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Questions and Answers
In an electrical circuit, where should an ammeter be connected?
In an electrical circuit, where should an ammeter be connected?
Which component allows current to flow in only one direction in an electrical circuit?
Which component allows current to flow in only one direction in an electrical circuit?
What is the correct direction of current flow in an electrical circuit?
What is the correct direction of current flow in an electrical circuit?
Which of the following is used to measure voltage in an electrical circuit?
Which of the following is used to measure voltage in an electrical circuit?
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What type of component must be used for current to flow in only one direction?
What type of component must be used for current to flow in only one direction?
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When drawing a circuit diagram, why is it important to make the circuit symbols neat and clear?
When drawing a circuit diagram, why is it important to make the circuit symbols neat and clear?
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What is the purpose of an ammeter in a circuit?
What is the purpose of an ammeter in a circuit?
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In which way are an ammeter and voltmeter typically connected in a circuit?
In which way are an ammeter and voltmeter typically connected in a circuit?
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Why are the resistances of ammeters and voltmeters considered negligible in exam questions?
Why are the resistances of ammeters and voltmeters considered negligible in exam questions?
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What is an essential component required for electric circuit diagrams to work effectively?
What is an essential component required for electric circuit diagrams to work effectively?
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Which of the following is necessary for electrons to flow in a complete loop in a circuit?
Which of the following is necessary for electrons to flow in a complete loop in a circuit?
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What is the role of circuit symbols in interpreting electric circuit diagrams?
What is the role of circuit symbols in interpreting electric circuit diagrams?
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What is the function of a light-emitting diode (LED)?
What is the function of a light-emitting diode (LED)?
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Which component of a circuit limits the flow of current?
Which component of a circuit limits the flow of current?
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What happens to the resistance of a thermistor as its temperature increases?
What happens to the resistance of a thermistor as its temperature increases?
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Which component is used to convert AC (Alternating Current) to DC (Direct Current)?
Which component is used to convert AC (Alternating Current) to DC (Direct Current)?
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In which direction does a diode allow current flow?
In which direction does a diode allow current flow?
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What type of component is often used in dimmer switches and volume controls?
What type of component is often used in dimmer switches and volume controls?
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In which direction does conventional current flow in a metal?
In which direction does conventional current flow in a metal?
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What is the unit used to measure electric current?
What is the unit used to measure electric current?
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When two oppositely charged conductors are connected together, what will happen?
When two oppositely charged conductors are connected together, what will happen?
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How should an ammeter be connected in a circuit to measure current?
How should an ammeter be connected in a circuit to measure current?
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Which component is used to measure current in a circuit?
Which component is used to measure current in a circuit?
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What is the relationship between charge, current, and time according to the given equation?
What is the relationship between charge, current, and time according to the given equation?
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What is electric current defined as?
What is electric current defined as?
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In metals, which component is responsible for creating the flow of charge?
In metals, which component is responsible for creating the flow of charge?
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What makes metals good conductors of electricity?
What makes metals good conductors of electricity?
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What type of ion is an anion?
What type of ion is an anion?
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Which components create current flow in electrolytes?
Which components create current flow in electrolytes?
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What do the free (delocalised) electrons do when one side of the metal is attached to a negative terminal and the other to a positive terminal?
What do the free (delocalised) electrons do when one side of the metal is attached to a negative terminal and the other to a positive terminal?
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Which component is always connected in series in an electrical circuit?
Which component is always connected in series in an electrical circuit?
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In which direction does current flow in a metal conductor?
In which direction does current flow in a metal conductor?
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Which type of diode allows current to flow in only one direction?
Which type of diode allows current to flow in only one direction?
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What is the main function of an ammeter in an electrical circuit?
What is the main function of an ammeter in an electrical circuit?
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What happens to the resistance of a thermistor as its temperature increases?
What happens to the resistance of a thermistor as its temperature increases?
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Why are the resistances of ammeters and voltmeters considered negligible in exam questions?
Why are the resistances of ammeters and voltmeters considered negligible in exam questions?
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Which diagram would correctly represent a circuit with a forward-biased diode allowing current flow?
Which diagram would correctly represent a circuit with a forward-biased diode allowing current flow?
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In which type of material do free (delocalized) electrons allow electric current to flow most easily?
In which type of material do free (delocalized) electrons allow electric current to flow most easily?
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What is the purpose of drawing and interpreting circuit diagrams using symbols in the context of electricity?
What is the purpose of drawing and interpreting circuit diagrams using symbols in the context of electricity?
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Which component is essential for creating a closed path or complete circuit in an electrical system?
Which component is essential for creating a closed path or complete circuit in an electrical system?
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What is the unit for measuring electric current?
What is the unit for measuring electric current?
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Which direction does conventional current flow in a metal?
Which direction does conventional current flow in a metal?
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In which type of material do free electrons allow for the flow of charge?
In which type of material do free electrons allow for the flow of charge?
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What happens when charge flows between two oppositely charged conductors?
What happens when charge flows between two oppositely charged conductors?
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Where should an ammeter be connected in an electrical circuit to measure current?
Where should an ammeter be connected in an electrical circuit to measure current?
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What is the primary function of a light-emitting diode (LED) in an electrical circuit?
What is the primary function of a light-emitting diode (LED) in an electrical circuit?
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Which component in a circuit is designed to limit the flow of current?
Which component in a circuit is designed to limit the flow of current?
