Ohlone Culture and Recognition Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the rematriation model aim to restore?

  • Indigenous women to their rightful place in relation to ancestral land (correct)
  • Federal recognition of tribes
  • Historical documentation of tribes
  • Financial independence for tribes

    • The shellmound is considered a feature of nature only.

    False

    What is the purpose of the Sogorea Te' Land Trust?

    To protect and conserve ancestral lands for indigenous communities.

    The number of tribes awaiting federal recognition is estimated to be _____ nationwide.

    <p>374</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

    <p>Cultural Unity = The shared identity and connection among community members. Historical Continuity = The ongoing relationship with history and ancestral practices. Land Trust = An organization that supports land conservation. Rematriation = Restoration of indigenous women to their rightful place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major challenge do tribes face in the recognition process?

    <p>Destruction of extensive documentation through colonization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Corrina Gould suggests there are significant monuments of the Ohlone people in the Bay Area.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Alfred Kroeber, how long did the people in the Bay Area likely inhabit their land?

    <p>1,200 - 5,000 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shellmound is described as a monument to chaos and instability.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Margolin seek to avoid in his reconstruction of pre-contact Bay Area life?

    <p>Shallow portrayal and dehumanizing stereotypes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Margolin's approach to understanding the Ohlone involved a balance of _____ and _____ speculation.

    <p>scholarship, imaginative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following descriptions with the corresponding stereotypes of indigenous people:

    <p>'Diggers' = A dirty, impoverished people who lived without culture 'Noble savages' = A faultless people living in idyllic peace and prosperity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the Ohlone vision for the land presented in 2017?

    <p>Creating a living cultural space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ohlone vision includes re-interment of expropriated ancestral remains.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Johnella LaRose mean by 'sacred space'?

    <p>Land that carries deep spiritual significance and healing for all people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The proposed memorial includes a spiral path and views across the _____ .

    <p>bay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the Ohlone vision with their descriptions:

    <p>Daylighting of Strawberry Creek = Restoration of natural waterways Open-space memorial = Commemoration of ancestral heritage Living cultural space = Revitalization of traditional practices Memorial/education center = Learning about Ohlone history and culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the 'Decentralization' concept in the context of the Ohlone vision?

    <p>Emphasizing multiple small sacred spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ohlone vision excludes multi-cultural and interracial participation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ecological concept is emphasized in 'The Ohlone Way'?

    <p>Ecology of abundance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The land trust proposed by _____ aims to facilitate healing for all people.

    <p>Johnella LaRose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'hunter-gatherers' imply regarding the people of the pre-conquest Bay Area?

    <p>They possessed complexity and scientific knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Bay Area was described as a virgin wilderness untouched by human hands.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge does millennia-long cultural and ecological stability pose to History?

    <p>It questions conventional narratives and perspectives on human impact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    California's wilderness was ______ managed and cultivated.

    <p>knowledgeably</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their meanings:

    <p>Familiarity = Intimate and friendly relations with other-than-human beings Utopian = Imagined ideal states or conditions Ecological Diversity = Variety within ecosystems Cultural Diversity = Variety within human cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What observation was made about animals in the Bay Area upon European arrival?

    <p>They were unafraid and close to humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Early Europeans found that hunting in California was consistently easy and advantageous.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the significance of the correlation between ecological diversity and human cultural/linguistic diversity.

    <p>It highlights how rich ecosystems can support diverse human cultures and languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ challenge posed by Cronon seeks to reimagine human presence as constructive.

    <p>historical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the first European accounts of California's wildlife?

    <p>Descriptions involving shooting wildlife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cultural shift among animals is suggested during colonization?

    <p>Animals increased their distance from people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ritual and ceremony are considered unnecessary for ecological processes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Ohlones do at dawn according to the passage?

    <p>They shout words of greeting and encouragement to the rising sun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Familiarity entails a kind of ______, politeness, and respect towards other beings.

    <p>etiquette</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the absence of dramatic ‘horizons’ in Bay Area shellmounds suggest?

    <p>Stability and moderate growth over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Western scientific approach values emotional connections to nature.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do some beings, other than humans, possess moral or ethical standing?

    <p>They are presumed to be persons with whom we have intrinsic relations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The path mentioned has a name and is treated with ______ by the mother.

    <p>kindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied to be a consequence of the cultural shift in animals?

