Podcast
Questions and Answers
The period of Old English Literature lasted from 600 to ______.
The period of Old English Literature lasted from 600 to ______.
1066
The major Germanic tribes that migrated to England included the Angles, Saxons, and ______.
The major Germanic tribes that migrated to England included the Angles, Saxons, and ______.
Jutes
The Anglo-Saxon society was organized into small communities with almost no communication and ______ authority.
The Anglo-Saxon society was organized into small communities with almost no communication and ______ authority.
central
Anglo-Saxon literature, particularly poetry, was often transmitted orally by ______.
Anglo-Saxon literature, particularly poetry, was often transmitted orally by ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The belief in ______, or fate, was a central theme in Anglo-Saxon culture.
The belief in ______, or fate, was a central theme in Anglo-Saxon culture.
Signup and view all the answers
Pope Gregory the Great sent ______ to Kent to aid in the conversion to Christianity.
Pope Gregory the Great sent ______ to Kent to aid in the conversion to Christianity.
Signup and view all the answers
The manuscript that contains poems and riddles and is held at Exeter Cathedral is known as ______.
The manuscript that contains poems and riddles and is held at Exeter Cathedral is known as ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ at Brunanburh and the Battle of Maldon are key examples of Anglo-Saxon battle poetry.
The ______ at Brunanburh and the Battle of Maldon are key examples of Anglo-Saxon battle poetry.
Signup and view all the answers
Prominent works of elegiac poetry include 'Wife’s Lament' and 'The ______.'
Prominent works of elegiac poetry include 'Wife’s Lament' and 'The ______.'
Signup and view all the answers
The Heptarchy refers to the seven kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, ______, Wessex, Sussex, and Kent.
The Heptarchy refers to the seven kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, ______, Wessex, Sussex, and Kent.
Signup and view all the answers
Wordsworth described poetry as the overflow of spontaneous ______.
Wordsworth described poetry as the overflow of spontaneous ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The Lake Poets, including Wordsworth and Coleridge, chose to live in ______ District.
The Lake Poets, including Wordsworth and Coleridge, chose to live in ______ District.
Signup and view all the answers
Coleridge had a controversial approach to poetry, often dealing with mysterious and ______ themes.
Coleridge had a controversial approach to poetry, often dealing with mysterious and ______ themes.
Signup and view all the answers
In contrast to Coleridge, Wordsworth focused on simple objects in nature and aimed for accessibility in his ______.
In contrast to Coleridge, Wordsworth focused on simple objects in nature and aimed for accessibility in his ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Byron wrote philosophical poems that often reflected on ______ events.
Byron wrote philosophical poems that often reflected on ______ events.
Signup and view all the answers
Percy Bysshe Shelley was expelled from university for writing an essay on ______.
Percy Bysshe Shelley was expelled from university for writing an essay on ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Jonathan SWIFT is well known for his work titled ______.
Jonathan SWIFT is well known for his work titled ______.
Signup and view all the answers
John Keats is known for his short, meditative poems called ______.
John Keats is known for his short, meditative poems called ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The rise of the English Novel began in the early ______.
The rise of the English Novel began in the early ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Romanticism was a movement that emerged in opposition to ______, emphasizing emotion and individualism.
Romanticism was a movement that emerged in opposition to ______, emphasizing emotion and individualism.
Signup and view all the answers
A major contributor to the rise of the novel was the improved ______ industry.
A major contributor to the rise of the novel was the improved ______ industry.
Signup and view all the answers
Daniel DEFOE's famous work is ______, published in 1719.
Daniel DEFOE's famous work is ______, published in 1719.
Signup and view all the answers
The 18th century novel was characterized by detailed, realistic, and ______ prose.
The 18th century novel was characterized by detailed, realistic, and ______ prose.
Signup and view all the answers
The sentiment that humans are instinctively moral is attributed to ______.
The sentiment that humans are instinctively moral is attributed to ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Samuel RICHARDSON's epistolary novel is known as ______.
Samuel RICHARDSON's epistolary novel is known as ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Henry FIELDING wrote ______, a satirical response to Pamela.
Henry FIELDING wrote ______, a satirical response to Pamela.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ novel is a genre characterized by a rogue protagonist navigating various adventures.
The ______ novel is a genre characterized by a rogue protagonist navigating various adventures.
Signup and view all the answers
Romanticism emphasizes ______ over reason.
Romanticism emphasizes ______ over reason.
Signup and view all the answers
Sir Orfeo originates from ______, which is known for its Celtic features.
Sir Orfeo originates from ______, which is known for its Celtic features.
Signup and view all the answers
The arrival of the Normans brought a strong ______ system to Britain.
The arrival of the Normans brought a strong ______ system to Britain.
Signup and view all the answers
The Domesday Book is considered the first ______ record in England.
The Domesday Book is considered the first ______ record in England.
Signup and view all the answers
Behn’s novel combines several genres including medieval romance and _____ epic.
Behn’s novel combines several genres including medieval romance and _____ epic.
Signup and view all the answers
The Norman Conquest in 1066 was led by ______ at the Battle of Hastings.
The Norman Conquest in 1066 was led by ______ at the Battle of Hastings.
Signup and view all the answers
Middle English literature experienced a revival of ______, reflecting a shift towards English identity.
Middle English literature experienced a revival of ______, reflecting a shift towards English identity.
Signup and view all the answers
Daniel Defoe's character Robinson Crusoe reflects the idea of a _____ due to his adventures on a deserted island.
Daniel Defoe's character Robinson Crusoe reflects the idea of a _____ due to his adventures on a deserted island.
Signup and view all the answers
The phrase 'hope springs _____' is attributed to Alexander Pope in his work Essay on Man.
The phrase 'hope springs _____' is attributed to Alexander Pope in his work Essay on Man.
Signup and view all the answers
Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his work 'The ______ Tales', which showcases various stories and characters.
Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his work 'The ______ Tales', which showcases various stories and characters.
Signup and view all the answers
Samuel Richardson's Clarissa details the correspondence between Clarissa Harlowe and her friend _____ Howe.
Samuel Richardson's Clarissa details the correspondence between Clarissa Harlowe and her friend _____ Howe.
Signup and view all the answers
The literary style characterized by the use of rhyme and meter under Norman influence is known as ______ romances.
