14 Questions
What kind of property includes land and buildings?
Immovable property
What is the maximum punishment for theft under the Pakistan Penal Code?
Up to 3 years imprisonment
Which section of the Pakistan Penal Code deals with extortion?
Section 383-389
What is the intention behind committing robbery according to the Pakistan Penal Code?
To commit extortion
What is the primary difference between theft and criminal misappropriation?
Theft involves taking property from someone’s possession without consent, while misappropriation involves converting property for personal use
Who can commit criminal breach of trust under the Pakistan Penal Code?
A person in a position of trust such as a banker or attorney
Which type of property can be moved from one place to another?
Movable property
What is the maximum punishment for committing criminal breach of trust under the Pakistan Penal Code?
Up to 7 years imprisonment
What is the primary element of robbery that distinguishes it from other crimes?
Use of force or fear
What is the minimum term of imprisonment for robbery under Section 392?
7 years
What is the main difference between robbery and dacoity?
The number of persons involved
What is the term for robbery committed in a building or in a tent?
Housebreaking robbery
What is the term for robbery committed on a highway or in a place adjacent to a highway?
Highway robbery
What is the maximum term of imprisonment for robbery under Section 392?
14 years
Study Notes
Offences Against Property under Pakistan Penal Code
Definition of Property
- Property includes movable and immovable property
- Movable property: anything that can be moved from one place to another (e.g., goods, money, securities)
- Immovable property: land, buildings, and anything attached to the earth (e.g., trees, houses)
Offences Against Property
Theft (Section 378-382 PPC)
- Definition: Whoever, intending to take dishonestly any movable property out of the possession of any person without that person's consent, moves that property in order to such taking, is said to commit theft.
- Punishment: imprisonment up to 3 years or fine or both
Extortion (Section 383-389 PPC)
- Definition: Whoever intentionally puts any person in fear of any injury to that person, or to any other, and thereby dishonestly induces the person so put in fear to deliver to any property or valuable security, is said to commit extortion.
- Punishment: imprisonment up to 3 years or fine or both
Robbery (Section 390-402 PPC)
- Definition: Whoever, in order to commit extortion, puts any person in fear of instant death, or of instant hurt, or of instant wrongful restraint, to that person, or to any other person, and commits extortion, is said to commit robbery.
- Punishment: imprisonment up to 10 years or fine or both
Criminal Misappropriation of Property (Section 403-404 PPC)
- Definition: Whoever dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use any movable property, is said to commit criminal misappropriation of property.
- Punishment: imprisonment up to 2 years or fine or both
Criminal Breach of Trust (Section 405-409 PPC)
- Definition: Whoever, being in a position of trust as a public servant, or in the way of his business as a banker, merchant, factor, broker, or attorney, commits criminal breach of trust, is said to commit criminal breach of trust.
- Punishment: imprisonment up to 7 years or fine or both
Offences Against Property under Pakistan Penal Code
Definition of Property
- Property includes both movable and immovable property
- Movable property: goods, money, securities, and anything that can be moved from one place to another
- Immovable property: land, buildings, and anything attached to the earth, including trees and houses
Offences Against Property
Theft (Section 378-382 PPC)
- Definition: taking movable property dishonestly without consent, with the intention of taking it
- Punishment: up to 3 years imprisonment, fine, or both
Extortion (Section 383-389 PPC)
- Definition: putting someone in fear to dishonestly induce them to deliver property or valuable security
- Punishment: up to 3 years imprisonment, fine, or both
Robbery (Section 390-402 PPC)
- Definition: extortion by putting someone in fear of instant death, hurt, or wrongful restraint
- Punishment: up to 10 years imprisonment, fine, or both
Criminal Misappropriation of Property (Section 403-404 PPC)
- Definition: dishonestly misappropriating or converting movable property to one's own use
- Punishment: up to 2 years imprisonment, fine, or both
Criminal Breach of Trust (Section 405-409 PPC)
- Definition: breaching trust as a public servant or in a business capacity (e.g., banker, merchant, factor, broker, or attorney)
- Punishment: up to 7 years imprisonment, fine, or both
Offences against Property: Robbery (Pakistan Penal Code)
Definition of Robbery
- Robbery is taking property from a person's possession against their will, using force or fear of instant death, hurt, or wrongful restraint.
Essential Elements of Robbery
- Property must be taken (movable or immovable)
- Property must be taken from a person's possession
- Property must be taken against the person's will
- Force or fear of instant death, hurt, or wrongful restraint must be used
Types of Robbery
- Highway Robbery: committed on a highway or in a place adjacent to a highway (Section 391)
- Housebreaking Robbery: committed in a building or in a tent, with the intention of committing theft (Section 392)
Punishment for Robbery
- Imprisonment for 7-14 years and a fine (Section 392)
Difference between Robbery and Dacoity
- Robbery: committed by one person
- Dacoity: committed by five or more persons
- Both are punishable under the Pakistan Penal Code, with dacoity carrying a more severe punishment
Test your knowledge of property laws in Pakistan, including definition of property and offences against it, such as theft, under the Pakistan Penal Code.
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