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Questions and Answers

What are some potential long-term effects of exposure to radiation hazards?

  • Increased fatigue
  • Cancer (correct)
  • Burns (correct)
  • Short-term memory loss

Which of these is considered an administrative control in laboratory safety?

  • Wearing gloves
  • Using goggles
  • Installing ventilation systems
  • Proper laboratory housekeeping practices (correct)

Which energy sources can be managed through elimination according to the hierarchy of controls?

  • Pressure and toxic energy
  • Mechanical and potential energy
  • Electrical and thermal energy
  • Chemical and radiation energy (correct)

When working with gases stored under pressure, what is crucial to ensure safety?

<p>Knowing the operating pressures and selecting the correct gauge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an engineering control in addressing laboratory hazards?

<p>Installing fume hoods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hierarchy of controls method could be used to manage hazards related to pressure?

<p>Inherent safety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT belong to the spectrum of energy hazards listed?

<p>Sound waves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of adhering to proper laboratory housekeeping?

<p>To reduce hazards and manage risks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a laboratory safety program?

<p>To recognize potential hazards and establish safe practices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What regular training is required for students working with hazardous materials?

<p>WHMIS training. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for students to understand the risks in labs?

<p>To effectively assess hazards and ensure a safe working environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does WHMIS stand for?

<p>Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be concluded about serious laboratory accidents in academia?

<p>There is a lack of adequate safety practices in academic labs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one responsibility of educational institutions regarding laboratory safety?

<p>To provide thorough safety orientation and training. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What frequency do significant lab incidents occur at universities and colleges in North America?

<p>At least once a week. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element is critical to preventing laboratory incidents according to the information?

<p>Being familiar with materials and necessary precautions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a planned inspection in a lab setting?

<p>To identify hazardous conditions and risky practices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who should participate in planned inspections?

<p>A team that may include department chairs, supervisors, and students. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Job Safety Analysis (JSA) primarily focus on?

<p>Planning, analyzing, and executing lab tasks safely. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) specified in safety programs?

<p>Safety glasses and gloves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) play in a lab health and safety program?

<p>They contain information on the risks and safe handling of materials. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can supervisors show their commitment to safety during inspections?

<p>By being visibly present and discussing safety concerns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for students to participate in planned inspections on a rotating basis?

<p>To develop skills and provide perspective on safety. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific requirement for Personal Protective Equipment in lab settings?

<p>It must be easily accessible to all students. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of Sheri Shangji's accident in the UCLA chemistry lab?

<p>Malfunctioning syringe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which safety equipment did Sheri Shangji fail to wear during her experiment?

<p>Lab coat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a contributing factor to the explosion involving Preston Brown at Texas Tech University?

<p>Inadequate assessment of chemical risks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the results of the investigation into safety training for lab workers at UCLA?

<p>Lab workers did not receive adequate safety training (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical was Preston Brown working with at Texas Tech University?

<p>Nickel hydrazine perchlorate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did professor Patrick Harran take following the incident involving Sheri Shangji?

<p>He paid $10,000 and completed community service (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system was identified as lacking in the Texas Tech University chemistry lab?

<p>A formal incident reporting system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the oversight at UCLA regarding laboratory safety?

<p>Principal investigators were not accountable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Laboratory Hazards

Potential dangers present in a lab setting, such as chemicals, equipment, or procedures.

Laboratory Risks

The likelihood of harm occurring due to a laboratory hazard.

Effective Safety Program

A comprehensive plan that identifies, assesses, and manages laboratory hazards and risks.

WHMIS

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System, a standardized system for communicating information about hazardous materials.

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Laboratory Safety Orientation

Training that introduces students to the specific hazards and safety procedures of a particular lab.

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Hierarchy of Controls

A framework for managing risks by using different types of controls, starting with the most effective:

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Energy Source

The source of energy that can cause harm in a laboratory, e.g., electricity, heat, chemicals.

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Hazard Recognition

Identifying potential hazards within a laboratory setting.

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Tert-butyllithium

An extremely hazardous liquid that ignites upon contact with air, often used in chemical research.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Specialized clothing and equipment designed to protect individuals from hazards in the laboratory, such as gloves, lab coats, and safety goggles.

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Adequate Safety Training

Instruction that covers safe handling of chemicals, equipment, and emergency procedures in a laboratory setting.

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Safety Practices Enforced

Consistent and thorough implementation of safety rules, ensuring everyone follows them.

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Principal Investigator's Responsibility

Supervisors must oversee and take responsibility for laboratory safety, ensuring proper training and procedures are in place.

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Nickel Hydrazine Perchlorate

A highly energetic chemical that can detonate when handled improperly, often used in research.

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Formal Incident Reporting System

A structured method for recording and communicating laboratory accidents, ensuring lessons are learned and future accidents are prevented.

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Effective Hazard Assessment

Identifying and understanding the specific risks associated with chemicals and procedures used in a laboratory.

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Radiation Hazards

Risks associated with exposure to various forms of radiation, including visible light, UV light, lasers, radioactive materials, and ionizing radiation. These can cause burns, cell damage, and long-term effects like cancer.

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Pressure Hazards

Risks associated with using gases and liquids stored under pressure in laboratory settings. High pressure can create a large force, requiring careful handling and knowledge of operating pressures.

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Administrative Controls

Safety measures implemented through policies, procedures, and training to manage laboratory hazards. These include proper housekeeping, safety protocols, and emergency plans.

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Engineering Controls

Physical changes to equipment or the lab environment to reduce hazards. This includes safety guards, ventilation systems, and specialized equipment.

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Elimination

The most effective hazard control, where the hazard is completely removed or eliminated. Examples include replacing dangerous chemicals with safer alternatives or removing a source of gravity.