The literary style characterized by the use of rhyme and meter under Norman influence is known as ______ romances.
Signup and view all the answers
In Medieval England, the church served as a source of ______ and authority in society.
In Medieval England, the church served as a source of ______ and authority in society.
Signup and view all the answers
Alexander Pope's writing style is characterized by a balanced poetic form known as _____ couplet.
Alexander Pope's writing style is characterized by a balanced poetic form known as _____ couplet.
Signup and view all the answers
In the 14th century, the poem 'The Vision Concerning ______ Plowman' criticized societal corruption.
In the 14th century, the poem 'The Vision Concerning ______ Plowman' criticized societal corruption.
Signup and view all the answers
Jonathan Swift's Gulliver spent much of Queen Anne's reign _____, reflecting his exile under the Tories.
Jonathan Swift's Gulliver spent much of Queen Anne's reign _____, reflecting his exile under the Tories.
Signup and view all the answers
The conflict between England and France known as the ______ Years' War lasted from 1338 to 1453.
The conflict between England and France known as the ______ Years' War lasted from 1338 to 1453.
Signup and view all the answers
In Defoe's narrative, the character Crusoe believes that 'good is everything _____'.
In Defoe's narrative, the character Crusoe believes that 'good is everything _____'.
Signup and view all the answers
Clarissa’s brother is seen as a representation of Stuart James II by the _____ opposition.
Clarissa’s brother is seen as a representation of Stuart James II by the _____ opposition.
Signup and view all the answers
Robinson Crusoe's departure in _____ marked the beginning of his transformative journey.
Robinson Crusoe's departure in _____ marked the beginning of his transformative journey.
Signup and view all the answers
The _____ poets and writers of the 18th century explored themes of nature and emotional expression, leading to the Pre-Romantic movement.
The _____ poets and writers of the 18th century explored themes of nature and emotional expression, leading to the Pre-Romantic movement.
Signup and view all the answers
According to the moral sense theory, people are born ______ because God creates only good things.
According to the moral sense theory, people are born ______ because God creates only good things.
Signup and view all the answers
The new social ideal during this period was the ______ savage, representing uneducated people in their natural state.
The new social ideal during this period was the ______ savage, representing uneducated people in their natural state.
Signup and view all the answers
Thomas Gray is best known for his poem '______ Written in a Country Churchyard,' which reflects on mortality.
Thomas Gray is best known for his poem '______ Written in a Country Churchyard,' which reflects on mortality.
Signup and view all the answers
In Romantic literature, there is an emphasis on the ______, individuality, and a naturalistic approach to creativity.
In Romantic literature, there is an emphasis on the ______, individuality, and a naturalistic approach to creativity.
Signup and view all the answers
William Blake's works are often contrasted between 'Songs of ______' and 'Songs of Experience'.
William Blake's works are often contrasted between 'Songs of ______' and 'Songs of Experience'.
Signup and view all the answers
James Macpherson claimed that his collected poems were oral poetry composed by ______ in the 3rd century.
James Macpherson claimed that his collected poems were oral poetry composed by ______ in the 3rd century.
Signup and view all the answers
Diderot believed that bad education was the root cause of our ______ nature.
Diderot believed that bad education was the root cause of our ______ nature.
Signup and view all the answers
Romanticism emerged as a revolt against classical ______, morality, and authority.
Romanticism emerged as a revolt against classical ______, morality, and authority.
Signup and view all the answers
Robert Burns is known as 'the chronicler of ______ life', capturing the essence of Scottish culture in his poetry.
Robert Burns is known as 'the chronicler of ______ life', capturing the essence of Scottish culture in his poetry.
Signup and view all the answers
The period discussed spans from roughly 1770 to ______, marking the height of Romanticism.
The period discussed spans from roughly 1770 to ______, marking the height of Romanticism.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ established monasteries in Northumbria and Mercia.
The ______ established monasteries in Northumbria and Mercia.
Signup and view all the answers
CAEDMON is known for his creation of ______ Hymn.
CAEDMON is known for his creation of ______ Hymn.
Signup and view all the answers
Bede VENERABILIS authored the ______ Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum.
Bede VENERABILIS authored the ______ Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum.
Signup and view all the answers
The massive stone cross known as the ______ Cross contains a runic poem.
The massive stone cross known as the ______ Cross contains a runic poem.
Signup and view all the answers
King ______ of Wessex is noted for his military and cultural achievements.
King ______ of Wessex is noted for his military and cultural achievements.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ Chronicle began in 890 and covers history up to the Norman Conquest.
The ______ Chronicle began in 890 and covers history up to the Norman Conquest.
Signup and view all the answers
The Viking raids led to the establishment of the ______, representing Danish control in England.
The Viking raids led to the establishment of the ______, representing Danish control in England.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ Conquest in 1066 brought significant French influence to England.
The ______ Conquest in 1066 brought significant French influence to England.
Signup and view all the answers
After the Conquest, English became the language of the ______ class.
After the Conquest, English became the language of the ______ class.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ Book was the first record of economic resources in England.
The ______ Book was the first record of economic resources in England.
Signup and view all the answers
Heroic epics such as ______ reflect the values and narratives of Anglo-Saxon culture.
Heroic epics such as ______ reflect the values and narratives of Anglo-Saxon culture.
Signup and view all the answers
Chansons de geste influenced the development of ______ romances in English literature.
Chansons de geste influenced the development of ______ romances in English literature.
Signup and view all the answers
The popular narrative of King Arthur is celebrated in ______ literature, like Layamon's Historia Brutonum.
The popular narrative of King Arthur is celebrated in ______ literature, like Layamon's Historia Brutonum.
Signup and view all the answers
Debates in medieval literature often involved fictional discussions regarding ______ dilemmas.
Debates in medieval literature often involved fictional discussions regarding ______ dilemmas.
Signup and view all the answers
John Milton is known for writing ______, which gave England its own heroic epic.
John Milton is known for writing ______, which gave England its own heroic epic.
Signup and view all the answers
The Pilgrim's Progress, written by ______, is a Christian allegorical prose that inspired the novel genre.
The Pilgrim's Progress, written by ______, is a Christian allegorical prose that inspired the novel genre.
