Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the preferred suction catheter for suctioning of the oropharynx?
What is the preferred suction catheter for suctioning of the oropharynx?
- Flexible catheter
- Straight catheter
- Rigid tip catheter (correct)
- Soft tip catheter
How do we measure for placement of an OPA?
How do we measure for placement of an OPA?
Corner of mouth to the earlobe
What is the proper sequence for suctioning a patient's airway?
What is the proper sequence for suctioning a patient's airway?
Turn on vacuum, manually open airway/mouth, do not put finger over catheter hole until you are in the mouth, only as far as you can see, vacuum in an upward circular motion, no more than 15 sec for adults, 10 for pediatrics, 5 for infants
What part of the lungs are obstructed when wheezing occurs?
What part of the lungs are obstructed when wheezing occurs?
What causes snoring in an unresponsive patient?
What causes snoring in an unresponsive patient?
What is the most likely cause of snoring respirations?
What is the most likely cause of snoring respirations?
How do we open a patient's airway when not concerned with a cervical injury?
How do we open a patient's airway when not concerned with a cervical injury?
How do we open a patient's airway when concerned with a cervical injury?
How do we open a patient's airway when concerned with a cervical injury?
What are the indications for using an OPA?
What are the indications for using an OPA?
What are the contraindications for using an NPA?
What are the contraindications for using an NPA?
What are we looking for while assessing a patient's respiratory effort?
What are we looking for while assessing a patient's respiratory effort?
What is the most likely cause of airway obstruction in an adult?
What is the most likely cause of airway obstruction in an adult?
If a conscious adult patient appears to be choking but can speak and cough, what should we do?
If a conscious adult patient appears to be choking but can speak and cough, what should we do?
What is the best suction catheter for an adult patient choking on pureed food?
What is the best suction catheter for an adult patient choking on pureed food?
What are signs of upper airway obstruction?
What are signs of upper airway obstruction?
What is the time limit for suctioning a patient's airway before reattempting oxygenation?
What is the time limit for suctioning a patient's airway before reattempting oxygenation?
What should we do with loose dentures in a patient?
What should we do with loose dentures in a patient?
What is diffusion?
What is diffusion?
How do we treat a patient with respirations of 6 per minute?
How do we treat a patient with respirations of 6 per minute?
What are the normal respiratory ranges for adults, pediatrics, and neonates?
What are the normal respiratory ranges for adults, pediatrics, and neonates?
What is the correct sequence of airflow from the atmosphere to the lungs?
What is the correct sequence of airflow from the atmosphere to the lungs?
What does your diaphragm do upon exhalation?
What does your diaphragm do upon exhalation?
What is the best way to deliver oxygen to a patient who is SOB and cyanotic around the lips?
What is the best way to deliver oxygen to a patient who is SOB and cyanotic around the lips?
How many rescuers are preferred for delivering oxygen via BVM?
How many rescuers are preferred for delivering oxygen via BVM?
What is the best way to determine if artificial ventilations are adequate?
What is the best way to determine if artificial ventilations are adequate?
What does the phrenic nerve control and where is it located?
What does the phrenic nerve control and where is it located?
What is the best way to administer oxygen to a COPD patient and why?
What is the best way to administer oxygen to a COPD patient and why?
Why do we assess carotid and radial pulses at the same time?
Why do we assess carotid and radial pulses at the same time?
What is the appropriate oxygen flow for a BVM?
What is the appropriate oxygen flow for a BVM?
What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
How should we deliver oxygen to a patient that is entrapped?
How should we deliver oxygen to a patient that is entrapped?
What are signs and symptoms of anxiety-related shortness of breath, and how can we treat these patients?
What are signs and symptoms of anxiety-related shortness of breath, and how can we treat these patients?
When should we consider using humidified oxygen?
When should we consider using humidified oxygen?
How often do we ventilate a patient in respiratory arrest but with a pulse?
How often do we ventilate a patient in respiratory arrest but with a pulse?
How can we assist ventilations with a patient just converted from cardiac arrest?
How can we assist ventilations with a patient just converted from cardiac arrest?
What are physical signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure?
What are physical signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure?
What are signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax?
What are signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax?
Define dyspnea.
Define dyspnea.
What patient demographic would we likely encounter 'see-saw' respirations?
What patient demographic would we likely encounter 'see-saw' respirations?
What is the BVM rate when utilizing an OPA?
What is the BVM rate when utilizing an OPA?
What are signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?
What are signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?
What medication acts as a 'Beta-2' agonist?
What medication acts as a 'Beta-2' agonist?
What are signs and symptoms of COPD?
What are signs and symptoms of COPD?
