Podcast
Questions and Answers
The period of Old English Literature lasted from 600 to ______.
The period of Old English Literature lasted from 600 to ______.
1066
The major Germanic tribes that migrated to England included the Angles, Saxons, and ______.
The major Germanic tribes that migrated to England included the Angles, Saxons, and ______.
Jutes
The Anglo-Saxon society was organized into small communities with almost no communication and ______ authority.
The Anglo-Saxon society was organized into small communities with almost no communication and ______ authority.
central
Anglo-Saxon literature, particularly poetry, was often transmitted orally by ______.
Anglo-Saxon literature, particularly poetry, was often transmitted orally by ______.
The belief in ______, or fate, was a central theme in Anglo-Saxon culture.
The belief in ______, or fate, was a central theme in Anglo-Saxon culture.
Pope Gregory the Great sent ______ to Kent to aid in the conversion to Christianity.
Pope Gregory the Great sent ______ to Kent to aid in the conversion to Christianity.
The manuscript that contains poems and riddles and is held at Exeter Cathedral is known as ______.
The manuscript that contains poems and riddles and is held at Exeter Cathedral is known as ______.
The ______ at Brunanburh and the Battle of Maldon are key examples of Anglo-Saxon battle poetry.
The ______ at Brunanburh and the Battle of Maldon are key examples of Anglo-Saxon battle poetry.
Prominent works of elegiac poetry include 'Wife’s Lament' and 'The ______.'
Prominent works of elegiac poetry include 'Wife’s Lament' and 'The ______.'
The Heptarchy refers to the seven kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, ______, Wessex, Sussex, and Kent.
The Heptarchy refers to the seven kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, ______, Wessex, Sussex, and Kent.
Wordsworth described poetry as the overflow of spontaneous ______.
Wordsworth described poetry as the overflow of spontaneous ______.
The Lake Poets, including Wordsworth and Coleridge, chose to live in ______ District.
The Lake Poets, including Wordsworth and Coleridge, chose to live in ______ District.
Coleridge had a controversial approach to poetry, often dealing with mysterious and ______ themes.
Coleridge had a controversial approach to poetry, often dealing with mysterious and ______ themes.
In contrast to Coleridge, Wordsworth focused on simple objects in nature and aimed for accessibility in his ______.
In contrast to Coleridge, Wordsworth focused on simple objects in nature and aimed for accessibility in his ______.
Byron wrote philosophical poems that often reflected on ______ events.
Byron wrote philosophical poems that often reflected on ______ events.
Percy Bysshe Shelley was expelled from university for writing an essay on ______.
Percy Bysshe Shelley was expelled from university for writing an essay on ______.
Jonathan SWIFT is well known for his work titled ______.
Jonathan SWIFT is well known for his work titled ______.
John Keats is known for his short, meditative poems called ______.
John Keats is known for his short, meditative poems called ______.
The rise of the English Novel began in the early ______.
The rise of the English Novel began in the early ______.
Romanticism was a movement that emerged in opposition to ______, emphasizing emotion and individualism.
Romanticism was a movement that emerged in opposition to ______, emphasizing emotion and individualism.
A major contributor to the rise of the novel was the improved ______ industry.
A major contributor to the rise of the novel was the improved ______ industry.
Daniel DEFOE's famous work is ______, published in 1719.
Daniel DEFOE's famous work is ______, published in 1719.
The 18th century novel was characterized by detailed, realistic, and ______ prose.
The 18th century novel was characterized by detailed, realistic, and ______ prose.
The sentiment that humans are instinctively moral is attributed to ______.
The sentiment that humans are instinctively moral is attributed to ______.
Samuel RICHARDSON's epistolary novel is known as ______.
Samuel RICHARDSON's epistolary novel is known as ______.
Henry FIELDING wrote ______, a satirical response to Pamela.
Henry FIELDING wrote ______, a satirical response to Pamela.
The ______ novel is a genre characterized by a rogue protagonist navigating various adventures.
The ______ novel is a genre characterized by a rogue protagonist navigating various adventures.
Romanticism emphasizes ______ over reason.
Romanticism emphasizes ______ over reason.
Sir Orfeo originates from ______, which is known for its Celtic features.
Sir Orfeo originates from ______, which is known for its Celtic features.
The arrival of the Normans brought a strong ______ system to Britain.
The arrival of the Normans brought a strong ______ system to Britain.
The Domesday Book is considered the first ______ record in England.
The Domesday Book is considered the first ______ record in England.
Behn’s novel combines several genres including medieval romance and _____ epic.
Behn’s novel combines several genres including medieval romance and _____ epic.
The Norman Conquest in 1066 was led by ______ at the Battle of Hastings.
The Norman Conquest in 1066 was led by ______ at the Battle of Hastings.
Middle English literature experienced a revival of ______, reflecting a shift towards English identity.
Middle English literature experienced a revival of ______, reflecting a shift towards English identity.
Daniel Defoe's character Robinson Crusoe reflects the idea of a _____ due to his adventures on a deserted island.
Daniel Defoe's character Robinson Crusoe reflects the idea of a _____ due to his adventures on a deserted island.
The phrase 'hope springs _____' is attributed to Alexander Pope in his work Essay on Man.
The phrase 'hope springs _____' is attributed to Alexander Pope in his work Essay on Man.
Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his work 'The ______ Tales', which showcases various stories and characters.
Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his work 'The ______ Tales', which showcases various stories and characters.
Samuel Richardson's Clarissa details the correspondence between Clarissa Harlowe and her friend _____ Howe.
Samuel Richardson's Clarissa details the correspondence between Clarissa Harlowe and her friend _____ Howe.
The literary style characterized by the use of rhyme and meter under Norman influence is known as ______ romances.
The literary style characterized by the use of rhyme and meter under Norman influence is known as ______ romances.
In Medieval England, the church served as a source of ______ and authority in society.
In Medieval England, the church served as a source of ______ and authority in society.
Alexander Pope's writing style is characterized by a balanced poetic form known as _____ couplet.
Alexander Pope's writing style is characterized by a balanced poetic form known as _____ couplet.
In the 14th century, the poem 'The Vision Concerning ______ Plowman' criticized societal corruption.
In the 14th century, the poem 'The Vision Concerning ______ Plowman' criticized societal corruption.
Jonathan Swift's Gulliver spent much of Queen Anne's reign _____, reflecting his exile under the Tories.
Jonathan Swift's Gulliver spent much of Queen Anne's reign _____, reflecting his exile under the Tories.
The conflict between England and France known as the ______ Years' War lasted from 1338 to 1453.
The conflict between England and France known as the ______ Years' War lasted from 1338 to 1453.
In Defoe's narrative, the character Crusoe believes that 'good is everything _____'.
In Defoe's narrative, the character Crusoe believes that 'good is everything _____'.
Clarissa’s brother is seen as a representation of Stuart James II by the _____ opposition.
Clarissa’s brother is seen as a representation of Stuart James II by the _____ opposition.
Robinson Crusoe's departure in _____ marked the beginning of his transformative journey.
Robinson Crusoe's departure in _____ marked the beginning of his transformative journey.
The _____ poets and writers of the 18th century explored themes of nature and emotional expression, leading to the Pre-Romantic movement.
The _____ poets and writers of the 18th century explored themes of nature and emotional expression, leading to the Pre-Romantic movement.
According to the moral sense theory, people are born ______ because God creates only good things.