Signup and view all the answers
The literary movement in the early 17th century characterized by complex metaphysical themes is known as ______ poetry.
The literary movement in the early 17th century characterized by complex metaphysical themes is known as ______ poetry.
Signup and view all the answers
During the Restoration period, ______ II was restored to the throne after the fall of Oliver Cromwell.
During the Restoration period, ______ II was restored to the throne after the fall of Oliver Cromwell.
Signup and view all the answers
Edmund Spenser's notable work, ______ Queene, is famous for its unique stanza form and Elizabethan themes.
Edmund Spenser's notable work, ______ Queene, is famous for its unique stanza form and Elizabethan themes.
Signup and view all the answers
The first recorded instance of people dressing up to perform in front of an audience occurred in ______ drama.
The first recorded instance of people dressing up to perform in front of an audience occurred in ______ drama.
Signup and view all the answers
The work of ______ is considered an ideal example of Puritan literature, focusing on moral and religious themes.
The work of ______ is considered an ideal example of Puritan literature, focusing on moral and religious themes.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ plays retell biblical stories and were performed by guilds controlled by the church.
The ______ plays retell biblical stories and were performed by guilds controlled by the church.
Signup and view all the answers
______ is a prominent Cavalier poet known for celebrating the pleasures of life.
______ is a prominent Cavalier poet known for celebrating the pleasures of life.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ was a time when Charles I was executed and his son went into exile.
The ______ was a time when Charles I was executed and his son went into exile.
Signup and view all the answers
The significant work, ______, introduced the sonnet to English literature.
The significant work, ______, introduced the sonnet to English literature.
Signup and view all the answers
In the late 16th century, Sir Philip Sidney's ______ is considered a notable sonnet sequence.
In the late 16th century, Sir Philip Sidney's ______ is considered a notable sonnet sequence.
Signup and view all the answers
Thomas ______ was known for writing Le Morte de Arthur.
Thomas ______ was known for writing Le Morte de Arthur.
Signup and view all the answers
The figure of ______ I is marked by absolutist politics and conflicts with Parliament.
The figure of ______ I is marked by absolutist politics and conflicts with Parliament.
Signup and view all the answers
William ______ was recognized as the first printer in England.
William ______ was recognized as the first printer in England.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ period marked a shift in theater from church to public performances.
The ______ period marked a shift in theater from church to public performances.
Signup and view all the answers
The War of ______ occurred between the houses of York and Lancaster.
The War of ______ occurred between the houses of York and Lancaster.
Signup and view all the answers
Geoffrey ______ is often hailed as the father of English literature.
Geoffrey ______ is often hailed as the father of English literature.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ of the Roses ended in 1485.
The ______ of the Roses ended in 1485.
Signup and view all the answers
John ______ initiated the first translation of the whole Bible in England.
John ______ initiated the first translation of the whole Bible in England.
Signup and view all the answers
The character in 'The Wife of Bath's Tale' seeks to learn what women want most in the world from the ______.
The character in 'The Wife of Bath's Tale' seeks to learn what women want most in the world from the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
In the 16th century, the ______ dynasty ruled England.
In the 16th century, the ______ dynasty ruled England.
Signup and view all the answers
Renaissance humanism emphasized the importance of the ______ and earthly existence.
Renaissance humanism emphasized the importance of the ______ and earthly existence.
Signup and view all the answers
Geoffrey Chaucer was influenced by French literature in his work 'The Book of the ______'.
Geoffrey Chaucer was influenced by French literature in his work 'The Book of the ______'.
Signup and view all the answers
'Le Morte de Arthur' was printed posthumously by ______.
'Le Morte de Arthur' was printed posthumously by ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ of the Rood presents a shift from resurrection themes to crucifixion in literature.
The ______ of the Rood presents a shift from resurrection themes to crucifixion in literature.
Signup and view all the answers
Chattel, derived from Old French, means 'property' and initially referred to ______.
Chattel, derived from Old French, means 'property' and initially referred to ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The 14th-century author William ______ wrote 'The Vision Concerning Piers Plowman'.
The 14th-century author William ______ wrote 'The Vision Concerning Piers Plowman'.
Signup and view all the answers
During the Tudor period, England experienced relative stability due in part to ______ triumph.
During the Tudor period, England experienced relative stability due in part to ______ triumph.
Signup and view all the answers
Charles II’s Restoration led to the establishment of a constitutional ______
Charles II’s Restoration led to the establishment of a constitutional ______
Signup and view all the answers
The economy during this period was heavily reliant on ______
The economy during this period was heavily reliant on ______
Signup and view all the answers
In 1679, Parliament was divided into two wings: the Whigs and the ______
In 1679, Parliament was divided into two wings: the Whigs and the ______
Signup and view all the answers
Classicism was influenced by the import of French ______ culture during the Restoration.
Classicism was influenced by the import of French ______ culture during the Restoration.
Signup and view all the answers
Classicism emphasized a true presentation of ______ and nature.
Classicism emphasized a true presentation of ______ and nature.
Signup and view all the answers
The world was viewed as a ______ mechanism, ruled by precise laws.
The world was viewed as a ______ mechanism, ruled by precise laws.
Signup and view all the answers
Anatomy suggests that the physical universe can be understood and controlled by humans; similarly, the human body can be appreciated by ______ and sculptors.
Anatomy suggests that the physical universe can be understood and controlled by humans; similarly, the human body can be appreciated by ______ and sculptors.
Signup and view all the answers
Augustan authors sought to imitate the period of ______ Augustus.
Augustan authors sought to imitate the period of ______ Augustus.
Signup and view all the answers
Alexander Pope is known for his translations of the ______ and Odyssey.
Alexander Pope is known for his translations of the ______ and Odyssey.
Signup and view all the answers
The Reformation emphasized a direct link between people and ______, moving away from Rome's influence.
The Reformation emphasized a direct link between people and ______, moving away from Rome's influence.
Signup and view all the answers
Henry VIII established the Church of ______ in 1534.
Henry VIII established the Church of ______ in 1534.
Signup and view all the answers
The Enlightenment saw a rise in rationalist philosophy, notably represented by ______ Locke.
The Enlightenment saw a rise in rationalist philosophy, notably represented by ______ Locke.
Signup and view all the answers
Francesco Petrarch, known as the father of ______, influenced early Renaissance poetry.