What are signs and symptoms of acute pulmonary edema?
What are signs and symptoms of acute pulmonary edema?
What are signs and symptoms of chronic bronchitis?
What are signs and symptoms of chronic bronchitis?
What symptoms may be noted with a patient suffering from congestive heart failure when laying supine at night?
What symptoms may be noted with a patient suffering from congestive heart failure when laying supine at night?
What are signs and symptoms of pneumonia?
What are signs and symptoms of pneumonia?
What type of respiratory patient would best respond to albuterol?
What type of respiratory patient would best respond to albuterol?
What are signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism?
What are signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism?
What is the etiology of cystic fibrosis?
What is the etiology of cystic fibrosis?
How can a pulmonary embolism present with crackles in the lungs?
How can a pulmonary embolism present with crackles in the lungs?
When would we notice blood-tinged sputum being coughed up?
When would we notice blood-tinged sputum being coughed up?
What symptoms may be noted when treating a patient with pneumothorax?
What symptoms may be noted when treating a patient with pneumothorax?
What type of patient may present with brownish sputum?
What type of patient may present with brownish sputum?
What should we do with an inhaler prior to assisting with administering medication?
What should we do with an inhaler prior to assisting with administering medication?
Study Notes
Airway Management Principles
- Preferred suction catheter for oropharynx: Rigid tip catheter is optimal for effective suctioning.
- OPA placement measurement: Measure from the corner of the mouth to the earlobe for appropriate oropharyngeal airway size.
- Suctioning procedure: Sequence includes turning on the vacuum, manually opening the airway, avoiding finger placement over the catheter hole until inside the mouth, and using upward circular motion for a maximum of 15 seconds (adults) or less for pediatrics and infants.
Respiratory Sound Etiology
- Wheezing: Indicates constriction of bronchioles, commonly associated with asthma or bronchiolitis. Often treated with inhaled albuterol.
- Snoring: Occurs when the tongue relaxes and obstructs airflow in unresponsive patients.
Airway Management Techniques
- Airway opening without cervical injury: Use the head tilt-chin lift method.
- Airway opening with cervical injury concern: Employ the jaw-thrust maneuver for safer management.
OPA and NPA Considerations
- OPA indications: Suitable for unresponsive patients without a gag reflex or apneic patients with BVM ventilation. Contraindicated for conscious patients or those with a gag reflex.
- NPA indications: Useful for semiconscious/unconscious patients with intact gag reflex and those who can't tolerate OPA. Contraindicated in severe head injury with nasal bleeding or history of nasal fractures.
Respiratory Effort Assessment
- Normal respiratory rates: Adults 12-20 breaths/min, Pediatric 15-30, Neonate 25-50. Signs of adequate breathing include regular patterns and equal lung sounds.
- Abnormal signs: Irregular patterns, diminished sounds, or breathing rates below 12 or above 20 suggest compromised respiratory status.
Airway Obstruction Causes and Responses
- Common causes in adults: The tongue and food are frequent obstructive factors.
- Choking response: If a conscious adult can talk or cough forcefully, do not interfere.
Ventilation and Oxygen Delivery
- Oxygen delivery during respiratory distress: In conscious patients with shortness of breath and cyanosis, use a non-rebreather mask. In respiratory arrest with a pulse, ventilate at 10-12 breaths/min using BVM.
- Appropriate oxygen flow for BVM: Maintain a flow rate of 15-25 liters per minute.
Disease Signs and Symptoms
- Congestive Heart Failure (CHF): Indications include crackles in lungs, low oxygen saturation, and bloody sputum.
- Tension Pneumothorax: Signs include chest pain, difficulty breathing, and normal vital signs.
- Dyspnea: Defined as difficult or labored breathing; better comfort in upright position.
- Epilglottitis: Characterized by high-pitched stridor, drooling, fever, and severe sore throat, relieved by sitting up.
Specific Conditions and Treatments
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Symptoms consist of shortness of breath, wheezing, and chronic cough with mucus production, primarily due to smoking.
- Pulmonary Embolism: Caused by blockage in pulmonary arteries, often due to blood clots from deep veins.
- Cystic Fibrosis: A hereditary condition producing thick mucus affecting lungs and digestive tract.
- Pneumonia: Symptoms include cough, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing due to lung infections and fluid accumulation.
Inhaler and Medication Administration
- Use of inhalers: Confirm the inhaler is pre-prescribed, verify the patient's claims regarding ownership, and ensure the patient exhibits relevant symptoms before administration.
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Description
Test your knowledge on airway management techniques with these flashcards designed for OCEMT students. Learn essential definitions and procedures related to suctioning and airway assessment. Perfect for quick reviews before exams or clinical practice.
