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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)?

Reducing symptoms of schizophrenia

Promoting general well-being

Family dynamics and history

Treating cognition/behavior with bilateral sensory input (correct)

Which type of therapy is specifically aimed at improving family dynamics?

Biomedical Therapy

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Family Systems Therapy (correct)

Which statement accurately describes the effectiveness of therapy?

Therapy has no placebo effect

General anxiety leads to a higher success rate

Satisfaction rates vary significantly across different therapies

The more identifiable the issue, the better the outcome (correct)

What purpose do antipsychotic drugs primarily serve?

Managing psychotic disorders and schizophrenia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of antidepressant drugs?

Potential side effects without dependency Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is an example of a tranquilizer?

Valium Signup and view all the answers

What method is used in Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?

Electroconvulsive stimulation three times a week for several weeks Signup and view all the answers

What does magnetic stimulation in therapy primarily involve?

Penetrating the brain's surface with external tools Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of lobotomy as a treatment method?

Permanently lethargic and uncreative behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following therapies is effective in reducing symptoms to manageable levels?

Biomedical therapies Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of psychoanalysis?

Identify and change unconscious thoughts and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

In behavior therapy, what does the term 'desensitizing' refer to?

Exposure to a fear hierarchy to reduce anxiety Signup and view all the answers

Which therapy rejects the notion of therapists as authorities?

Humanistic therapy Signup and view all the answers

What concept is central to cognitive therapy?

Dysfunctional thinking leads to dysfunctional outcomes Signup and view all the answers

In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), what is emphasized?

Focus on both cognitive patterns and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is aversive conditioning primarily concerned with?

Pairing unpleasant consequences with undesired behavior Signup and view all the answers

What does humanistic therapy emphasize?

Capacity to develop to one's fullest potential Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of counter-conditioning in behavior therapy?

Replacing a conditioned response with an opposite response Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes humanistic therapy's approach to clients?

Active listening and providing unconditional positive regard Signup and view all the answers

The goal of exposure therapy is primarily to:

Help clients engage with fears to diminish their power Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Therapy Types

Psychotherapy involves one-on-one sessions between therapists and clients, or groups or families.
Psychoanalysis aims to change thoughts and behaviors by uncovering unconscious meanings and motivations. A possible example is discussing childhood incidents related to anger to understand depression.
Behavior therapy focuses on learning in the development of normal and abnormal behaviors. Techniques include desensitizing, counter-conditioning, exposure therapy, and aversive conditioning. An example of an approach is punishing unwanted behaviors or rewarding positive ones.
Cognitive therapy addresses dysfunctional thinking patterns that lead to dysfunctional emotions or behaviors. It suggests that changing thoughts can lead to behavioral changes. Concepts include the 3 C's of Cognitive therapy (catch, check, change). Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) combines cognitive and behavioral approaches. An example in anger management is assessing emotional urges and playing out consequences. Another example focuses on thoughts that contribute to depression.
Humanistic therapy emphasizes the individual's capacity for growth and their potential to reach their maximum potential. It stresses concern and respect for others. Types of therapies including client-centered, where active listening and paraphrasing are key. Unconditional positive regard is also important. Gestalt therapy promotes organismic holism, encouraging individuals to accept responsibility for themselves, where an approach would be focusing on a person's authentic self.
Integrative or holistic therapy combines elements of other approaches.
Biomedical therapies aim to manage symptoms to make psychotherapy more effective. Examples include antipsychotic drugs (e.g., Thorazine), antidepressant drugs (e.g., Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil), tranquilizers (e.g., Valium), mood-stabilizing drugs (e.g., Lithium Carbonate), Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), Deep-brain stimulation, magnetic stimulation, and lobotomies.

Effectiveness of Therapy

The effectiveness of therapy is influenced by several factors such as the clear identification of a specific issue, patient comfort in the therapeutic relationship, the concrete nature of the problem, and therapeutic techniques.
The rates of therapy satisfaction are usually equal, but the effectiveness comes from the patient's specific issues and how clear they are.
A significant factor to consider is the placebo effect.
Regression to the mean is also a point of consideration.