Francesco Petrarch, known as the father of ______, influenced early Renaissance poetry.
Signup and view all the answers
Efficient print technology allowed for more books to be produced at a ______ cost.
Efficient print technology allowed for more books to be produced at a ______ cost.
Signup and view all the answers
Edmund Spenser's 'The Faerie Queene' is known for its epic stories set in a ______.
Edmund Spenser's 'The Faerie Queene' is known for its epic stories set in a ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Joseph Addison and Richard Steele co-founded the journal called ______.
Joseph Addison and Richard Steele co-founded the journal called ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Sir Philip Sidney's 'Astrophel and Stella' triggered a ______-year sonnet fever in the 1590s.
Sir Philip Sidney's 'Astrophel and Stella' triggered a ______-year sonnet fever in the 1590s.
Signup and view all the answers
Satire during this period often highlighted moral concerns and aimed at ______ societal vices.
Satire during this period often highlighted moral concerns and aimed at ______ societal vices.
Signup and view all the answers
Denis Diderot is known for his role in creating ______, a comprehensive compilation of knowledge.
Denis Diderot is known for his role in creating ______, a comprehensive compilation of knowledge.
Signup and view all the answers
Francis Bacon is known for promoting the new scientific method based on ______.
Francis Bacon is known for promoting the new scientific method based on ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Dr. Samuel Johnson authored A Dictionary of the English ______.
Dr. Samuel Johnson authored A Dictionary of the English ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The King James Bible was authorized by King ______ and involved extensive collaboration.
The King James Bible was authorized by King ______ and involved extensive collaboration.
Signup and view all the answers
John Lyly's work 'Euphues: The Anatomy of Wit' is noted for its complex ______.
John Lyly's work 'Euphues: The Anatomy of Wit' is noted for its complex ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The English Shakespearean sonnet consists of 14 lines with a rhyme scheme of ______.
The English Shakespearean sonnet consists of 14 lines with a rhyme scheme of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
During the early 17th century, James I promoted an ______ monarchy.
During the early 17th century, James I promoted an ______ monarchy.
Signup and view all the answers
The Civil War literature was characterized by the emergence of Cavalier poets, associated with aristocratic ______.
The Civil War literature was characterized by the emergence of Cavalier poets, associated with aristocratic ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Metaphysical poetry explores rational inquiries into questions beyond human ______.
Metaphysical poetry explores rational inquiries into questions beyond human ______.
Signup and view all the answers
John Donne, a famous metaphysical poet, is known for his ______ and religious poetry.
John Donne, a famous metaphysical poet, is known for his ______ and religious poetry.
Signup and view all the answers
The period of the English Civil War (1642-49) led to the execution of Charles I and the rise of ______.
The period of the English Civil War (1642-49) led to the execution of Charles I and the rise of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The experience of the ______ is evoked through strong negative emotions.
The experience of the ______ is evoked through strong negative emotions.
Signup and view all the answers
The setting of Gothic novels often includes a ______ landscape.
The setting of Gothic novels often includes a ______ landscape.
Signup and view all the answers
Characters in Gothic literature are often driven by ______ and revenge.
Characters in Gothic literature are often driven by ______ and revenge.
Signup and view all the answers
Gothic novels often feature a suffering innocent ______ who is kidnapped.
Gothic novels often feature a suffering innocent ______ who is kidnapped.
Signup and view all the answers
The presence of ______ and supernatural objects adds to the suspense of Gothic narratives.
The presence of ______ and supernatural objects adds to the suspense of Gothic narratives.
Signup and view all the answers
Gothic novels typically convey a ______ atmosphere filled with evil deeds.
Gothic novels typically convey a ______ atmosphere filled with evil deeds.
Signup and view all the answers
Romanticism emphasizes the arousal of negative ______.
Romanticism emphasizes the arousal of negative ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The Gothic novel often acts as a critique of corrupted ______, men, and clerics.
The Gothic novel often acts as a critique of corrupted ______, men, and clerics.
Signup and view all the answers
Early Gothic writers like Horace ______ introduced key themes of the genre.
Early Gothic writers like Horace ______ introduced key themes of the genre.
Signup and view all the answers
In the 19th century, notable Gothic writers included Mary ______ and Bram Stoker.
In the 19th century, notable Gothic writers included Mary ______ and Bram Stoker.
Signup and view all the answers
Morality plays feature characters that represent abstract qualities like ______ and virtue.
Morality plays feature characters that represent abstract qualities like ______ and virtue.
Signup and view all the answers
The Gothic novel often includes elements of ______, such as imprisonment and murder.
The Gothic novel often includes elements of ______, such as imprisonment and murder.
Signup and view all the answers
Aphra Behn's 'Oroonoko' is sometimes considered the earliest English ______.
Aphra Behn's 'Oroonoko' is sometimes considered the earliest English ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The play 'Everyman' is about a man who is dying and his qualities leave him except for his good ______.
The play 'Everyman' is about a man who is dying and his qualities leave him except for his good ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The narrative style of early novels often involved a mix of ______ genres.
The narrative style of early novels often involved a mix of ______ genres.
Signup and view all the answers
The Elizabethan period is known as the climax of English ______.
The Elizabethan period is known as the climax of English ______.
Signup and view all the answers
During the 16th century, religious plays were banned leading to the rise of ______ plays.
During the 16th century, religious plays were banned leading to the rise of ______ plays.
Signup and view all the answers
The character Robinson Crusoe embodies the rational, civilized, and ______ ideals of the 18th century.
The character Robinson Crusoe embodies the rational, civilized, and ______ ideals of the 18th century.
Signup and view all the answers
Gothic literature often features ______ themes, creating a chilling atmosphere.
Gothic literature often features ______ themes, creating a chilling atmosphere.
Signup and view all the answers
Censorship was introduced to control content and prevent plays from becoming a ______ tool.
Censorship was introduced to control content and prevent plays from becoming a ______ tool.
Signup and view all the answers
The first permanent theatres built during this time included The ______, built by James Burbage.
The first permanent theatres built during this time included The ______, built by James Burbage.
Signup and view all the answers
The Globe theatre, home to Lord Chamberlain’s Men, was constructed in ______.
