Open Door Policy Flashcards

Questions and Answers

By the late 1800s, the European powers had begun to move into _____ and partition up the continent amongst themselves.

Asia

Potentially, the most beneficial area for ___________ was China.

trade purposes

September 1889 the U.S. Secretary of State John Hay sent a letter to the European powers that they respect the principle of...

commercial equality in China

For centuries, China had been...

a closed society Signup and view all the answers

What are a group of traditional-minded Chinese called?

Boxers Signup and view all the answers

After what event did the Boxers rebel, attack, and try to force foreigners from Peking?

When the nations of Europe began setting up trading legations Signup and view all the answers

What were the Boxers trying to do when they rebelled and attacked as a result of Europe setting up trading legations?

force foreigners from Peking Signup and view all the answers

What action did the US take regarding the Boxer Rebellion?

sent troops to put down the Boxer Rebellion Signup and view all the answers

In July 1900, in a second Open Door note, what did John Hay instruct the nations of Europe to do?

preserve China's territorial integrity and respect the Open Door Policy Signup and view all the answers

What did the French sell to the U.S. regarding Panama?

their interest in Panama for a $250,000 annual lease Signup and view all the answers

Colombia T.R.'s offer of $10 million and a $250,000 annual lease. T.R. then told the Panamanians that if they __________, he would see to it that they got it.

refused; declared their independence from Colombia Signup and view all the answers

What happened after Panama gained independence?

signed a canal treaty with the U.S. Signup and view all the answers

The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the _ and warned Latin American nations to ____.

Monroe Doctrine; stabilize their politics and finances Signup and view all the answers

Why did the French abandon the canal project before the Americans?

malaria and yellow fever Signup and view all the answers

What did Taft believe about U.S. economic strength?

should use its economic strength to spread its influence in Latin America Signup and view all the answers

Who had the foreign policy of Dollar Diplomacy?

Taft Signup and view all the answers

What did the Dollar Diplomacy state?

trade should replace guns; the policy of using economic investment to protect U.S. interest abroad Signup and view all the answers

Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson all had different foreign policy ideas, but all eventually came to whose policy?

Roosevelt's Signup and view all the answers

What did a Nicaraguan dictator do to some American companies?

executed some American businessmen and kicked U.S. companies out of Nicaragua Signup and view all the answers

What did Taft do regarding the Nicaraguan dictator?

sent in the Marines, overthrew the dictator, and set up a government hand-picked by the U.S. Signup and view all the answers

Who had the foreign policy of Moral Diplomacy?

Wilson Signup and view all the answers

The Moral Diplomacy said that T.R.'s Power Politics was and betrayed America's __.

immoral; Christian values Signup and view all the answers

Wilson had a tendency to be _______ and patronizing.

condescending Signup and view all the answers

Nicaragua is an example of whose foreign policy failure?

Taft Signup and view all the answers

What does the Open Door Policy to China state?

All nations should have equal access to trade in China. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the countries that had interests in China?

Germany, Great Britain, France, Japan, Russia, and The United States Signup and view all the answers

What year did the Boxer Rebellion occur?

1900 Signup and view all the answers

Spheres of Influence are areas where foreign nations control __________ in other countries.

resources Signup and view all the answers

What was China punished with for the rebellion?

Made to pay $333 million to foreign governments. Signup and view all the answers

Who stopped the Boxer Rebellion?

Foreign military forces, including the United States. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Boxers?

Chinese nationalists who were angered by foreign involvement. Signup and view all the answers

The Boxer Rebellion involved Chinese nationalists who were angered, rebelled, and fought against __________ involvement in China.

foreign Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Open Door Policy and Boxer Rebellion

By the late 1800s, European powers partitioned Asia, negatively impacting China's closed society.
China was viewed as a lucrative area for trade purposes.
John Hay, U.S. Secretary of State, communicated a demand for commercial equality in China to European powers in September 1889.
The Boxers were traditional-minded Chinese nationalists opposing foreign influence.
The Boxer Rebellion emerged as a response to European trading legations established in China.
The goal of the Boxers was to force foreigners out of Peking.

U.S. Intervention

The U.S. joined European nations to quell the Boxer Rebellion by sending troops.
In July 1900, John Hay called for the preservation of China's territorial integrity and adherence to the Open Door Policy.

Panama Canal

The French sold their interest in Panama to the U.S. for a $250,000 annual lease; this was vital for canal construction.
Colombia rejected a $10 million offer from the U.S., prompting President T.R. to support Panamanian independence.
Following independence, Panama signed a canal treaty with the U.S.

Roosevelt Corollary and Dollar Diplomacy

The Roosevelt Corollary added to the Monroe Doctrine, urging Latin American countries to stabilize their politics and finances.
The French abandoned the Panama Canal project due to malaria and yellow fever.
Taft promoted Dollar Diplomacy, believing in using economic strength to expand U.S. influence in Latin America.
Dollar Diplomacy advocated for trade over military intervention, asserting economic investment as a means to safeguard U.S. interests.

Shifts in Foreign Policy

Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson had differing foreign policy views but ultimately aligned with Roosevelt's approach.
Foreign policy under Taft was marked by military intervention, particularly in Nicaragua, where he overthrew a dictator and established a U.S.-approved government.
Wilson's Moral Diplomacy criticized Taft's aggressive tactics, claiming they contradicted American Christian values and morals.
Wilson's condescending approach sometimes overshadowed his policies.

Key Concepts and Entities

Open Door Policy aimed for equal trade access in China among all nations, impacting countries like Germany, Great Britain, France, Japan, Russia, and the U.S.
Boxer Rebellion occurred in 1900, reflecting Chinese resentment towards foreign dominance.
Spheres of Influence define regions where foreign countries exert control over resources.
China incurred a payment of $333 million as punishment for the Boxer Rebellion, highlighting the consequences of nationalist unrest.
Foreign military forces, including U.S. troops, played a significant role in suppressing the Boxer Rebellion.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the Open Door Policy with these flashcards. Designed to help you understand key concepts and historical implications of the policy in the late 19th century, this quiz covers essential terms and definitions. Prepare for a deeper understanding of international relations during this pivotal era.