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فرایند ایزوترمال چه مشخصه‌ای دارد؟
فرایند ایزوترمال چه مشخصه‌ای دارد؟
چیست قانون صفرم ترمودینامیک؟
چیست قانون صفرم ترمودینامیک؟
چه فرایندی است که در آن انرژی แต نه ماده با محیط تبادل می‌شود؟
چه فرایندی است که در آن انرژی แต نه ماده با محیط تبادل می‌شود؟
چه قانونی است که می‌گوید انتروپی یک سیستم بسته همیشه افزایش می‌یابد؟
چه قانونی است که می‌گوید انتروپی یک سیستم بسته همیشه افزایش می‌یابد؟
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فرایند آدیاباتیک چیست؟
فرایند آدیاباتیک چیست؟
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سیستم ایزوله چیست؟
سیستم ایزوله چیست؟
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Study Notes
Thermodynamics
Laws of Thermodynamics
- Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
- First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another. ΔE = Q - W, where ΔE is the change in energy, Q is the heat added, and W is the work done.
- Second Law of Thermodynamics: The total entropy of a closed system always increases over time, except in reversible processes. Entropy (S) is a measure of disorder or randomness.
- Third Law of Thermodynamics: As the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, its entropy approaches a minimum value.
Thermodynamic Systems
- Isolated System: A system that does not exchange energy or matter with its surroundings.
- Closed System: A system that exchanges energy but not matter with its surroundings.
- Open System: A system that exchanges both energy and matter with its surroundings.
Thermodynamic Processes
- Isothermal Process: A process that occurs at constant temperature.
- Adiabatic Process: A process that occurs without heat transfer.
- Isobaric Process: A process that occurs at constant pressure.
- Isochoric Process: A process that occurs at constant volume.
Thermodynamic Properties
- Internal Energy (U): The total energy of a system, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and potential energy associated with the molecular structure.
- Enthalpy (H): A measure of the total energy of a system, including internal energy and the energy associated with the pressure and volume of a system.
- Entropy (S): A measure of the disorder or randomness of a system.
- Free Energy (F): A measure of the energy available to do work in a system.
Thermodynamic Equations
- Ideal Gas Equation: PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature.
- Carnot Cycle: A theoretical cycle that represents the maximum efficiency of a heat engine.
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Description
Test your knowledge of thermodynamic laws, systems, processes, and properties. Covers Zeroth to Third Laws, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, and ideal gas equation.