The Globe theatre, home to Lord Chamberlain’s Men, was constructed in ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Tragedies during this period often depicted revenge and blood, unlike the ______ theatre where violence wasn't shown on stage.
Tragedies during this period often depicted revenge and blood, unlike the ______ theatre where violence wasn't shown on stage.
Signup and view all the answers
Thomas Kyd is known for introducing blood and cruelty in his play titled ______.
Thomas Kyd is known for introducing blood and cruelty in his play titled ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Gender roles of the time often depicted males as ______ over females.
Gender roles of the time often depicted males as ______ over females.
Signup and view all the answers
In terms of sexuality, male bodies were seen as active while female bodies were viewed as vessels for ______.
In terms of sexuality, male bodies were seen as active while female bodies were viewed as vessels for ______.
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of colonialism, new lands were often viewed as ______ or primitive.
In the context of colonialism, new lands were often viewed as ______ or primitive.
Signup and view all the answers
The concept of ______ was often linked to kinship, behavior, and status of birth.
The concept of ______ was often linked to kinship, behavior, and status of birth.
Signup and view all the answers
The Master of Revels was responsible for reading and controlling the ______ of plays.
The Master of Revels was responsible for reading and controlling the ______ of plays.
Signup and view all the answers
Queen Victoria reigned from ______ to 1901.
Queen Victoria reigned from ______ to 1901.
Signup and view all the answers
The British Empire was known for the phrase '______ never sets' due to its vast territorial reach.
The British Empire was known for the phrase '______ never sets' due to its vast territorial reach.
Signup and view all the answers
The Theory of ______ was proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859, challenging traditional religious beliefs.
The Theory of ______ was proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859, challenging traditional religious beliefs.
Signup and view all the answers
The Great Exhibition in 1851 was held in the Crystal Palace, which was made of ______ and steel.
The Great Exhibition in 1851 was held in the Crystal Palace, which was made of ______ and steel.
Signup and view all the answers
The rise of industry led to the growth of the ______ classes in Victorian Britain.
The rise of industry led to the growth of the ______ classes in Victorian Britain.
Signup and view all the answers
Oscar Wilde is associated with the concept of '______ for Art's Sake', emphasizing aesthetic beauty.
Oscar Wilde is associated with the concept of '______ for Art's Sake', emphasizing aesthetic beauty.
Signup and view all the answers
Lord Alfred Tennyson was the Poet ______ of Queen Victoria.
Lord Alfred Tennyson was the Poet ______ of Queen Victoria.
Signup and view all the answers
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood sought to revive ______ art, opposing mainstream Victorian ideals.
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood sought to revive ______ art, opposing mainstream Victorian ideals.
Signup and view all the answers
Steam power contributed significantly to the expansion of ______ networks during the Victorian period.
Steam power contributed significantly to the expansion of ______ networks during the Victorian period.
Signup and view all the answers
In the 1850s, London was described as 'the richest and ______, best-lighted and best drained city in the world'.
In the 1850s, London was described as 'the richest and ______, best-lighted and best drained city in the world'.
Signup and view all the answers
Victorian literature often reflected themes of ______, conservatism, and traditional family values.
Victorian literature often reflected themes of ______, conservatism, and traditional family values.
Signup and view all the answers
The poem 'Dover Beach' was written by ______ Arnold.
The poem 'Dover Beach' was written by ______ Arnold.
Signup and view all the answers
G.B. Shaw was a prominent playwright and a member of the ______ Society.
G.B. Shaw was a prominent playwright and a member of the ______ Society.
Signup and view all the answers
Robert Browning is known for his use of ______ monologue in poetry.
Robert Browning is known for his use of ______ monologue in poetry.
Signup and view all the answers
The new social ideal of the noble savage represents uneducated people living in harmony with ______.
The new social ideal of the noble savage represents uneducated people living in harmony with ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The Gothic novel was a main channel for exploring themes of mystical ______ and spirituality.
The Gothic novel was a main channel for exploring themes of mystical ______ and spirituality.
Signup and view all the answers
William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge collaborated on the first publication of ______ in 1798.
William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge collaborated on the first publication of ______ in 1798.
Signup and view all the answers
The character of Marianne Dashwood in Sense and Sensibility represents an emotional and ______ view of the natural world.
The character of Marianne Dashwood in Sense and Sensibility represents an emotional and ______ view of the natural world.
Signup and view all the answers
The poem 'The Giaour' by Lord Byron addresses the clash of worldviews between ______ and Christian.
The poem 'The Giaour' by Lord Byron addresses the clash of worldviews between ______ and Christian.
Signup and view all the answers
Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein' deals with themes of crime and ______.
Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein' deals with themes of crime and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The romantic view of ______ emphasized the restorative ability of nature.
The romantic view of ______ emphasized the restorative ability of nature.
Signup and view all the answers
John Keats is known for his short meditative and contemplative poems called ______.
John Keats is known for his short meditative and contemplative poems called ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Ann Radcliffe wrote 'The Mysteries of ______,' a hallmark of Gothic literature.
Ann Radcliffe wrote 'The Mysteries of ______,' a hallmark of Gothic literature.
Signup and view all the answers
The term ______ refers to a pleasurably terrifying experience often found in romantically Gothic literature.
The term ______ refers to a pleasurably terrifying experience often found in romantically Gothic literature.
Signup and view all the answers
William Godwin's philosophical ideas on crime and virtue influenced his daughter Mary ______.
William Godwin's philosophical ideas on crime and virtue influenced his daughter Mary ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The decline of Britain’s power after 1945 was partly due to the weakened economy caused by the ______.
The decline of Britain’s power after 1945 was partly due to the weakened economy caused by the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
In 'Sense and Sensibility,' Elinor Dashwood represents the importance of ______ and reflection.
In 'Sense and Sensibility,' Elinor Dashwood represents the importance of ______ and reflection.
Signup and view all the answers
Kitchen sink drama focused on realistic features and the life of the ______ class.
Kitchen sink drama focused on realistic features and the life of the ______ class.
Signup and view all the answers
The Romantic Period emphasized mysticism over ______.
The Romantic Period emphasized mysticism over ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The Royal Court Theatre has been considered a ‘Mecca’ for non-mainstream artists since the ______.