According to the moral sense theory, people are born ______ because God creates only good things.
The new social ideal during this period was the ______ savage, representing uneducated people in their natural state.
The new social ideal during this period was the ______ savage, representing uneducated people in their natural state.
Thomas Gray is best known for his poem '______ Written in a Country Churchyard,' which reflects on mortality.
Thomas Gray is best known for his poem '______ Written in a Country Churchyard,' which reflects on mortality.
In Romantic literature, there is an emphasis on the ______, individuality, and a naturalistic approach to creativity.
In Romantic literature, there is an emphasis on the ______, individuality, and a naturalistic approach to creativity.
William Blake's works are often contrasted between 'Songs of ______' and 'Songs of Experience'.
William Blake's works are often contrasted between 'Songs of ______' and 'Songs of Experience'.
James Macpherson claimed that his collected poems were oral poetry composed by ______ in the 3rd century.
James Macpherson claimed that his collected poems were oral poetry composed by ______ in the 3rd century.
Diderot believed that bad education was the root cause of our ______ nature.
Diderot believed that bad education was the root cause of our ______ nature.
Romanticism emerged as a revolt against classical ______, morality, and authority.
Romanticism emerged as a revolt against classical ______, morality, and authority.
Robert Burns is known as 'the chronicler of ______ life', capturing the essence of Scottish culture in his poetry.
Robert Burns is known as 'the chronicler of ______ life', capturing the essence of Scottish culture in his poetry.
The period discussed spans from roughly 1770 to ______, marking the height of Romanticism.
The period discussed spans from roughly 1770 to ______, marking the height of Romanticism.
The ______ established monasteries in Northumbria and Mercia.
The ______ established monasteries in Northumbria and Mercia.
CAEDMON is known for his creation of ______ Hymn.
CAEDMON is known for his creation of ______ Hymn.
Bede VENERABILIS authored the ______ Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum.
Bede VENERABILIS authored the ______ Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum.
The massive stone cross known as the ______ Cross contains a runic poem.
The massive stone cross known as the ______ Cross contains a runic poem.
King ______ of Wessex is noted for his military and cultural achievements.
King ______ of Wessex is noted for his military and cultural achievements.
The ______ Chronicle began in 890 and covers history up to the Norman Conquest.
The ______ Chronicle began in 890 and covers history up to the Norman Conquest.
The Viking raids led to the establishment of the ______, representing Danish control in England.
The Viking raids led to the establishment of the ______, representing Danish control in England.
The ______ Conquest in 1066 brought significant French influence to England.
The ______ Conquest in 1066 brought significant French influence to England.
After the Conquest, English became the language of the ______ class.
After the Conquest, English became the language of the ______ class.
The ______ Book was the first record of economic resources in England.
The ______ Book was the first record of economic resources in England.
Heroic epics such as ______ reflect the values and narratives of Anglo-Saxon culture.
Heroic epics such as ______ reflect the values and narratives of Anglo-Saxon culture.
Chansons de geste influenced the development of ______ romances in English literature.
Chansons de geste influenced the development of ______ romances in English literature.
The popular narrative of King Arthur is celebrated in ______ literature, like Layamon's Historia Brutonum.
The popular narrative of King Arthur is celebrated in ______ literature, like Layamon's Historia Brutonum.
Debates in medieval literature often involved fictional discussions regarding ______ dilemmas.
Debates in medieval literature often involved fictional discussions regarding ______ dilemmas.
John Milton is known for writing ______, which gave England its own heroic epic.
John Milton is known for writing ______, which gave England its own heroic epic.
The Pilgrim's Progress, written by ______, is a Christian allegorical prose that inspired the novel genre.
The Pilgrim's Progress, written by ______, is a Christian allegorical prose that inspired the novel genre.
The literary movement in the early 17th century characterized by complex metaphysical themes is known as ______ poetry.
The literary movement in the early 17th century characterized by complex metaphysical themes is known as ______ poetry.
During the Restoration period, ______ II was restored to the throne after the fall of Oliver Cromwell.
During the Restoration period, ______ II was restored to the throne after the fall of Oliver Cromwell.
Edmund Spenser's notable work, ______ Queene, is famous for its unique stanza form and Elizabethan themes.
Edmund Spenser's notable work, ______ Queene, is famous for its unique stanza form and Elizabethan themes.
The first recorded instance of people dressing up to perform in front of an audience occurred in ______ drama.
The first recorded instance of people dressing up to perform in front of an audience occurred in ______ drama.
The work of ______ is considered an ideal example of Puritan literature, focusing on moral and religious themes.
The work of ______ is considered an ideal example of Puritan literature, focusing on moral and religious themes.
The ______ plays retell biblical stories and were performed by guilds controlled by the church.
The ______ plays retell biblical stories and were performed by guilds controlled by the church.
______ is a prominent Cavalier poet known for celebrating the pleasures of life.
______ is a prominent Cavalier poet known for celebrating the pleasures of life.
The ______ was a time when Charles I was executed and his son went into exile.
The ______ was a time when Charles I was executed and his son went into exile.
The significant work, ______, introduced the sonnet to English literature.
The significant work, ______, introduced the sonnet to English literature.
In the late 16th century, Sir Philip Sidney's ______ is considered a notable sonnet sequence.
In the late 16th century, Sir Philip Sidney's ______ is considered a notable sonnet sequence.
Thomas ______ was known for writing Le Morte de Arthur.
Thomas ______ was known for writing Le Morte de Arthur.
The figure of ______ I is marked by absolutist politics and conflicts with Parliament.
The figure of ______ I is marked by absolutist politics and conflicts with Parliament.
William ______ was recognized as the first printer in England.
William ______ was recognized as the first printer in England.
The ______ period marked a shift in theater from church to public performances.
The ______ period marked a shift in theater from church to public performances.
The War of ______ occurred between the houses of York and Lancaster.
The War of ______ occurred between the houses of York and Lancaster.
Geoffrey ______ is often hailed as the father of English literature.
Geoffrey ______ is often hailed as the father of English literature.
The ______ of the Roses ended in 1485.
The ______ of the Roses ended in 1485.
John ______ initiated the first translation of the whole Bible in England.
John ______ initiated the first translation of the whole Bible in England.
The character in 'The Wife of Bath's Tale' seeks to learn what women want most in the world from the ______.
The character in 'The Wife of Bath's Tale' seeks to learn what women want most in the world from the ______.
In the 16th century, the ______ dynasty ruled England.
In the 16th century, the ______ dynasty ruled England.
Renaissance humanism emphasized the importance of the ______ and earthly existence.
Renaissance humanism emphasized the importance of the ______ and earthly existence.
Geoffrey Chaucer was influenced by French literature in his work 'The Book of the ______'.
Geoffrey Chaucer was influenced by French literature in his work 'The Book of the ______'.
'Le Morte de Arthur' was printed posthumously by ______.
'Le Morte de Arthur' was printed posthumously by ______.
The ______ of the Rood presents a shift from resurrection themes to crucifixion in literature.
The ______ of the Rood presents a shift from resurrection themes to crucifixion in literature.
Chattel, derived from Old French, means 'property' and initially referred to ______.
Chattel, derived from Old French, means 'property' and initially referred to ______.
The 14th-century author William ______ wrote 'The Vision Concerning Piers Plowman'.
The 14th-century author William ______ wrote 'The Vision Concerning Piers Plowman'.