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Inherent Safety

Designing a process or equipment to be inherently safer by reducing hazards from the design stage. This involves using materials or techniques that minimize risks.

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Apply the Hierarchy of Controls

Using the hierarchy of controls to select the appropriate control measures for specific laboratory hazards. This involves identifying the hazard, assessing the risk, and selecting the most effective controls from the pyramid.

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Lab Access Control

Policies and procedures to restrict unauthorized entry into the lab, ensuring safety and security.

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Emergency Procedures

Plans and training for handling emergencies in the lab, covering evacuations, equipment use, and first aid.

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Working Alone

Specific policies and procedures for working alone in the lab to ensure safety and support.

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Lab Safety Orientation

Initial training for new students or staff, covering lab safety rules, procedures, and emergency responses.

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FLRA (Field Level Risk Assessment)

A proactive process to assess and control hazards before starting a lab task, ensuring safety for individual or group work.

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Incident Reporting

A system for reporting and investigating lab incidents to identify causes and improve safety protocols.

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Incident Follow-up

Analyzing reported incidents to determine root causes and implement corrective actions.

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Safety Culture

A shared commitment to safety practices, where everyone understands and prioritizes safety in all lab activities.

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Planned Inspection

A scheduled review of a lab's safety procedures and conditions involving a team of personnel. It aims to proactively identify and address potential hazards and risky practices.

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Inspection Team

A group of individuals, often including faculty, staff, and students, tasked with conducting planned lab inspections. They observe lab practices, review safety documentation, and identify any potential hazards or risks.

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Purpose of Planned Inspections

Planned inspections aim to identify hazardous conditions and risky practices, promote proactive safety measures, and ensure compliance with safety regulations.

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PPE for Specific Procedures

The school should specify the personal protective equipment (PPE) to be used based on the specific procedures conducted in different labs, guided by university safety manuals or Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).

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Accessible PPE

Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be easily accessible and readily available to students in the lab to ensure their safety during all procedures.

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Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

A methodical process for planning, analyzing, and assessing the risks associated with any lab task, job, procedure, or project, ensuring safe execution.

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Safe Operating Procedures (SOPs)

SOPs are sequential instructions for safely performing lab tasks, incorporating risk control measures identified during the Job Safety Analysis (JSA).

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Safe Material Handling

The lab health and safety program should provide guidance on proper storage, handling, and disposal of lab materials, ensuring their safety and environmental protection.

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Lab Safety Program

A comprehensive plan that outlines procedures and policies to protect students and staff from hazards in a laboratory setting.

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Elements of an Effective Lab Safety Program

Ten key components that ensure a safe laboratory environment, including hazard assessments, training, and emergency procedures.

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Detailed information sheets that provide comprehensive instructions on handling, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials

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Who is Responsible for Lab Safety?

The primary responsibility for lab safety lies with the laboratory supervisor or professor. They have the authority to oversee and ensure safety practices are implemented.

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Study Notes

Laboratory Hazards and Controls

  • This module is about laboratory hazards and controls.
  • Upon completion, students should understand the elements of an effective laboratory safety program and the causes of laboratory incidents at their school.
  • Students should be able to apply energy source and hazard recognition to various lab situations.
  • They should also apply hierarchy of controls in hazardous lab settings.
  • Students should be able to identify missing elements in their school's laboratory safety program.
  • The module is not meant to replace university/college safety orientation training but rather apply hazard and risk controls to a lab environment.

Topic 1: Putting Safety First

  • Labs are often more hazardous than average workplaces.
  • Students need to be aware of potential hazards and risks in their school's labs.
  • Students should be trained in laboratory safety, and this training should include WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System) training if hazardous materials are used.
  • Each province has regulations requiring WHMIS training in workplaces.
  • Specific incidents in academic labs highlight the importance of safety training and clear safety protocols.

Topic 2: Identifying and Understanding Lab Hazards

  • A hazard is a source of potential harm, and a risk is the likelihood and severity of harm from that hazard.
  • Hazards are tied to energy sources, mechanical, chemical, electrical, or thermal energy, etc.
  • The hierarchy of controls is a method of risk management in order of descending effectiveness.
    • Elimination (remove the hazard altogether)
    • Inherent Safety (design the lab or process to reduce inherent hazards)
    • Engineering Controls (e.g., enclosed systems to prevent exposure to substances)
    • Administrative Controls (rules, training, and procedures)
    • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE, which is lower on the hierarchy of controls)
  • Approaches to hazard identification can be based on a person's experience and/or identifying energy sources.
  • Gravity, mechanical, chemical, and radiation energy are possible hazards.

Topic 3: The Elements of an Effective Laboratory Health and Safety Management Program

  • A solid program is essential to keep labs safe.
  • Ten essential elements to an effective lab safety program include:
    • Leadership
    • Hazard Identification
    • Planned Inspections
    • PPE
    • Job safety analysis and safe operating procedures
    • Safe handling of materials
    • Lab management
    • Training and records
    • Field level risk assessment (FLRA)
    • Reporting and correction of incidents
  • Training for students and lab personnel is a key element.
  • Safety information must be consistent with any regulations for material safety data sheets (MSDS) and Workplace Hazardous Materials Information Systems (WHMIS).
  • Lab management includes controlling access to labs and handling emergencies.
  • FLRA should be completed before any lab task, whether involving one student or multiple students.



    MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet): A document that provides information on the potential hazards associated with a particular chemical and how to handle, store, and dispose of it safely. 56
  • WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System): A Canadian system of legislated standards that provides information on hazardous materials in the workplace. It requires employers to label hazardous materials and provide training on their safe handling and use. 66



    Used methods in Lab: PPE and Administrative controls

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