The Royal Court Theatre has been considered a ‘Mecca’ for non-mainstream artists since the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Samuel Beckett is noted for his work 'Waiting for ______'.
Samuel Beckett is noted for his work 'Waiting for ______'.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ Report of 1942 aimed to create the Welfare State in Britain.
The ______ Report of 1942 aimed to create the Welfare State in Britain.
Signup and view all the answers
The cultural movement that emerged post-1945 emphasized material comfort and ______.
The cultural movement that emerged post-1945 emphasized material comfort and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Joe Orton was known for his plays like 'Entertaining Mrs ______'.
Joe Orton was known for his plays like 'Entertaining Mrs ______'.
Signup and view all the answers
By the end of the 1960s, capital punishment was ______ in Britain.
By the end of the 1960s, capital punishment was ______ in Britain.
Signup and view all the answers
Post-war ethnic literature in Britain often dealt with themes of ______, assimilation, and identity.
Post-war ethnic literature in Britain often dealt with themes of ______, assimilation, and identity.
Signup and view all the answers
The Theatre of the Absurd is characterized by its ______ philosophy and nonsensical elements.
The Theatre of the Absurd is characterized by its ______ philosophy and nonsensical elements.
Signup and view all the answers
Charles I believed in the divine rights of ______.
Charles I believed in the divine rights of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The period of ______ lasted from 1649 to 1660 when England was not a kingdom.
The period of ______ lasted from 1649 to 1660 when England was not a kingdom.
Signup and view all the answers
Oliver Cromwell referred to himself as the 'lord ______'.
Oliver Cromwell referred to himself as the 'lord ______'.
Signup and view all the answers
After Oliver Cromwell's death, ______ II restored to the throne.
After Oliver Cromwell's death, ______ II restored to the throne.
Signup and view all the answers
The Restoration drama is known for its adaptations of ______ plays.
The Restoration drama is known for its adaptations of ______ plays.
Signup and view all the answers
In the 18th century, sentimental comedies often featured ______ protagonists.
In the 18th century, sentimental comedies often featured ______ protagonists.
Signup and view all the answers
G.B. Shaw is known for being a prominent ______ playwright.
G.B. Shaw is known for being a prominent ______ playwright.
Signup and view all the answers
Oscar Wilde's ideology emphasized 'Art for ______'s sake'.
Oscar Wilde's ideology emphasized 'Art for ______'s sake'.
Signup and view all the answers
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood reacted against ______ and materialism.
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood reacted against ______ and materialism.
Signup and view all the answers
Charlotte Bronte's 'Jane Eyre' is a powerful example of a ______ novel.
Charlotte Bronte's 'Jane Eyre' is a powerful example of a ______ novel.
Signup and view all the answers
In 'Bleak House', Charles Dickens creates a fog that symbolizes the ______ of society.
In 'Bleak House', Charles Dickens creates a fog that symbolizes the ______ of society.
Signup and view all the answers
In 'The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde', the character Hyde represents Jekyll's ______ side.
In 'The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde', the character Hyde represents Jekyll's ______ side.
Signup and view all the answers
Lizzie from 'Goblin Market' is seen as a ______ figure to save her sister.
Lizzie from 'Goblin Market' is seen as a ______ figure to save her sister.
Signup and view all the answers
Wilde's play 'The Importance of Being Earnest' is a satire of ______ society.
Wilde's play 'The Importance of Being Earnest' is a satire of ______ society.
Signup and view all the answers
The British Empire was often said to be where ______ never sets.
The British Empire was often said to be where ______ never sets.
Signup and view all the answers
The population of Britain increased from 8 million in 1800 to ______ million in 1900.
The population of Britain increased from 8 million in 1800 to ______ million in 1900.
Signup and view all the answers
The invention of the steam engine by ______ contributed significantly to the industrial growth.
The invention of the steam engine by ______ contributed significantly to the industrial growth.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ Palace was built in 1851 for the Great Exhibition, showcasing Britain's advancements.
The ______ Palace was built in 1851 for the Great Exhibition, showcasing Britain's advancements.
Signup and view all the answers
Charles Darwin published 'Origin of Species' in ______.
Charles Darwin published 'Origin of Species' in ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Victorian literature often featured ______ values, emphasizing family and hard work.
Victorian literature often featured ______ values, emphasizing family and hard work.
Signup and view all the answers
The literary contribution of Charles Dickens often focused on the struggles of the ______ class.
The literary contribution of Charles Dickens often focused on the struggles of the ______ class.
Signup and view all the answers
William Makepeace Thackeray’s novel '______ Fair' is known for having no hero.
William Makepeace Thackeray’s novel '______ Fair' is known for having no hero.
Signup and view all the answers
Charlotte Brontë wrote the novel '______ Eyre', a significant work of Victorian literature.
Charlotte Brontë wrote the novel '______ Eyre', a significant work of Victorian literature.
Signup and view all the answers
George Eliot's real name was ______.
George Eliot's real name was ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Thomas Hardy's works often presented the conflict between ______ life and urban evil.
Thomas Hardy's works often presented the conflict between ______ life and urban evil.
Signup and view all the answers
Naturalism in literature depicts man as a ______ driven by emotions.
Naturalism in literature depicts man as a ______ driven by emotions.
Signup and view all the answers
Victorian poetry often included themes of ______ criticism and social observation.
Victorian poetry often included themes of ______ criticism and social observation.
Signup and view all the answers
Eliot's 'The Waste Land' serves as a lament for the spiritual death of Western civilization caused by the ______.
Eliot's 'The Waste Land' serves as a lament for the spiritual death of Western civilization caused by the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Virginia Woolf's 'Mrs Dalloway' critiques class inequalities and the different social roles of ______.
Virginia Woolf's 'Mrs Dalloway' critiques class inequalities and the different social roles of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The 1926 General ______ was a significant event reflecting the economic problems in Britain after the Great War.
The 1926 General ______ was a significant event reflecting the economic problems in Britain after the Great War.
Signup and view all the answers
Aldous Huxley's 'Brave New World' is a notable example of a ______ novel addressing themes of dehumanization.
Aldous Huxley's 'Brave New World' is a notable example of a ______ novel addressing themes of dehumanization.
Signup and view all the answers
George Orwell, originally known as Eric Blair, wrote 'Animal Farm' as an allegory for ______.
