openly available.

Open science should embrace various formats and means of publishing, including those from humanities and social sciences.

Open science should actively promote the use of multiple languages in scientific publications and communication.

Open science practices must respect the rights of communities, including Indigenous peoples' traditional knowledge.

Open science aims to effectively spread scientific knowledge to a wide audience, including scholars, policymakers, and the public.

Open science should involve corporations in discussions about expanding its principles and priorities.

The benefits of open science are meant to be shared fairly and equitably, with no one unfairly taking advantage.

A set of goals developed by UNESCO to guide and stimulate international cooperation to advance open science for the benefit of humankind and planetary sustainability.

A supportive and conducive policy framework that encourages and facilitates open science practices. This involves legislation, regulations, and funding mechanisms.

Investing in resources like data repositories, open-source software, and training programs that support open science initiatives.

Promoting a mindset that values openness, collaboration, and sharing in scientific research. This involves education, awareness campaigns, and community building.

Encouraging collaborations between countries and organizations to advance open science practices, including capacity building and sharing resources.

Ensuring that open science practices are sustainable in the long term, with sufficient funding, infrastructure, and ongoing support.

Open science involves changes to research culture, methods, institutions, & technology, making the entire research process more open and accessible.

Open science aims to improve research quality, reproducibility, and speed up scientific knowledge growth by encouraging collaboration and open sharing.

Open peer review allows for greater transparency in the evaluation process, potentially including public reviews, reviewer identities, and community participation.

Open science encourages sharing of negative results and data, recognizing that even failures contribute to scientific knowledge advancement.

Open science promotes open data, accessible in a timely and user-friendly way, following FAIR principles: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable.

Preprints are early versions of research papers made publicly available before peer review, distinct from final, peer-reviewed publications.

Open science encourages community-driven collaboration, where researchers contribute to, improve, and govern projects in an open manner.

Open science respects the diversity of scientific practices and encourages innovative approaches to openness at different stages of the research process.