During the Tudor period, England experienced relative stability due in part to ______ triumph.
During the Tudor period, England experienced relative stability due in part to ______ triumph.
Charles II’s Restoration led to the establishment of a constitutional ______
Charles II’s Restoration led to the establishment of a constitutional ______
The economy during this period was heavily reliant on ______
The economy during this period was heavily reliant on ______
In 1679, Parliament was divided into two wings: the Whigs and the ______
In 1679, Parliament was divided into two wings: the Whigs and the ______
Classicism was influenced by the import of French ______ culture during the Restoration.
Classicism was influenced by the import of French ______ culture during the Restoration.
Classicism emphasized a true presentation of ______ and nature.
Classicism emphasized a true presentation of ______ and nature.
The world was viewed as a ______ mechanism, ruled by precise laws.
The world was viewed as a ______ mechanism, ruled by precise laws.
Anatomy suggests that the physical universe can be understood and controlled by humans; similarly, the human body can be appreciated by ______ and sculptors.
Anatomy suggests that the physical universe can be understood and controlled by humans; similarly, the human body can be appreciated by ______ and sculptors.
Augustan authors sought to imitate the period of ______ Augustus.
Augustan authors sought to imitate the period of ______ Augustus.
Alexander Pope is known for his translations of the ______ and Odyssey.
Alexander Pope is known for his translations of the ______ and Odyssey.
The Reformation emphasized a direct link between people and ______, moving away from Rome's influence.
The Reformation emphasized a direct link between people and ______, moving away from Rome's influence.
Henry VIII established the Church of ______ in 1534.
Henry VIII established the Church of ______ in 1534.
The Enlightenment saw a rise in rationalist philosophy, notably represented by ______ Locke.
The Enlightenment saw a rise in rationalist philosophy, notably represented by ______ Locke.
Francesco Petrarch, known as the father of ______, influenced early Renaissance poetry.
Francesco Petrarch, known as the father of ______, influenced early Renaissance poetry.
Efficient print technology allowed for more books to be produced at a ______ cost.
Efficient print technology allowed for more books to be produced at a ______ cost.
Edmund Spenser's 'The Faerie Queene' is known for its epic stories set in a ______.
Edmund Spenser's 'The Faerie Queene' is known for its epic stories set in a ______.
Joseph Addison and Richard Steele co-founded the journal called ______.
Joseph Addison and Richard Steele co-founded the journal called ______.
Sir Philip Sidney's 'Astrophel and Stella' triggered a ______-year sonnet fever in the 1590s.
Sir Philip Sidney's 'Astrophel and Stella' triggered a ______-year sonnet fever in the 1590s.
Satire during this period often highlighted moral concerns and aimed at ______ societal vices.
Satire during this period often highlighted moral concerns and aimed at ______ societal vices.
Denis Diderot is known for his role in creating ______, a comprehensive compilation of knowledge.
Denis Diderot is known for his role in creating ______, a comprehensive compilation of knowledge.
Francis Bacon is known for promoting the new scientific method based on ______.
Francis Bacon is known for promoting the new scientific method based on ______.
Dr. Samuel Johnson authored A Dictionary of the English ______.
Dr. Samuel Johnson authored A Dictionary of the English ______.
The King James Bible was authorized by King ______ and involved extensive collaboration.
The King James Bible was authorized by King ______ and involved extensive collaboration.
John Lyly's work 'Euphues: The Anatomy of Wit' is noted for its complex ______.
John Lyly's work 'Euphues: The Anatomy of Wit' is noted for its complex ______.
The English Shakespearean sonnet consists of 14 lines with a rhyme scheme of ______.
The English Shakespearean sonnet consists of 14 lines with a rhyme scheme of ______.
During the early 17th century, James I promoted an ______ monarchy.
During the early 17th century, James I promoted an ______ monarchy.
The Civil War literature was characterized by the emergence of Cavalier poets, associated with aristocratic ______.
The Civil War literature was characterized by the emergence of Cavalier poets, associated with aristocratic ______.
Metaphysical poetry explores rational inquiries into questions beyond human ______.
Metaphysical poetry explores rational inquiries into questions beyond human ______.
John Donne, a famous metaphysical poet, is known for his ______ and religious poetry.
John Donne, a famous metaphysical poet, is known for his ______ and religious poetry.
The period of the English Civil War (1642-49) led to the execution of Charles I and the rise of ______.
The period of the English Civil War (1642-49) led to the execution of Charles I and the rise of ______.
The experience of the ______ is evoked through strong negative emotions.
The experience of the ______ is evoked through strong negative emotions.
The setting of Gothic novels often includes a ______ landscape.
The setting of Gothic novels often includes a ______ landscape.
Characters in Gothic literature are often driven by ______ and revenge.
Characters in Gothic literature are often driven by ______ and revenge.
Gothic novels often feature a suffering innocent ______ who is kidnapped.
Gothic novels often feature a suffering innocent ______ who is kidnapped.
The presence of ______ and supernatural objects adds to the suspense of Gothic narratives.
The presence of ______ and supernatural objects adds to the suspense of Gothic narratives.
Gothic novels typically convey a ______ atmosphere filled with evil deeds.
Gothic novels typically convey a ______ atmosphere filled with evil deeds.
Romanticism emphasizes the arousal of negative ______.
Romanticism emphasizes the arousal of negative ______.
The Gothic novel often acts as a critique of corrupted ______, men, and clerics.
The Gothic novel often acts as a critique of corrupted ______, men, and clerics.
Early Gothic writers like Horace ______ introduced key themes of the genre.
Early Gothic writers like Horace ______ introduced key themes of the genre.
In the 19th century, notable Gothic writers included Mary ______ and Bram Stoker.
In the 19th century, notable Gothic writers included Mary ______ and Bram Stoker.
Morality plays feature characters that represent abstract qualities like ______ and virtue.
Morality plays feature characters that represent abstract qualities like ______ and virtue.
The Gothic novel often includes elements of ______, such as imprisonment and murder.
The Gothic novel often includes elements of ______, such as imprisonment and murder.
Aphra Behn's 'Oroonoko' is sometimes considered the earliest English ______.
Aphra Behn's 'Oroonoko' is sometimes considered the earliest English ______.
The play 'Everyman' is about a man who is dying and his qualities leave him except for his good ______.
The play 'Everyman' is about a man who is dying and his qualities leave him except for his good ______.
The narrative style of early novels often involved a mix of ______ genres.
The narrative style of early novels often involved a mix of ______ genres.
The Elizabethan period is known as the climax of English ______.
The Elizabethan period is known as the climax of English ______.
During the 16th century, religious plays were banned leading to the rise of ______ plays.
During the 16th century, religious plays were banned leading to the rise of ______ plays.
The character Robinson Crusoe embodies the rational, civilized, and ______ ideals of the 18th century.
The character Robinson Crusoe embodies the rational, civilized, and ______ ideals of the 18th century.
Gothic literature often features ______ themes, creating a chilling atmosphere.
Gothic literature often features ______ themes, creating a chilling atmosphere.
Censorship was introduced to control content and prevent plays from becoming a ______ tool.
Censorship was introduced to control content and prevent plays from becoming a ______ tool.
The first permanent theatres built during this time included The ______, built by James Burbage.
The first permanent theatres built during this time included The ______, built by James Burbage.
The Globe theatre, home to Lord Chamberlain’s Men, was constructed in ______.