George Orwell, originally known as Eric Blair, wrote 'Animal Farm' as an allegory for ______.
Signup and view all the answers
After 1945, Britain faced a decline in ______ power, leading to decolonization and migration.
After 1945, Britain faced a decline in ______ power, leading to decolonization and migration.
Signup and view all the answers
The Beveridge Report of 1942 aimed to create a policy of 'Welfare State' to support the socially ______.
The Beveridge Report of 1942 aimed to create a policy of 'Welfare State' to support the socially ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The period known as _____ emphasizes experimental writing techniques and modernism.
The period known as _____ emphasizes experimental writing techniques and modernism.
Signup and view all the answers
Writers like J. Joyce and V. Woolf are associated with _____ literature.
Writers like J. Joyce and V. Woolf are associated with _____ literature.
Signup and view all the answers
In the 1950s, the emergence of consumerism emphasized material comfort and ______ as key to happiness.
In the 1950s, the emergence of consumerism emphasized material comfort and ______ as key to happiness.
Signup and view all the answers
The _____ War is considered a significant event that influenced modernist writers.
The _____ War is considered a significant event that influenced modernist writers.
Signup and view all the answers
The group known as 'The Movement' in the 1950s sought to make poetry accessible to ______ people.
The group known as 'The Movement' in the 1950s sought to make poetry accessible to ______ people.
Signup and view all the answers
Ted Hughes and Philip Larkin were prominent poets associated with the ______ of the 1950s.
Ted Hughes and Philip Larkin were prominent poets associated with the ______ of the 1950s.
Signup and view all the answers
The new art movement that arose was known as _____, which aimed to convey complex experiences.
The new art movement that arose was known as _____, which aimed to convey complex experiences.
Signup and view all the answers
Post-war drama often included themes of ______, reflecting the societal changes and disillusionment of the era.
Post-war drama often included themes of ______, reflecting the societal changes and disillusionment of the era.
Signup and view all the answers
One of the major influences on modernist thought was the theories of _____, who explored the unconscious mind.
One of the major influences on modernist thought was the theories of _____, who explored the unconscious mind.
Signup and view all the answers
Modernist literature often features _____, which reflects an individual's inner thoughts and experiences.
Modernist literature often features _____, which reflects an individual's inner thoughts and experiences.
Signup and view all the answers
The play 'A Clockwork Orange' by A. Burgess critiques the consequences of ______ in society.
The play 'A Clockwork Orange' by A. Burgess critiques the consequences of ______ in society.
Signup and view all the answers
Writers in the post-war era highlighted the ______ of taboos around topics like homosexuality and contraception.
Writers in the post-war era highlighted the ______ of taboos around topics like homosexuality and contraception.
Signup and view all the answers
Virginia Woolf's novel 'Mrs. Dalloway' is an example of modernist _____.
Virginia Woolf's novel 'Mrs. Dalloway' is an example of modernist _____.
Signup and view all the answers
The 'Angry Young Men' movement in drama often focused on the struggles of the ______ class.
The 'Angry Young Men' movement in drama often focused on the struggles of the ______ class.
Signup and view all the answers
T.S. Eliot's poem 'The Waste Land' is labeled as a defining work of modernist _____ in poetry.
T.S. Eliot's poem 'The Waste Land' is labeled as a defining work of modernist _____ in poetry.
Signup and view all the answers
W.C. Williams wrote 'The Red Wheelbarrow', which exemplifies the principles of _____.
W.C. Williams wrote 'The Red Wheelbarrow', which exemplifies the principles of _____.
Signup and view all the answers
The Edwardian and Georgian Era marked a sudden release from _____ conventionality.
The Edwardian and Georgian Era marked a sudden release from _____ conventionality.
Signup and view all the answers
James Joyce's 'Ulysses' is known for its _____ and departure from traditional narrative structure.
James Joyce's 'Ulysses' is known for its _____ and departure from traditional narrative structure.
Signup and view all the answers
The literary movement that sought to capture fleeting moments is referred to as _____ poetry.
The literary movement that sought to capture fleeting moments is referred to as _____ poetry.
Signup and view all the answers
The decline of Western culture in literature often reflects feelings of _____ and despair.
The decline of Western culture in literature often reflects feelings of _____ and despair.
Signup and view all the answers
Modernism arose partially in response to the changes brought about by the _____ Revolution.
Modernism arose partially in response to the changes brought about by the _____ Revolution.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Old English Literature (600-1066 AD)
- Anglo-Saxon culture, values, and writing were dominated by heroic epics, lyrical and religious texts, alliteration, and kennings.
- Germanic tribes migrated to Britain after the Roman withdrawal, leading to the first English literary culture.
- Society consisted of small, independent communities (heptarchy of 7 kingdoms).
- Key values included loyalty, revenge, fatalism (belief in fate), and materialism.
- Paganism was the dominant religion, with a belief in fate (Wyrd).
- Christianity arrived in 597 AD, quickly converting the Anglo-Saxons.
- Literature was initially oral, transmitted by bards and scopes.
- Written literature emerged after Christianization, primarily in monasteries.
- Important manuscripts include Junius, Vitellius, Vercelli, and Exeter.
- Secular poetry included charms, proverbs, riddles, heroic epics (Beowulf), battle poetry, and elegies.
- Northumbria and Mercia, and later Wessex were significant cultural centers.
- Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum was a crucial historical record.
- King Alfred of Wessex played a key role in uniting England and preserving Anglo-Saxon culture. He translated Latin works and initiated the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
Anglo-Norman Literature (1066-1300)
- The Norman Conquest (1066) brought French culture and language to England.
- A rigid feudal system emerged, with the king as the supreme landowner.
- French became the official language of the elite, leading to a trilingual system (French, English, Latin).
- Anglo-Norman literature reflected this cultural shift and incorporated continental styles, forms, and genres replacing alliteration with rhyme.
- The Domesday Book (1086) was the first comprehensive economic record of England.
- Metrical romances became popular, influenced by chansons de geste and Ovid's work. Themes often revolved around chivalry, adventure, and beauty.
- Debates, chronicling in verse (Historia Brutonum), and shorter metrical stories were also part of the literary landscape.