    <p>Change in animals' habits and characters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Beyond Recognition: Women Preserving Native Culture (2014)

    • Flaws and gaps in federal tribal recognition processes exist, placing onus on tribes to prove historical continuity, cultural unity, and authenticity. Extensive documentation is often destroyed by colonization.
    • 374 tribes nationwide (81 in California) and an estimated 80,000 people are awaiting recognition.
    • Rematriation: Indigenous women-led restoration of a people to their rightful place in sacred relationship with ancestral land. This is a different and complimentary model than existing processes.
    • Land trusts: non-profit organizations purchasing and preserving land, addressing citizens' desire to protect land. This approach focuses on cultural and natural conservation and revitalization.
    • Ohlone relationships to ancestral land continue in modern times, evidenced by urban places. The land demonstrates language, food, medicine, and ceremonies.
    • An organization in Vallejo attempted to save a sacred site from development. This demonstrates the crucial point that land brought people together to rediscover a sense of shared identity—a pivotal moment and shared history.

    Ohlone Way: Indian Life in the San Francisco-Monterey Bay Area (1978)

    • Pre-contact Bay Area ecology was abundant and rich in biodiversity; human life flourished within it.
    • The area, as recently as the 1750s, possessed sophisticated technical ingenuity, expertise, and knowledge in managing resources and the ecological environment, contrary to an image of “wilderness.”
    • Ecological diversity and human cultural/linguistic diversity are correlated.
    • Millennia-long stability poses challenges to understanding the area's history.
    • Recreating pre-contact Bay Area life is a speculative and imaginative act, with conscious and unconscious utopian elements.

    Constructiveness/destructiveness: the ethics of kinship/familiarity with other-than-human beings

    • Early European accounts often describe the abundance of wildlife, but also emphasize practices aimed at hunting and killing animals.
    • The relationship between humans and animals was one of inherent familiarity and ease, but colonization caused a shift in that relationship.
    • Animals altered their habits and behaviors in response to human presence.

    An ethics of "familiarity"

    • Before European arrival, the Ohlone people greeted the rising sun with words of greeting and encouragement.
    • Rituals and ceremonies were important parts of the flow of natural phenomena.
    • Respect and consideration for non-human beings and the land was crucial to everyday life.
    • Familiarity with the land and its components was integral to daily survival in ways that contradicted modern Western perspectives on observation and knowledge.

    Our difficulty reckoning with stability as/in history

    • Shellmounds offer evidence of change and growth over time, contrasting with other areas with more dramatic historical shifts.
    • Bay Area people and their land interacted for centuries and gradually shaped landscapes, resources, and practices.
    • The way we understand history is challenged by shellmounds and the evidence they offer.

    For Margolin, reconstructing pre-contact Bay Area life

    • Margolin discusses how the act of reconstructing the lives of the Ohlone is a speculative and imaginative act with utopian elements, acknowledging the difficulty of fully understanding the past.
    • Speculation is necessary to envision pre-contact life. This involves a discussion of the limitations placed on current knowledge of the Ohlone and how incomplete information affects interpretations of the past.
    • This acknowledgment of the limits of knowing leads to appreciating the inherent difficulties and risks in creating such interpretations.

    Reconstructing Ohlone life as consciously and unconsciously utopian

    • The Ohlone way of life consisted of a multitude of practices and values.
    • The cultural practices of Native people are still evident in the ways that indigenous communities address history.
    • Questions a challenge about the limitations placed on modern approaches to studying history.

    Rematriate, Regenerate, Reparation, Extraction

    • Indigenous and Indigenous-led efforts aimed at restoring sacred relationships to land.
    • Regenerative efforts focused on restoring lost traditions, spirituality, and knowledge systems that are integral to ancestral territories.
    • Repairing harm and wrongdoings through formal and informal actions of providing reparations.
    • Specific actions of removing and taking resources.

    The Fate of U.C. Berkeley in Ecotopia

    • Students and faculty can address issues through a system of education that fosters creative and intellectual engagement with ideas and practices.
    • There is a lack of dedicated academic study in areas such as political science, sociology, and psychology in modern educational systems.
    • Institutions of higher learning can take meaningful and constructive steps toward fostering and celebrating indigenous culture and knowledge systems.

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    Related Documents

    Beyond Recognition: The Ohlone Way (2014) PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the Ohlone people's culture, history, and the current challenges they face in gaining federal recognition. This quiz will cover topics like the Sogorea Te' Land Trust, shellmounds, and key figures in Ohlone studies. Explore the vision of the Ohlone for their land and the historical context presented in recent discussions.

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