The Globe theatre, home to Lord Chamberlain’s Men, was constructed in ______.
Tragedies during this period often depicted revenge and blood, unlike the ______ theatre where violence wasn't shown on stage.
Tragedies during this period often depicted revenge and blood, unlike the ______ theatre where violence wasn't shown on stage.
Thomas Kyd is known for introducing blood and cruelty in his play titled ______.
Thomas Kyd is known for introducing blood and cruelty in his play titled ______.
Gender roles of the time often depicted males as ______ over females.
Gender roles of the time often depicted males as ______ over females.
In terms of sexuality, male bodies were seen as active while female bodies were viewed as vessels for ______.
In terms of sexuality, male bodies were seen as active while female bodies were viewed as vessels for ______.
In the context of colonialism, new lands were often viewed as ______ or primitive.
In the context of colonialism, new lands were often viewed as ______ or primitive.
The concept of ______ was often linked to kinship, behavior, and status of birth.
The concept of ______ was often linked to kinship, behavior, and status of birth.
The Master of Revels was responsible for reading and controlling the ______ of plays.
The Master of Revels was responsible for reading and controlling the ______ of plays.
Queen Victoria reigned from ______ to 1901.
Queen Victoria reigned from ______ to 1901.
The British Empire was known for the phrase '______ never sets' due to its vast territorial reach.
The British Empire was known for the phrase '______ never sets' due to its vast territorial reach.
The Theory of ______ was proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859, challenging traditional religious beliefs.
The Theory of ______ was proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859, challenging traditional religious beliefs.
The Great Exhibition in 1851 was held in the Crystal Palace, which was made of ______ and steel.
The Great Exhibition in 1851 was held in the Crystal Palace, which was made of ______ and steel.
The rise of industry led to the growth of the ______ classes in Victorian Britain.
The rise of industry led to the growth of the ______ classes in Victorian Britain.
Oscar Wilde is associated with the concept of '______ for Art's Sake', emphasizing aesthetic beauty.
Oscar Wilde is associated with the concept of '______ for Art's Sake', emphasizing aesthetic beauty.
Lord Alfred Tennyson was the Poet ______ of Queen Victoria.
Lord Alfred Tennyson was the Poet ______ of Queen Victoria.
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood sought to revive ______ art, opposing mainstream Victorian ideals.
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood sought to revive ______ art, opposing mainstream Victorian ideals.
Steam power contributed significantly to the expansion of ______ networks during the Victorian period.
Steam power contributed significantly to the expansion of ______ networks during the Victorian period.
In the 1850s, London was described as 'the richest and ______, best-lighted and best drained city in the world'.
In the 1850s, London was described as 'the richest and ______, best-lighted and best drained city in the world'.
Victorian literature often reflected themes of ______, conservatism, and traditional family values.
Victorian literature often reflected themes of ______, conservatism, and traditional family values.
The poem 'Dover Beach' was written by ______ Arnold.
The poem 'Dover Beach' was written by ______ Arnold.
G.B. Shaw was a prominent playwright and a member of the ______ Society.
G.B. Shaw was a prominent playwright and a member of the ______ Society.
Robert Browning is known for his use of ______ monologue in poetry.
Robert Browning is known for his use of ______ monologue in poetry.
The new social ideal of the noble savage represents uneducated people living in harmony with ______.
The new social ideal of the noble savage represents uneducated people living in harmony with ______.
The Gothic novel was a main channel for exploring themes of mystical ______ and spirituality.
The Gothic novel was a main channel for exploring themes of mystical ______ and spirituality.
William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge collaborated on the first publication of ______ in 1798.
William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge collaborated on the first publication of ______ in 1798.
The character of Marianne Dashwood in Sense and Sensibility represents an emotional and ______ view of the natural world.
The character of Marianne Dashwood in Sense and Sensibility represents an emotional and ______ view of the natural world.
The poem 'The Giaour' by Lord Byron addresses the clash of worldviews between ______ and Christian.
The poem 'The Giaour' by Lord Byron addresses the clash of worldviews between ______ and Christian.
Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein' deals with themes of crime and ______.
Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein' deals with themes of crime and ______.
The romantic view of ______ emphasized the restorative ability of nature.
The romantic view of ______ emphasized the restorative ability of nature.
John Keats is known for his short meditative and contemplative poems called ______.
John Keats is known for his short meditative and contemplative poems called ______.
Ann Radcliffe wrote 'The Mysteries of ______,' a hallmark of Gothic literature.
Ann Radcliffe wrote 'The Mysteries of ______,' a hallmark of Gothic literature.
The term ______ refers to a pleasurably terrifying experience often found in romantically Gothic literature.
The term ______ refers to a pleasurably terrifying experience often found in romantically Gothic literature.
William Godwin's philosophical ideas on crime and virtue influenced his daughter Mary ______.
William Godwin's philosophical ideas on crime and virtue influenced his daughter Mary ______.
The decline of Britain’s power after 1945 was partly due to the weakened economy caused by the ______.
The decline of Britain’s power after 1945 was partly due to the weakened economy caused by the ______.
In 'Sense and Sensibility,' Elinor Dashwood represents the importance of ______ and reflection.
In 'Sense and Sensibility,' Elinor Dashwood represents the importance of ______ and reflection.
Kitchen sink drama focused on realistic features and the life of the ______ class.
Kitchen sink drama focused on realistic features and the life of the ______ class.
The Romantic Period emphasized mysticism over ______.
The Romantic Period emphasized mysticism over ______.
The Royal Court Theatre has been considered a ‘Mecca’ for non-mainstream artists since the ______.
The Royal Court Theatre has been considered a ‘Mecca’ for non-mainstream artists since the ______.
Samuel Beckett is noted for his work 'Waiting for ______'.
Samuel Beckett is noted for his work 'Waiting for ______'.
The ______ Report of 1942 aimed to create the Welfare State in Britain.
The ______ Report of 1942 aimed to create the Welfare State in Britain.
The cultural movement that emerged post-1945 emphasized material comfort and ______.
The cultural movement that emerged post-1945 emphasized material comfort and ______.
Joe Orton was known for his plays like 'Entertaining Mrs ______'.
Joe Orton was known for his plays like 'Entertaining Mrs ______'.
By the end of the 1960s, capital punishment was ______ in Britain.
By the end of the 1960s, capital punishment was ______ in Britain.
Post-war ethnic literature in Britain often dealt with themes of ______, assimilation, and identity.
Post-war ethnic literature in Britain often dealt with themes of ______, assimilation, and identity.
The Theatre of the Absurd is characterized by its ______ philosophy and nonsensical elements.
The Theatre of the Absurd is characterized by its ______ philosophy and nonsensical elements.
Charles I believed in the divine rights of ______.
Charles I believed in the divine rights of ______.
The period of ______ lasted from 1649 to 1660 when England was not a kingdom.
The period of ______ lasted from 1649 to 1660 when England was not a kingdom.
Oliver Cromwell referred to himself as the 'lord ______'.
Oliver Cromwell referred to himself as the 'lord ______'.
After Oliver Cromwell's death, ______ II restored to the throne.
After Oliver Cromwell's death, ______ II restored to the throne.
The Restoration drama is known for its adaptations of ______ plays.
The Restoration drama is known for its adaptations of ______ plays.
In the 18th century, sentimental comedies often featured ______ protagonists.