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What effect does an increase in light intensity have on the resistance of a Light-dependent resistor (LDR)?
What effect does an increase in light intensity have on the resistance of a Light-dependent resistor (LDR)?
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In a circuit diagram, what does a diode symbol represent?
In a circuit diagram, what does a diode symbol represent?
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What is the purpose of a variable resistor in an electrical circuit?
What is the purpose of a variable resistor in an electrical circuit?
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In metals like copper and titanium, what is responsible for the flow of charge?
In metals like copper and titanium, what is responsible for the flow of charge?
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What type of ion is formed when an atom gains an electron?
What type of ion is formed when an atom gains an electron?
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What makes metals like copper good conductors of electricity?
What makes metals like copper good conductors of electricity?
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What happens to ions in electrolytes that have lost or gained an electron?
What happens to ions in electrolytes that have lost or gained an electron?
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Which type of ion is a positive ion that has lost an electron?
Which type of ion is a positive ion that has lost an electron?
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What is the main difference between an electrolyte and a metal conductor in terms of charge carriers?
What is the main difference between an electrolyte and a metal conductor in terms of charge carriers?
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Which of the following statements best describes the flow of current in terms of conventional current and electron flow?
Which of the following statements best describes the flow of current in terms of conventional current and electron flow?
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In an electrical circuit, what is the function of an ammeter?
In an electrical circuit, what is the function of an ammeter?
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When drawing circuit diagrams, what is the primary purpose of using neat and clear circuit symbols?
When drawing circuit diagrams, what is the primary purpose of using neat and clear circuit symbols?
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What role do anions and cations play in the conductivity of an electrolyte?
What role do anions and cations play in the conductivity of an electrolyte?
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In a series circuit, what happens to the current as it passes through different points?
In a series circuit, what happens to the current as it passes through different points?
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Which law applies at each junction in a parallel circuit?
Which law applies at each junction in a parallel circuit?
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What is the main difference between the current flow in a series circuit and a parallel circuit?
What is the main difference between the current flow in a series circuit and a parallel circuit?
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What should you do to avoid confusion in complex circuits regarding the direction of currents entering and leaving junctions?
What should you do to avoid confusion in complex circuits regarding the direction of currents entering and leaving junctions?
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Why is it important to draw clear and neat circuit symbols when creating circuit diagrams?
Why is it important to draw clear and neat circuit symbols when creating circuit diagrams?
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What role do junctions play in electric circuits?
What role do junctions play in electric circuits?
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How does the current split at junctions in a parallel circuit?
How does the current split at junctions in a parallel circuit?
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What is the purpose of drawing arrows indicating current flow in circuit diagrams?
What is the purpose of drawing arrows indicating current flow in circuit diagrams?
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What is the key difference between a series and a parallel circuit in terms of current division?
What is the key difference between a series and a parallel circuit in terms of current division?
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What action can help clarify the direction of currents entering and leaving junctions in complex circuits?
What action can help clarify the direction of currents entering and leaving junctions in complex circuits?
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Study Notes
Electric Circuits and Components
- A circuit can be open or closed using a switch, and for a circuit to be connected, the switch must be closed.
- Electrical components can act as sensors, measure values, or transfer energy to other forms.
- These components must be drawn with the correct circuit symbol.
Circuit Symbols and Diagrams
- Circuit symbols are used to represent components in circuit diagrams.
- The most common symbols are:
- Cell/battery/D.C. supply: provides a source of e.m.f.
- Switch: turns the circuit on (closed) or off (open)
- Fixed resistor: limits the flow of current and has a fixed resistance
- Variable resistor: has a slider to change its resistance, often used in dimmer switches and volume controls
- Thermistor: resistance depends on temperature, decreasing as temperature increases
- Light-dependent resistor (LDR): resistance depends on light intensity, decreasing as light intensity increases
- Diode: allows current to flow in one direction, used to convert AC to DC current
- Light-emitting diode (LED): equivalent to a diode and emits light when a current passes through it
Electric Current and Electron Flow
- Electric current is the rate of flow of positive charge carriers, defined as the movement of electrons in metals or ions in electrolytes.
- In metals, electrons are the charge carriers, and they flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.
- Ions in electrolytes are either anions (negative) or cations (positive), and they flow towards the opposite terminal.
Measuring Current and Voltage
- Ammeters are used to measure current in a circuit and are connected in series with the part of the circuit being measured.
- Voltmeters are used to measure the potential difference of an electrical component and are connected in parallel with the component.
Circuit Diagrams
- Circuit diagrams require:
- An energy source (e.g. cell, battery, or power supply)
- A closed path or complete circuit for electrons to flow
- Electrical components, drawn with correct circuit symbols
- When drawing circuit diagrams, use straight lines and a ruler to make it neat and clear, and ensure circuit symbols are accurate.
Exam Tips
- Make sure to recognize and draw all circuit symbols correctly.
- When drawing circuit diagrams, draw arrows to indicate current flow (from positive to negative) at each junction to help with complex circuits.
- Ensure wires are drawn as straight lines with a ruler and make the diagram as neat as possible, especially the circuit symbols.
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Description
Test your knowledge on topics such as Electric Current, Kirchhoff's First Law, Conductors, Semiconductors & Insulators, and Circuit Symbols & Diagrams in OCR A Level Physics 4.1 Charge & Current. Get ready for your exams with this quiz!