Middle English Literature (1350-1400)
- The Hundred Years' War with France led to a revival of English.
- A new vocabulary was blended from French and Anglo-Saxon origins as English steadily grew in usage.
- Social structure shifted with the rise of cities and the middle class.
- The Church's influence began to decline as universities and urban centers gained prominence.
- John Wycliffe championed religious reform, translating the Bible into English.
- Important poetry included The Vision of Piers Plowman, The Owl and the Nightingale, and works by Geoffrey Chaucer.
- Chaucer's Canterbury Tales is a significant example of Middle English literature, showcasing diverse social classes and moral reflections.
16th & 17th Century Poetry and Prose
- The Tudor dynasty (1485-1603) witnessed relative stability, trade, exploration, and artistic flourishing.
- The Renaissance brought a shift in focus toward human potential and earthly existence, drawing inspiration from classical Greece and Rome.
- The sonnet, introduced by Petrarch and popularized in England, became a significant form.
- Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene and Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophel and Stella were key Renaissance works.
- Thomas More's Utopia explored perfect community ideas.
- The Reformation and humanism impacted literary endeavors leading to an English translation of the Bible.
- The Metaphysical poets (like John Donne) emerged in the 17th century, pushing the boundaries of Renaissance poetic forms.
- The Civil War and the Restoration marked a period of political upheaval, influencing the evolution of literary styles and themes.
Origins of Drama
- Medieval drama emerged from liturgical practices and evolved from static tableaux to dynamic tropes and liturgical plays.
- Mystery plays, often performed by guilds, retold biblical stories.
- Miraculous plays centered on the lives of saints, while morality plays explored abstract qualities like virtues and vices.
- Farce provided secular, humorous entertainment.
- These evolving forms paved the path to Elizabethan drama.
Elizabethan and Jacobean Drama
- During the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras, professional theatre companies arose, including the Lord Admiral's Men and the Lord Chamberlain's Men (later the Globe).
- Performances of tragedies of revenge and works celebrating extreme characters became popular.
- Playwrights and theatres sought royal patronage and censorship.
- Important playwrights included Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare.
Classicism and Enlightenment
- The Restoration period (1660-1680s) in England saw a shift to a constitutional monarchy.
- Classicism emphasized reason, order, and symmetry in art and literature, drawing inspiration from classical Greece and Rome.
- Notable Classicist writers included Alexander Pope, who wrote critical essays.
- The Enlightenment furthered these trends, promoting the power of human reason and scientific inquiry.
- Key figures of the period include John Locke, with his concept of the tabula rasa, and Joseph Addison and Richard Steele, who started periodicals like The Tatler and The Spectator.
- Satire, particularly from writers like Jonathan Swift, became a common tool to critique society and its moral failings.
Rise of the English Novel
- The novel emerged in the early 18th century, blending elements of earlier genres like romance, diaries, and memoirs.
- Key figures in the development of the novel include Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson (sentimental novels like Pamela), and Henry Fielding (picaresque novels like Tom Jones).
- The novel reflected the rise of the middle class and the increasing importance of realistic representations of daily life.
Pre-Romanticism
- Pre-Romanticism, emerging in the later 18th century, marked a reaction against the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason.
- Writers like William Blake and Robert Burns focused on individual emotion, the sublime aspects of nature, and the value of common people and their experiences.
Romanticism
- Romanticism, a significant reaction against Enlightenment ideas and ideals, emphasized emotion, individuality, and the power of the natural world.
- Key figures in this movement include William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and John Keats, whose works explored personal experience and the relationship between man and nature.
Victorian Prose
- The Victorian era (1837-1901) saw tremendous social and industrial change, along with the expansion of the British Empire.
- Key Victorian novelists like Charles Dickens (social commentary), George Eliot (psychological depth), and the Bronte sisters (emotional intensity) explored the complexities of Victorian society.
- Naturalism and critical realism became increasingly important literary approaches.
Victorian Poetry
- Victorian poetry reflected the social and cultural shifts of the era, engaging with themes of individualism, nature, and social criticism.
- Poets like Alfred, Lord Tennyson, and the Brontë's Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Browning are well-known.
- The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood sought inspiration in medieval art and emphasized vivid imagery.
- Modernist sensibilities began to emerge during the later Victorian era.
Drama from Restoration to 1900
- Restoration drama included a mixture of heroic drama, comedy of manners, and sentimental comedy.
- Playwrights like William Congreve and Richard Brinsley Sheridan contributed to the development of these forms.
- Victorian plays often employed elements of melodrama.
- Modernist playwrights, like George Bernard Shaw and Oscar Wilde, brought new critical perspectives to dramatic writing.
20th Century – Ethnic Literature
- The post-war period and decolonization led to the emergence of ethnic literature, reflecting the experiences of immigrant communities and challenging traditional literary perspectives.
- Authors like Salman Rushdie and Kazuo Ishiguro played important roles in this development.
20th Century – Literature at the Turn of the Century
- The Edwardian and Georgian eras saw a release from Victorian rigidity and the introduction of modernist perspectives informed by scientific developments (Einstein, Freud, James).
- The First World War had a profound impact on literature, creating a sense of disillusionment, fragmentation, and distrust of previous optimism.
- Modernist experimentation in poetry and prose—including imagism, stream of consciousness, and focus on psychological realism—featured prominently.
20th Century - From the Interwar Period until the 1950s
- The interwar period was marked by economic instability and the rise of totalitarian ideologies, leading to World War II.
- Dystopian novels, reflecting the anxieties of the time, gained popularity, with notable examples by Aldous Huxley and George Orwell.
- The post-war era saw Britain's decline in global power and the introduction of the Welfare State.
- The rise of consumerism created a new literary landscape with poets and writers exploring themes of social change and the evolving nature of the modern world.
20th Century - Drama from Post-War to the Present
- Post-war British drama saw a shift away from traditional drawing-room drama towards more radical forms.
- Absurd drama emerged, reflected in works by Samuel Beckett, while the kitchen-sink dramatists explored contemporary social issues.
- Playwrights associated with the Angry Young Men movement addressed social inequalities.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the period of Old English literature, its major tribes, cultural themes, and prominent works. This quiz covers the key aspects of Anglo-Saxon society, literature, and notable historical events. See how well you understand this rich literary tradition!