In the 18th century, sentimental comedies often featured ______ protagonists.
G.B. Shaw is known for being a prominent ______ playwright.
G.B. Shaw is known for being a prominent ______ playwright.
Oscar Wilde's ideology emphasized 'Art for ______'s sake'.
Oscar Wilde's ideology emphasized 'Art for ______'s sake'.
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood reacted against ______ and materialism.
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood reacted against ______ and materialism.
Charlotte Bronte's 'Jane Eyre' is a powerful example of a ______ novel.
Charlotte Bronte's 'Jane Eyre' is a powerful example of a ______ novel.
In 'Bleak House', Charles Dickens creates a fog that symbolizes the ______ of society.
In 'Bleak House', Charles Dickens creates a fog that symbolizes the ______ of society.
In 'The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde', the character Hyde represents Jekyll's ______ side.
In 'The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde', the character Hyde represents Jekyll's ______ side.
Lizzie from 'Goblin Market' is seen as a ______ figure to save her sister.
Lizzie from 'Goblin Market' is seen as a ______ figure to save her sister.
Wilde's play 'The Importance of Being Earnest' is a satire of ______ society.
Wilde's play 'The Importance of Being Earnest' is a satire of ______ society.
The British Empire was often said to be where ______ never sets.
The British Empire was often said to be where ______ never sets.
The population of Britain increased from 8 million in 1800 to ______ million in 1900.
The population of Britain increased from 8 million in 1800 to ______ million in 1900.
The invention of the steam engine by ______ contributed significantly to the industrial growth.
The invention of the steam engine by ______ contributed significantly to the industrial growth.
The ______ Palace was built in 1851 for the Great Exhibition, showcasing Britain's advancements.
The ______ Palace was built in 1851 for the Great Exhibition, showcasing Britain's advancements.
Charles Darwin published 'Origin of Species' in ______.
Charles Darwin published 'Origin of Species' in ______.
Victorian literature often featured ______ values, emphasizing family and hard work.
Victorian literature often featured ______ values, emphasizing family and hard work.
The literary contribution of Charles Dickens often focused on the struggles of the ______ class.
The literary contribution of Charles Dickens often focused on the struggles of the ______ class.
William Makepeace Thackeray’s novel '______ Fair' is known for having no hero.
William Makepeace Thackeray’s novel '______ Fair' is known for having no hero.
Charlotte Brontë wrote the novel '______ Eyre', a significant work of Victorian literature.
Charlotte Brontë wrote the novel '______ Eyre', a significant work of Victorian literature.
George Eliot's real name was ______.
George Eliot's real name was ______.
Thomas Hardy's works often presented the conflict between ______ life and urban evil.
Thomas Hardy's works often presented the conflict between ______ life and urban evil.
Naturalism in literature depicts man as a ______ driven by emotions.
Naturalism in literature depicts man as a ______ driven by emotions.
Victorian poetry often included themes of ______ criticism and social observation.
Victorian poetry often included themes of ______ criticism and social observation.
Eliot's 'The Waste Land' serves as a lament for the spiritual death of Western civilization caused by the ______.
Eliot's 'The Waste Land' serves as a lament for the spiritual death of Western civilization caused by the ______.
Virginia Woolf's 'Mrs Dalloway' critiques class inequalities and the different social roles of ______.
Virginia Woolf's 'Mrs Dalloway' critiques class inequalities and the different social roles of ______.
The 1926 General ______ was a significant event reflecting the economic problems in Britain after the Great War.
The 1926 General ______ was a significant event reflecting the economic problems in Britain after the Great War.
Aldous Huxley's 'Brave New World' is a notable example of a ______ novel addressing themes of dehumanization.
Aldous Huxley's 'Brave New World' is a notable example of a ______ novel addressing themes of dehumanization.
George Orwell, originally known as Eric Blair, wrote 'Animal Farm' as an allegory for ______.
George Orwell, originally known as Eric Blair, wrote 'Animal Farm' as an allegory for ______.
After 1945, Britain faced a decline in ______ power, leading to decolonization and migration.
After 1945, Britain faced a decline in ______ power, leading to decolonization and migration.
The Beveridge Report of 1942 aimed to create a policy of 'Welfare State' to support the socially ______.
The Beveridge Report of 1942 aimed to create a policy of 'Welfare State' to support the socially ______.
The period known as _____ emphasizes experimental writing techniques and modernism.
The period known as _____ emphasizes experimental writing techniques and modernism.
Writers like J. Joyce and V. Woolf are associated with _____ literature.
Writers like J. Joyce and V. Woolf are associated with _____ literature.
In the 1950s, the emergence of consumerism emphasized material comfort and ______ as key to happiness.
In the 1950s, the emergence of consumerism emphasized material comfort and ______ as key to happiness.
The _____ War is considered a significant event that influenced modernist writers.
The _____ War is considered a significant event that influenced modernist writers.
The group known as 'The Movement' in the 1950s sought to make poetry accessible to ______ people.
The group known as 'The Movement' in the 1950s sought to make poetry accessible to ______ people.
Ted Hughes and Philip Larkin were prominent poets associated with the ______ of the 1950s.
Ted Hughes and Philip Larkin were prominent poets associated with the ______ of the 1950s.
The new art movement that arose was known as _____, which aimed to convey complex experiences.
The new art movement that arose was known as _____, which aimed to convey complex experiences.
Post-war drama often included themes of ______, reflecting the societal changes and disillusionment of the era.
Post-war drama often included themes of ______, reflecting the societal changes and disillusionment of the era.
One of the major influences on modernist thought was the theories of _____, who explored the unconscious mind.
One of the major influences on modernist thought was the theories of _____, who explored the unconscious mind.
Modernist literature often features _____, which reflects an individual's inner thoughts and experiences.
Modernist literature often features _____, which reflects an individual's inner thoughts and experiences.
The play 'A Clockwork Orange' by A. Burgess critiques the consequences of ______ in society.
The play 'A Clockwork Orange' by A. Burgess critiques the consequences of ______ in society.
Writers in the post-war era highlighted the ______ of taboos around topics like homosexuality and contraception.
Writers in the post-war era highlighted the ______ of taboos around topics like homosexuality and contraception.
Virginia Woolf's novel 'Mrs. Dalloway' is an example of modernist _____.
Virginia Woolf's novel 'Mrs. Dalloway' is an example of modernist _____.
The 'Angry Young Men' movement in drama often focused on the struggles of the ______ class.
The 'Angry Young Men' movement in drama often focused on the struggles of the ______ class.
T.S. Eliot's poem 'The Waste Land' is labeled as a defining work of modernist _____ in poetry.
T.S. Eliot's poem 'The Waste Land' is labeled as a defining work of modernist _____ in poetry.
W.C. Williams wrote 'The Red Wheelbarrow', which exemplifies the principles of _____.
W.C. Williams wrote 'The Red Wheelbarrow', which exemplifies the principles of _____.
The Edwardian and Georgian Era marked a sudden release from _____ conventionality.
The Edwardian and Georgian Era marked a sudden release from _____ conventionality.
James Joyce's 'Ulysses' is known for its _____ and departure from traditional narrative structure.
James Joyce's 'Ulysses' is known for its _____ and departure from traditional narrative structure.
The literary movement that sought to capture fleeting moments is referred to as _____ poetry.
The literary movement that sought to capture fleeting moments is referred to as _____ poetry.
