Untitled Quiz

Types of Legal Liability

• Civil liability, criminal liability, and administrative liability are key classifications of legal accountability.

Federal Law

• 42 U.S.C. 1983 addresses civil action for deprivation of rights under color of state law.

Criminal Liability

• Defined under state law in Georgia as per 16-5-1 and 16-5-42, detailing offenses related to violent crimes.

Criminal Liability (Federal)

• Federal statutes 18 USC 241 and 242 outline crimes against civil rights and conspiracies to impede rights.

Administrative Liability

• Violations may lead to consequences such as dismissal, demotion, transfer, or reprimand.

Vicarious Liability

• Supervisors can be held responsible for the actions of subordinates, primarily due to negligent hiring, retention, or lack of training.

Elements in Tort Liability

• Duty owed to the plaintiff, breach of that duty, resulting injury to the plaintiff, proximate cause linking breach to injury, and proof of damages are core elements.

Civil Liability

• Governed by federal law, particularly under 42 U.S.C. 1983, focusing on civil torts.

Intentional Torts

• Involve deliberate actions by peace officers intended to cause physical or mental harm to others.

Negligent Torts

• Occur when an officer acts within their duty but fails to exercise due care, leading to harm.

Most Common Actions for Suit

• Responses often include use of force, negligent motor vehicle operation, and unlawful deprivation of freedom.

Tort

• A civil wrong that allows an injured party to pursue damages for their loss.

Good Faith Defense

• Legitimacy based on honesty, duty adherence, fair dealing practices, and absence of malice.

Conspiracy Against Rights

• Formed when two or more individuals collaborate to violate another's rights under 18 USC 241.

Title 18 USC 242

• Addresses the deprivation of rights under color of law, emphasizing accountability for public officials.

Absolute Immunity

• Officials may be completely exempt from civil liability for actions performed in critical capacities, such as law-making or judicial roles.

Quasi-Judicial Immunity

• Certain officials are immune from liability during judicial-like functions but not for other duties tied to their role.

Communication

• The act of conveying information effectively to ensure understanding.

Interpersonal Communication

• Success in communication involves connecting with another person, focusing on the intended vs. the received message.

Verbal Communications

• Predominantly used form of communication; however, body language often contradicts verbal messages.

Non-Verbal Communication

• More impactful than spoken words; only 7% of the message is communicated through spoken language.

Effective Communications

• Characteristics include active listening, patience, sensitivity, and observance.

Aspects of Communication

• Essential elements include intended message, sent message, and received message.

Barriers to Effective Communication

• Common obstacles include interruptions, inattentiveness, space invasion, overreactions, distractions, and prejudices.

Intellectual Disability Disorder (IDD)

• Impairments that significantly hinder an individual's ability to function are highlighted, with no specific age requirement for diagnosis.

Characteristics of IDD

• Indicators include limited verbal abilities, reduced attention span, and weak short-term memory.

Types of Mental Illness

• Includes conditions like bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Characteristics of Mentally Ill Individuals

• Notable changes in behavior, memory loss, and auditory hallucinations can manifest.