Questions and Answers
By the late 1800s, the European powers had begun to move into _____ and partition up the continent amongst themselves.
Asia
Potentially, the most beneficial area for ___________ was China.
trade purposes
September 1889 the U.S. Secretary of State John Hay sent a letter to the European powers that they respect the principle of...
commercial equality in China
For centuries, China had been...
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What are a group of traditional-minded Chinese called?
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After what event did the Boxers rebel, attack, and try to force foreigners from Peking?
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What were the Boxers trying to do when they rebelled and attacked as a result of Europe setting up trading legations?
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What action did the US take regarding the Boxer Rebellion?
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In July 1900, in a second Open Door note, what did John Hay instruct the nations of Europe to do?
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What did the French sell to the U.S. regarding Panama?
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Colombia ________ T.R.'s offer of $10 million and a $250,000 annual lease. T.R. then told the Panamanians that if they __________________, he would see to it that they got it.
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What happened after Panama gained independence?
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The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the _____________ and warned Latin American nations to ________________.
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Why did the French abandon the canal project before the Americans?
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What did Taft believe about U.S. economic strength?
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Who had the foreign policy of Dollar Diplomacy?
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What did the Dollar Diplomacy state?
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Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson all had different foreign policy ideas, but all eventually came to whose policy?
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What did a Nicaraguan dictator do to some American companies?
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What did Taft do regarding the Nicaraguan dictator?
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Who had the foreign policy of Moral Diplomacy?
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The Moral Diplomacy said that T.R.'s Power Politics was ________ and betrayed America's __________.
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Wilson had a tendency to be _______ and patronizing.
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Nicaragua is an example of whose foreign policy failure?
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What does the Open Door Policy to China state?
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Who were the countries that had interests in China?
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What year did the Boxer Rebellion occur?
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Spheres of Influence are areas where foreign nations control __________ in other countries.
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What was China punished with for the rebellion?
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Who stopped the Boxer Rebellion?
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Who were the Boxers?
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The Boxer Rebellion involved Chinese nationalists who were angered, rebelled, and fought against __________ involvement in China.
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Study Notes
Open Door Policy and Boxer Rebellion
- By the late 1800s, European powers partitioned Asia, negatively impacting China's closed society.
- China was viewed as a lucrative area for trade purposes.
- John Hay, U.S. Secretary of State, communicated a demand for commercial equality in China to European powers in September 1889.
- The Boxers were traditional-minded Chinese nationalists opposing foreign influence.
- The Boxer Rebellion emerged as a response to European trading legations established in China.
- The goal of the Boxers was to force foreigners out of Peking.
U.S. Intervention
- The U.S. joined European nations to quell the Boxer Rebellion by sending troops.
- In July 1900, John Hay called for the preservation of China's territorial integrity and adherence to the Open Door Policy.
Panama Canal
- The French sold their interest in Panama to the U.S. for a $250,000 annual lease; this was vital for canal construction.
- Colombia rejected a $10 million offer from the U.S., prompting President T.R. to support Panamanian independence.
- Following independence, Panama signed a canal treaty with the U.S.
Roosevelt Corollary and Dollar Diplomacy
- The Roosevelt Corollary added to the Monroe Doctrine, urging Latin American countries to stabilize their politics and finances.
- The French abandoned the Panama Canal project due to malaria and yellow fever.
- Taft promoted Dollar Diplomacy, believing in using economic strength to expand U.S. influence in Latin America.
- Dollar Diplomacy advocated for trade over military intervention, asserting economic investment as a means to safeguard U.S. interests.
Shifts in Foreign Policy
- Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson had differing foreign policy views but ultimately aligned with Roosevelt's approach.
- Foreign policy under Taft was marked by military intervention, particularly in Nicaragua, where he overthrew a dictator and established a U.S.-approved government.
- Wilson's Moral Diplomacy criticized Taft's aggressive tactics, claiming they contradicted American Christian values and morals.
- Wilson's condescending approach sometimes overshadowed his policies.
Key Concepts and Entities
- Open Door Policy aimed for equal trade access in China among all nations, impacting countries like Germany, Great Britain, France, Japan, Russia, and the U.S.
- Boxer Rebellion occurred in 1900, reflecting Chinese resentment towards foreign dominance.
- Spheres of Influence define regions where foreign countries exert control over resources.
- China incurred a payment of $333 million as punishment for the Boxer Rebellion, highlighting the consequences of nationalist unrest.
- Foreign military forces, including U.S. troops, played a significant role in suppressing the Boxer Rebellion.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Open Door Policy with these flashcards. Designed to help you understand key concepts and historical implications of the policy in the late 19th century, this quiz covers essential terms and definitions. Prepare for a deeper understanding of international relations during this pivotal era.