The decline of Western culture in literature often reflects feelings of _____ and despair.
The decline of Western culture in literature often reflects feelings of _____ and despair.
Modernism arose partially in response to the changes brought about by the _____ Revolution.
Modernism arose partially in response to the changes brought about by the _____ Revolution.
Flashcards
Old English Literature (600-1066 AD)
Old English Literature (600-1066 AD)
The period in English history from 600 to 1066 AD, characterized by the Anglo-Saxon culture, language, literature, and values.
Anglo-Saxons
Anglo-Saxons
A group of Germanic tribes, including Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, who migrated to Britain in the 5th and 6th centuries.
Anglo-Saxon Constitution
Anglo-Saxon Constitution
The system of government in Anglo-Saxon England, characterized by small, independent communities and a lack of central authority.
Heptarchy
Heptarchy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ham
Ham
Signup and view all the flashcards
Wyrd
Wyrd
Signup and view all the flashcards
Christianization of Anglo-Saxons
Christianization of Anglo-Saxons
Signup and view all the flashcards
Alliteration
Alliteration
Signup and view all the flashcards
Kenning
Kenning
Signup and view all the flashcards
Beowulf
Beowulf
Signup and view all the flashcards
Early Medieval Britain (1066-1300)
Early Medieval Britain (1066-1300)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metrical Romance
Metrical Romance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metrical Story
Metrical Story
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chronicles in Verse
Chronicles in Verse
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metrical Romance Cycles
Metrical Romance Cycles
Signup and view all the flashcards
Middle English Literature
Middle English Literature
Signup and view all the flashcards
100 Years' War
100 Years' War
Signup and view all the flashcards
English Language Evolution
English Language Evolution
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ricardian Literature
Ricardian Literature
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Vision Concerning Piers Plowman
The Vision Concerning Piers Plowman
Signup and view all the flashcards
Juvenalian Satire
Juvenalian Satire
Signup and view all the flashcards
Picaresque Novel
Picaresque Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sentimental Novel
Sentimental Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Epistolary Novel
Epistolary Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Romanticism
Romanticism
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment
Signup and view all the flashcards
18th Century English Literature
18th Century English Literature
Signup and view all the flashcards
Satirical Novel
Satirical Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
A Dictionary of the English Language
A Dictionary of the English Language
Signup and view all the flashcards
Realistic Novel
Realistic Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Northumbria's Golden Age
Northumbria's Golden Age
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Ruthwell Cross
The Ruthwell Cross
Signup and view all the flashcards
Caedmon
Caedmon
Signup and view all the flashcards
Bede Venerabilis
Bede Venerabilis
Signup and view all the flashcards
Danelaw
Danelaw
Signup and view all the flashcards
King Alfred the Great
King Alfred the Great
Signup and view all the flashcards
Alfred's Defensive System
Alfred's Defensive System
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
Signup and view all the flashcards
Unification of England
Unification of England
Signup and view all the flashcards
Norman Conquest
Norman Conquest
Signup and view all the flashcards
Normans
Normans
Signup and view all the flashcards
Feudal System
Feudal System
Signup and view all the flashcards
Domesday Book
Domesday Book
Signup and view all the flashcards
Trilingual System
Trilingual System
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metrical Poetry
Metrical Poetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur: Symbol of Medieval End
Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur: Symbol of Medieval End
Signup and view all the flashcards
William Caxton: Printing and Standardization
William Caxton: Printing and Standardization
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hundred Years' War: English Gaining Ground
Hundred Years' War: English Gaining Ground
Signup and view all the flashcards
Edward III and English in Parliament
Edward III and English in Parliament
Signup and view all the flashcards
John Wycliffe and the Lollards: Bible Translation
John Wycliffe and the Lollards: Bible Translation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chaucer's French Influence: "The Book of the Duchess"
Chaucer's French Influence: "The Book of the Duchess"
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chaucer's Italian Influence: "Troilus and Criseyde"
Chaucer's Italian Influence: "Troilus and Criseyde"
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chaucer's English Influence: "Canterbury Tales"
Chaucer's English Influence: "Canterbury Tales"
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chattel as Early Currency
Chattel as Early Currency
Signup and view all the flashcards
Shift to Gold Currency
Shift to Gold Currency
Signup and view all the flashcards
Gifts as Signs of Honor and Wealth
Gifts as Signs of Honor and Wealth
Signup and view all the flashcards
Clergy and Anti-Feminist Views
Clergy and Anti-Feminist Views
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Wife of Bath: Women's Desire for Control
The Wife of Bath: Women's Desire for Control
Signup and view all the flashcards
Christine de Pisan: Opposing Misogyny
Christine de Pisan: Opposing Misogyny
Signup and view all the flashcards
Harlotrie: Immoral Literature
Harlotrie: Immoral Literature
Signup and view all the flashcards
Morality Plays
Morality Plays
Signup and view all the flashcards
Farce
Farce
Signup and view all the flashcards
Elizabethan Period
Elizabethan Period
Signup and view all the flashcards
Rise of Secular Plays
Rise of Secular Plays
Signup and view all the flashcards
Censorship in Elizabethan Theatre
Censorship in Elizabethan Theatre
Signup and view all the flashcards
Actor Companies
Actor Companies
Signup and view all the flashcards
Master of Revels
Master of Revels
Signup and view all the flashcards
Royal/Aristocratic Patronage
Royal/Aristocratic Patronage
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tragedy
Tragedy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tragedy of Revenge/Blood
Tragedy of Revenge/Blood
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sovereignty
Sovereignty
Signup and view all the flashcards
Gender Roles and Relations
Gender Roles and Relations
Signup and view all the flashcards
Female Body as Inverted Male
Female Body as Inverted Male
Signup and view all the flashcards
Portuguese Explorations and Slavery
Portuguese Explorations and Slavery
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Concept of Race in the Renaissance
The Concept of Race in the Renaissance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metaphysical Poetry
Metaphysical Poetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mystery Plays
Mystery Plays
Signup and view all the flashcards
Restoration Literature
Restoration Literature
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pilgrim's Progress
Pilgrim's Progress
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sonnet
Sonnet
Signup and view all the flashcards
English Renaissance
English Renaissance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Francesco Petrarch
Francesco Petrarch
Signup and view all the flashcards
Edmund Spenser
Edmund Spenser
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cavalier Poets
Cavalier Poets
Signup and view all the flashcards
Miracle Plays
Miracle Plays
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metaphysical Poets
Metaphysical Poets
Signup and view all the flashcards
Restoration Era
Restoration Era
Signup and view all the flashcards
John Bunyan
John Bunyan
Signup and view all the flashcards
John Milton
John Milton
Signup and view all the flashcards
Interregnum
Interregnum
Signup and view all the flashcards
Humanism
Humanism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Reformation
Reformation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sir Philip Sidney
Sir Philip Sidney
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mannerism
Mannerism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mannerist Artist
Mannerist Artist
Signup and view all the flashcards
John Lyly
John Lyly
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metaphysical Love Poetry
Metaphysical Love Poetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
George Herbert
George Herbert
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Restoration
The Restoration
Signup and view all the flashcards
Richard Crashaw
Richard Crashaw
Signup and view all the flashcards
Henry Vaughan
Henry Vaughan
Signup and view all the flashcards
Courtly Poets
Courtly Poets
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the significance of Oroonoko by Aphra Behn?
