Octet Rule and the Formation of Compounds in General Chemistry
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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of the self-learning kit (SLK) mentioned in the text?

  • Learning about the history of chemistry
  • Exploring the process of photosynthesis
  • Studying the properties of metallic elements
  • Understanding the bonding of different atoms to form molecules (correct)

In what way do nonmetallic elements form molecular compounds?

  • By forming metallic bonds
  • By transferring electrons
  • By sharing covalent bonds (correct)
  • By creating ionic bonds

What are the four classes of compounds found in living things according to the text?

  • Hydrocarbons, halogens, noble gases, and oxides
  • Metals, nonmetals, metalloids, and noble gases
  • Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids (correct)
  • Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds

What type of atoms are held together by covalent bonds to form molecular compounds?

<p>Nonmetallic elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the most important processes in chemistry according to the text?

<p>The bonding of different atoms to form molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will the self–learning kit serve as a guide for?

<p>Writing chemical formulas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the octet rule, atoms tend to bond in such a way that each atom has how many electrons in its valence shell?

<p>8 electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which American chemist is credited with the explanation of the octet rule?

<p>Gilbert Lewis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do atoms satisfy the octet rule?

<p>By sharing their valence electrons with other atoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the formation of stable compounds, atoms with fewer than eight electrons tend to:

<p>React and form more stable compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT mentioned as being especially applicable to the octet rule?

<p>Sodium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the observation that main group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has:

<p>8 electrons in its valence shell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way in which atoms can satisfy the octet rule?

<p>Losing all their valence electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the octet rule is true?

<p>'Main group elements tend to bond so that each atom has 8 electrons in its valence shell' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'An exception to an octet of electrons is in the case of the first nobl' - Based on this statement, what do you think is the missing word?

<p>'noble gas' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'During the formation of the compound NaCl, one electron is transferred from a sodium atom to a chlorine.' - Which type of bonding process does this statement describe?

<p>Ionic bonding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the Lewis structure module mentioned in the text?

<p>Drawing Lewis structures of simple compounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which American chemist is credited with the explanation of the octet rule?

<p>Gilbert Lewis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do nonmetallic elements form molecular compounds?

<p>By sharing electrons with each other (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the octet rule, atoms tend to bond in such a way that each atom has how many electrons in its valence shell?

<p>8 electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are atoms with fewer than eight electrons in their valence shell likely to do in the formation of stable compounds?

<p>Gain more electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT mentioned as being especially applicable to the octet rule?

<p>Lithium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical bond results from a sharing of electrons by two or more atoms, usually nonmetals?

<p>Covalent bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements tends to give off electrons to become stable and acquire a positive charge?

<p>Potassium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for the formation of the Lewis structure proposed by Gilbert Newton Lewis?

<p>Location of valence electrons in the outermost energy level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a monoatomic element stable as a single atom with a stable octet of valence electrons?

<p>Neon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of electron interactions when atoms combine to form compounds?

<p>Ionic bond formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which energy level are the valence electrons located?

<p>$n$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chemical bonding process involves a transfer of electrons from one species to another?

<p>Ionic bonding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'In order for an element to be stable by itself, it needs to have a stable octet of valence electrons.' - What is this concept commonly known as?

<p>$\text{Octet rule} $ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Elements tend to give off or accept an electron to be stable or to attain a noble-gas configuration.' - Which group of elements tends to accept electrons to become stable?

<p>$6^{th}$ group nonmetals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'The Lewis Structure Electrons are located further outside of the nucleus of an atom.' - What type of electrons are utilized in the Lewis structure and represented by dots?

<p>Valence electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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