Open Architecture and Creative Commons

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Questions and Answers

What is the movement referred to as, which includes Creative Commons and Open Educational Resources?

Open Source Culture or Free Culture

What is the primary purpose of Creative Commons licensing?

To allow access and enable sharing, reuse, and remixing of creative works.

How many articles does Wikipedia have, and what license is it licensed under?

Over 3 million articles, licensed under Creative Commons.

What is the purpose of Open Educational Resources (OERs) and who uses them?

OERs provide free educational resources for anyone, and are used by educational institutions and individuals to raise their profile and facilitate widespread education. Signup and view all the answers

What is MIT OpenCourseWare, and how is it licensed?

MIT OpenCourseWare is a website that provides free access to MIT's course materials, licensed under Creative Commons. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), and how does it differ from traditional courses?

A MOOC is a free online course that anyone can access, with optional active participation and certification, differing from traditional courses in its open access and informal certification. Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of Open Architecture and Open Design?

They promote collaboration, innovation, and knowledge sharing, allowing users to share, reuse, and remix creative works legally. Signup and view all the answers

How do universities benefit from Open Educational Resources and MOOCs?

Universities can raise their profile and facilitate widespread education through OERs and MOOCs. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three prominent MOOC platforms that have co-opted many universities to include courses?

Coursera, edX, and Udacity Signup and view all the answers

How do MOOCs challenge traditional notions of education?

They challenge exclusive affordability and provide open access to high-end quality education Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of educational analytics in MOOCs?

It allows for a greater understanding of the learning process Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Open Source Initiative (www.opensource.org)?

To promote open source software and projects Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Creative Commons in promoting open educational resources?

To provide licensing models for open educational resources Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using open source software and Open Educational Resources?

They promote collaborative development and community engagement Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the online collaboration and learning environment developed by a group of American universities, including MIT and Stanford?

Sakai Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following open source operating systems is not mentioned in the content?

None of the above (only Linux and FreeBSD are mentioned) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary programming language used to develop Sakai?

Java Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the open source database used in critical applications by Google, Yahoo, and NASA?

mySQL Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the open source business models that involves developing customized extensions?

Developing customized extensions Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the open source office suite that is a popular alternative to Microsoft Office?

LibreOffice/OpenOffice Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the popular open source web server that is used to run the internet?

Apache Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the open source 3D animation software?

Blender Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Open Source Culture

Referred to as Open Source Culture or Free Culture
Allowing access, unlike traditional copyright which restricts access
Enables users to share, reuse, and remix creative works legally

Creative Commons

A way to license creative works, allowing others to share, reuse, and remix
Not designed for software, but for creative works like websites, courseware, music, art, design, photography, etc.

Case Study: Wikipedia

Started in 2001 by Jimmy Wales as a free online encyclopedia
Users can freely add new content and edit existing content
Over 3 million articles in many languages, licensed with Creative Commons

Open Educational Resources

Educational institutions and individuals make educational resources freely available
Universities use it to raise their profile and facilitate widespread education
Individuals develop materials based on their jobs or hobbies

Case Study: MIT OpenCourseWare

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) makes all course materials freely available
Includes syllabus, lecture notes, course videos, past exam papers, and student projects
Licensed with Creative Commons

MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses)

Offered by prominent universities and academics worldwide
Users can access course materials, observe, or actively participate and receive an informal certification

Case Study: Vula/Sakai

Vula at UCT is based on Sakai, a free and open-source online collaboration and learning environment
Developed by a group of American universities, including MIT and Stanford
Used by hundreds of institutions worldwide

Open Source Offerings

Operating Systems: Linux, FreeBSD
Office Suites: Libre Office, KOffice
Web Servers: Apache, Jetty
Databases: SQLite, mySQL, PostgresSQL
Programming Languages: Python, PHP
Misc: Blender (3D animation), GIMP (Photo/image editing), etc.

Interesting Facts

Apache, an open-source web server, is the most popular in the world
Most software used to run the internet is open-source
LibreOffice/OpenOffice is a popular alternative to Microsoft Office
Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome browsers are open-source
SQLite, a file-based open-source database, is used in Android and Apple devices

Open Source Business Models

Dual licensing, with free entry-level version and upgraded high-level version at a cost
Developing customized extensions
Service contracts featuring support
Paid-for training and learning materials

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Description

This quiz covers the Open Source Culture movement, also known as Free Culture, and its application to creative works through Creative Commons licensing.