What is the significance of Oroonoko by Aphra Behn?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the key theme in Robinson Crusoe?
What is the key theme in Robinson Crusoe?
Signup and view all the flashcards
How does Gulliver's Travels criticize society?
How does Gulliver's Travels criticize society?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the central idea in Pope's Essay on Man?
What is the central idea in Pope's Essay on Man?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are the key themes of Clarissa?
What are the key themes of Clarissa?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What characterized the English Restoration period?
What characterized the English Restoration period?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is a Bildungsroman?
What is a Bildungsroman?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Gothic Novel
Gothic Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Sublime
The Sublime
Signup and view all the flashcards
English Novel
English Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Aphra Behn
Aphra Behn
Signup and view all the flashcards
Noble Savage
Noble Savage
Signup and view all the flashcards
Macabre and Gloomy Setting
Macabre and Gloomy Setting
Signup and view all the flashcards
Passion-Driven Character
Passion-Driven Character
Signup and view all the flashcards
Irrational and Perverse Impulses
Irrational and Perverse Impulses
Signup and view all the flashcards
Female Gothic
Female Gothic
Signup and view all the flashcards
Innocent Heroine
Innocent Heroine
Signup and view all the flashcards
Wordsworth's concept of poetry
Wordsworth's concept of poetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Individualism in Romanticism
Individualism in Romanticism
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Lake Poets
The Lake Poets
Signup and view all the flashcards
Coleridge's poetry style
Coleridge's poetry style
Signup and view all the flashcards
Byron's Life and Poetry
Byron's Life and Poetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Shelley and his Poetry
Shelley and his Poetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Keats and his Odes
Keats and his Odes
Signup and view all the flashcards
Romanticism vs. Enlightenment
Romanticism vs. Enlightenment
Signup and view all the flashcards
Moral Sense Theory
Moral Sense Theory
Signup and view all the flashcards
Nature Poetry
Nature Poetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Graveyard Poets
Graveyard Poets
Signup and view all the flashcards
Regional Folklore
Regional Folklore
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tabula Rasa
Tabula Rasa
Signup and view all the flashcards
Enlightenment
Enlightenment
Signup and view all the flashcards
Era of Revolutions
Era of Revolutions
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sentimentalism
Sentimentalism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Restoration
Restoration
Signup and view all the flashcards
Trade-Based Economy
Trade-Based Economy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Whigs
Whigs
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tories
Tories
Signup and view all the flashcards
Classicism
Classicism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Satire
Satire
Signup and view all the flashcards
Novel
Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Periodical
Periodical
Signup and view all the flashcards
Character Sketch
Character Sketch
Signup and view all the flashcards
Horatian Satire
Horatian Satire
Signup and view all the flashcards
Encyclopaedia
Encyclopaedia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Victorian Era
Victorian Era
Signup and view all the flashcards
British Imperialism
British Imperialism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Civilizing Mission
Civilizing Mission
Signup and view all the flashcards
Scientific Expansion
Scientific Expansion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Urban Expansion
Urban Expansion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Oxford Movement
Oxford Movement
Signup and view all the flashcards
Theory of Evolution
Theory of Evolution
Signup and view all the flashcards
Middle Class
Middle Class
Signup and view all the flashcards
Victorian Morality
Victorian Morality
Signup and view all the flashcards
Victorian Realism
Victorian Realism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pathos
Pathos
Signup and view all the flashcards
Naturalism
Naturalism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Victorian Poetry
Victorian Poetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Fantasy Literature
Fantasy Literature
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sensibility
Sensibility
Signup and view all the flashcards
Disjointed Fragments
Disjointed Fragments
Signup and view all the flashcards
Critical Realism
Critical Realism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey
Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sense and Sensibility
Sense and Sensibility
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Giaour
The Giaour
Signup and view all the flashcards
Frankenstein
Frankenstein
Signup and view all the flashcards
Victorian Period
Victorian Period
Signup and view all the flashcards
Traditional Victorian Drama's Limitation
Traditional Victorian Drama's Limitation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Post-War Britain's Decline
Post-War Britain's Decline
Signup and view all the flashcards
Post-War Democratization
Post-War Democratization
Signup and view all the flashcards
Kitchen Sink Drama
Kitchen Sink Drama
Signup and view all the flashcards
Theatre of the Absurd
Theatre of the Absurd
Signup and view all the flashcards
Royal Court Theatre
Royal Court Theatre
Signup and view all the flashcards
Angry Young Men
Angry Young Men
Signup and view all the flashcards
Post-1965 Drama
Post-1965 Drama
Signup and view all the flashcards
Rise of Consumerism
Rise of Consumerism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Orientalism
Orientalism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Modernism
Modernism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Imagism
Imagism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Stream of consciousness
Stream of consciousness
Signup and view all the flashcards
Experimentation with time
Experimentation with time
Signup and view all the flashcards
Collage
Collage
Signup and view all the flashcards
James Joyce
James Joyce
Signup and view all the flashcards
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Signup and view all the flashcards
D.H. Lawrence
D.H. Lawrence
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ezra Pound
Ezra Pound
Signup and view all the flashcards
William Carlos Williams
William Carlos Williams
Signup and view all the flashcards
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Signup and view all the flashcards
William James
William James
Signup and view all the flashcards
Edwardian Era
Edwardian Era
Signup and view all the flashcards
Georgian Era
Georgian Era
Signup and view all the flashcards
Absolute Monarchy
Absolute Monarchy
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Interregnum
The Interregnum
Signup and view all the flashcards
Heroic Drama
Heroic Drama
Signup and view all the flashcards
Restoration Comedy
Restoration Comedy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Bildungsroman
Bildungsroman
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
Signup and view all the flashcards
Aestheticism
Aestheticism
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Importance of Being Earnest
The Importance of Being Earnest
Signup and view all the flashcards
Art for Art’s Sake
Art for Art’s Sake
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dystopian Novel
Dystopian Novel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Interwar Period
Interwar Period
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Movement
The Movement
Signup and view all the flashcards
Absurd Drama
Absurd Drama
Signup and view all the flashcards
Welfare State
Welfare State
Signup and view all the flashcards
Totalitarianism
Totalitarianism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cold War
Cold War
Signup and view all the flashcards
Beveridge Report
Beveridge Report
Signup and view all the flashcards
Consumerist Society
Consumerist Society
Signup and view all the flashcards
Drawing-room Drama
Drawing-room Drama
Signup and view all the flashcards
British Empire
British Empire
Signup and view all the flashcards
Scientific Positivism
Scientific Positivism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Neo-Gothic Revival
Neo-Gothic Revival
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dramatic Monologue
Dramatic Monologue
Signup and view all the flashcards
Melodrama
Melodrama
Signup and view all the flashcards
Art for Art's Sake
Art for Art's Sake
Signup and view all the flashcards
Fabian Society
Fabian Society
Signup and view all the flashcards
Comedy of Manners
Comedy of Manners
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Old English Literature (600-1066 AD)
- Anglo-Saxon culture, values, and writing were dominated by heroic epics, lyrical and religious texts, alliteration, and kennings.
- Germanic tribes migrated to Britain after the Roman withdrawal, leading to the first English literary culture.
- Society consisted of small, independent communities (heptarchy of 7 kingdoms).
- Key values included loyalty, revenge, fatalism (belief in fate), and materialism.
- Paganism was the dominant religion, with a belief in fate (Wyrd).
