OOAD Unit-2: Inception Phase
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Questions and Answers

What is the main objective of the inception phase in OOAD?

  • Establishing the scope of the project (correct)
  • Defining stakeholders involved in the project
  • Developing the initial set of requirements
  • Gathering data and conducting interviews

    • What activity is involved in identifying stakeholders during the inception phase?

  • Identifying users, customers, and developers involved (correct)
  • Gathering data for industry research
  • Defining project goals and objectives
  • Conducting interviews with developers

    • What is a key aspect covered in defining the scope during the inception phase?

  • Conducting interviews for industry research
  • Establishing project goals and objectives
  • Refining and modifying requirements
  • Outlining features, functionality, and limitations of the software (correct)

    • Which activity is NOT typically part of the inception phase?

    <p>Refining and modifying the software features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Inception considered an initial short step in OOAD?

    <p>To establish a common vision and basic scope for the project</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of establishing project goals and objectives during Inception in OOAD?

    <p>Defining timelines, budget, and resource requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a use case in Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD)?

    <p>To capture the functional requirements of a software system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of actors in a use case represents the main users or stakeholders who directly interact with the software system to achieve their goals?

    <p>Primary Actors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do preconditions and post conditions describe in a use case?

    <p>The conditions that must be true before and after the use case is executed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are use cases organized in a Use Case Model based on their level of abstraction?

    <p>Hierarchically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component in the basic model of a use case defines how actors use a system to accomplish a specific objective?

    <p>Use Case</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of associations in the basic model of a use case?

    <p>To define the interactions between actors and use cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do use case diagrams help in visualizing, specifying, and documenting?

    <p>The behavior of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which UML component represents the different uses that a user might have?

    <p>Actors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a use case diagram, what do stick figures represent?

    <p>Actors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a system boundary box in a use case diagram?

    <p>To set the system scope to use cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of diagram visually presents a series of actions or flow of control in a system?

    <p>Activity diagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When describing steps in a use case diagram, what represents a branching point where the flow can follow different paths based on a condition?

    <p>Decision nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symbol is used to represent merge nodes in an activity diagram?

    <p>Diamond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which node type in an activity diagram is used to split a single incoming flow into multiple concurrent flows?

    <p>Fork node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using swimlanes in an activity diagram?

    <p>To organize activities and show different actors or organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which node type in an activity diagram represents the end of a flow?

    <p>Flow final nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symbol is used to represent object nodes in an activity diagram?

    <p>Rectangle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are multiple concurrent flows joined back into a single outgoing flow in an activity diagram?

    <p>By using synchronization nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of requirements describe the specific functions and features that the software system should perform?

    <p>Functional requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of requirements specify the characteristics of the software system that are not related to its functionality but are essential for its effective operation?

    <p>Non-functional requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD), what do the requirements refer to?

    <p>Functional and non-functional needs of the software system being developed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of requirements describe the hardware and software infrastructure that the software system needs to operate correctly?

    <p>System requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Domain requirements characteristic of?

    <p>A particular category or domain of projects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of requirements describe the needs and expectations of the end-users of the software system?

    <p>User requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Inception in OOAD

    • Inception is the first phase of Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) methodology, which involves gathering information and understanding the requirements for a new software project.
    • The main objective of inception is to establish the scope of the project, identify the stakeholders, and define the initial set of requirements.
    • Inception phase involves several activities, such as:
      • Identifying the problem
      • Defining the scope
      • Identifying stakeholders
      • Establishing project goals and objectives
      • Creating the initial requirements

    Artifacts in Inception

    • Artifacts in inception are the outputs of the inception phase.
    • The common inception artifacts are:
      • Vision and Business Case
      • Use-Case Model
      • Supplementary Specification
      • Glossary
      • Risk List and Risk Management Plan
      • Prototypes and proof-of-concepts
      • Iteration Plan
      • Phase Plan and Software Development Plan
      • Development Case

    Requirements

    • Requirements are the high-level descriptions about a particular system, services, constraints, or to a detailed specification that are generated during the requirements gathering process.
    • Requirements are capabilities and conditions needed by a user to solve a problem or achieve an objective.
    • Types of requirements:
      • Functional Requirements
      • Non-Functional Requirements
    • Categories of requirements:
      • User Requirements
      • System Requirements
      • Design Requirements
      • Domain Requirements

    Use Cases and Use Case Model

    • Use cases are a technique used to capture functional requirements of a software system.
    • A use case represents a sequence of actions that the system performs in response to an external event to achieve a specific goal or objective.
    • A use case typically consists of four elements:
      • Actors
      • Use Case Name
      • Description
      • Preconditions and Postconditions
    • Use Case Model:
      • The Use-case model is defined as a model that shows how users interact with the system to solve a problem.
      • The use case model defines the user's objective, the interactions between the system and the user, and the system's behavior required to meet these objectives.

    Use Case Diagram

    • Use Case diagrams are one of the five diagrams in the UML for modeling the dynamic aspects of systems.
    • The UML provides the use case diagram to illustrate the names of use cases and actors, and the relationships between them.
    • Use case diagram components:
      • Actors
      • System
      • Goals
      • Use cases
      • Associations
    • Use case diagram symbols and notation:
      • Use cases: Horizontally shaped ovals
      • Actors: Stick figures
      • Associations: A line between actors and use cases
      • System boundary boxes: A box that sets a system scope to use cases
      • Packages: A UML shape that allows you to put different elements into groups

    Activity Diagram

    • An activity diagram visually presents a series of actions or flow of control in a system similar to a flowchart or a data flow diagram.
    • Activity diagrams are often used in business process modeling.
    • Activity diagram symbols:
      • Activity nodes: Rounded rectangles
      • Control (Activity) flow arrows: Connect the activity nodes
      • Decision nodes: Diamonds
      • Merge nodes: Diamonds
      • Swimlanes: Organize activities and show the different actors or organizations involved in the process
      • Synchronization: Fork node and join node
      • Flow final nodes: Circle with a cross inside
      • Object nodes: Rectangles

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    Description

    Explore the concept of Inception in Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) including artifacts and the initial steps involved in establishing the common vision and basic scope for a software project. Understand the importance of gathering information and defining requirements during the inception phase.

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