- Christianity arrived in 597 AD, quickly converting the Anglo-Saxons.
- Literature was initially oral, transmitted by bards and scopes.
- Written literature emerged after Christianization, primarily in monasteries.
- Important manuscripts include Junius, Vitellius, Vercelli, and Exeter.
- Secular poetry included charms, proverbs, riddles, heroic epics (Beowulf), battle poetry, and elegies.
- Northumbria and Mercia, and later Wessex were significant cultural centers.
- Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum was a crucial historical record.
- King Alfred of Wessex played a key role in uniting England and preserving Anglo-Saxon culture. He translated Latin works and initiated the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
Anglo-Norman Literature (1066-1300)
- The Norman Conquest (1066) brought French culture and language to England.
- A rigid feudal system emerged, with the king as the supreme landowner.
- French became the official language of the elite, leading to a trilingual system (French, English, Latin).
- Anglo-Norman literature reflected this cultural shift and incorporated continental styles, forms, and genres replacing alliteration with rhyme.
- The Domesday Book (1086) was the first comprehensive economic record of England.
- Metrical romances became popular, influenced by chansons de geste and Ovid's work. Themes often revolved around chivalry, adventure, and beauty.
- Debates, chronicling in verse (Historia Brutonum), and shorter metrical stories were also part of the literary landscape.
Middle English Literature (1350-1400)
- The Hundred Years' War with France led to a revival of English.
- A new vocabulary was blended from French and Anglo-Saxon origins as English steadily grew in usage.
- Social structure shifted with the rise of cities and the middle class.
- The Church's influence began to decline as universities and urban centers gained prominence.
- John Wycliffe championed religious reform, translating the Bible into English.
- Important poetry included The Vision of Piers Plowman, The Owl and the Nightingale, and works by Geoffrey Chaucer.
- Chaucer's Canterbury Tales is a significant example of Middle English literature, showcasing diverse social classes and moral reflections.
16th & 17th Century Poetry and Prose
- The Tudor dynasty (1485-1603) witnessed relative stability, trade, exploration, and artistic flourishing.
- The Renaissance brought a shift in focus toward human potential and earthly existence, drawing inspiration from classical Greece and Rome.
- The sonnet, introduced by Petrarch and popularized in England, became a significant form.
- Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene and Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophel and Stella were key Renaissance works.
- Thomas More's Utopia explored perfect community ideas.
- The Reformation and humanism impacted literary endeavors leading to an English translation of the Bible.
- The Metaphysical poets (like John Donne) emerged in the 17th century, pushing the boundaries of Renaissance poetic forms.
- The Civil War and the Restoration marked a period of political upheaval, influencing the evolution of literary styles and themes.
Origins of Drama
- Medieval drama emerged from liturgical practices and evolved from static tableaux to dynamic tropes and liturgical plays.
- Mystery plays, often performed by guilds, retold biblical stories.
- Miraculous plays centered on the lives of saints, while morality plays explored abstract qualities like virtues and vices.
- Farce provided secular, humorous entertainment.
- These evolving forms paved the path to Elizabethan drama.
Elizabethan and Jacobean Drama
- During the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras, professional theatre companies arose, including the Lord Admiral's Men and the Lord Chamberlain's Men (later the Globe).
- Performances of tragedies of revenge and works celebrating extreme characters became popular.
- Playwrights and theatres sought royal patronage and censorship.
- Important playwrights included Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare.
Classicism and Enlightenment
- The Restoration period (1660-1680s) in England saw a shift to a constitutional monarchy.
- Classicism emphasized reason, order, and symmetry in art and literature, drawing inspiration from classical Greece and Rome.
- Notable Classicist writers included Alexander Pope, who wrote critical essays.
- The Enlightenment furthered these trends, promoting the power of human reason and scientific inquiry.
- Key figures of the period include John Locke, with his concept of the tabula rasa, and Joseph Addison and Richard Steele, who started periodicals like The Tatler and The Spectator.
- Satire, particularly from writers like Jonathan Swift, became a common tool to critique society and its moral failings.
Rise of the English Novel
- The novel emerged in the early 18th century, blending elements of earlier genres like romance, diaries, and memoirs.
- Key figures in the development of the novel include Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson (sentimental novels like Pamela), and Henry Fielding (picaresque novels like Tom Jones).
- The novel reflected the rise of the middle class and the increasing importance of realistic representations of daily life.
Pre-Romanticism
- Pre-Romanticism, emerging in the later 18th century, marked a reaction against the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason.
- Writers like William Blake and Robert Burns focused on individual emotion, the sublime aspects of nature, and the value of common people and their experiences.
Romanticism
- Romanticism, a significant reaction against Enlightenment ideas and ideals, emphasized emotion, individuality, and the power of the natural world.
- Key figures in this movement include William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and John Keats, whose works explored personal experience and the relationship between man and nature.
Victorian Prose
- The Victorian era (1837-1901) saw tremendous social and industrial change, along with the expansion of the British Empire.
- Key Victorian novelists like Charles Dickens (social commentary), George Eliot (psychological depth), and the Bronte sisters (emotional intensity) explored the complexities of Victorian society.
- Naturalism and critical realism became increasingly important literary approaches.
Victorian Poetry
- Victorian poetry reflected the social and cultural shifts of the era, engaging with themes of individualism, nature, and social criticism.
- Poets like Alfred, Lord Tennyson, and the Brontë's Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Browning are well-known.
- The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood sought inspiration in medieval art and emphasized vivid imagery.
- Modernist sensibilities began to emerge during the later Victorian era.
Drama from Restoration to 1900
- Restoration drama included a mixture of heroic drama, comedy of manners, and sentimental comedy.
- Playwrights like William Congreve and Richard Brinsley Sheridan contributed to the development of these forms.
- Victorian plays often employed elements of melodrama.
- Modernist playwrights, like George Bernard Shaw and Oscar Wilde, brought new critical perspectives to dramatic writing.
20th Century – Ethnic Literature
- The post-war period and decolonization led to the emergence of ethnic literature, reflecting the experiences of immigrant communities and challenging traditional literary perspectives.
- Authors like Salman Rushdie and Kazuo Ishiguro played important roles in this development.
20th Century – Literature at the Turn of the Century
- The Edwardian and Georgian eras saw a release from Victorian rigidity and the introduction of modernist perspectives informed by scientific developments (Einstein, Freud, James).
- The First World War had a profound impact on literature, creating a sense of disillusionment, fragmentation, and distrust of previous optimism.
- Modernist experimentation in poetry and prose—including imagism, stream of consciousness, and focus on psychological realism—featured prominently.
20th Century - From the Interwar Period until the 1950s
- The interwar period was marked by economic instability and the rise of totalitarian ideologies, leading to World War II.
- Dystopian novels, reflecting the anxieties of the time, gained popularity, with notable examples by Aldous Huxley and George Orwell.
- The post-war era saw Britain's decline in global power and the introduction of the Welfare State.
- The rise of consumerism created a new literary landscape with poets and writers exploring themes of social change and the evolving nature of the modern world.
20th Century - Drama from Post-War to the Present
- Post-war British drama saw a shift away from traditional drawing-room drama towards more radical forms.
- Absurd drama emerged, reflected in works by Samuel Beckett, while the kitchen-sink dramatists explored contemporary social issues.
- Playwrights associated with the Angry Young Men movement addressed social inequalities.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.