6 Geography Chap 3 water bodies
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Questions and Answers

What is the reason for the Dead Sea's name?

  • It is a part of a thriving shipping route between Europe and East Asia.
  • There is no life in the Dead Sea due to its high salt content. (correct)
  • It is a salt lake that gets its water from the Jordan River.
  • It is a sea that is surrounded by six countries.

    • What is the largest ocean in terms of size?

  • Pacific Ocean (correct)
  • Arctic Ocean
  • Indian Ocean
  • Atlantic Ocean

    • What is the deepest part of the Earth's crust?

  • The Grand Canyon
  • The Mariana Trench (correct)
  • The Great Barrier Reef
  • The Himalayan Mountains

    • Which sea is home to a large number of seabirds and marine animals?

    <p>The Bering Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average depth of the Pacific Ocean?

    <p>4250 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which line passes through the Pacific Ocean?

    <p>The International Date Line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sea is slowly drying up?

    <p>The Aral Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fifth ocean formed by the merging of the three oceans?

    <p>The Southern Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a lake and an inland sea?

    <p>The way the body of water is formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Pacific Ocean?

    <p>It is the deepest and largest ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sea is the largest fishing ground in the world?

    <p>The North Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the diversion of the rivers that sustain the Aral Sea?

    <p>To grow cotton in the desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sea is part of a thriving shipping route between Europe, the Persian Gulf, and East Asia?

    <p>The Red Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean surrounds the continent of Antarctica?

    <p>The Southern Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many countries surround the Black Sea?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean is the Arabian Sea an extension of?

    <p>Indian Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following inland seas is the largest?

    <p>Caspian Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feature of the northern part of the Caspian Sea?

    <p>It is drained by the Volga River</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body of water has the highest salinity?

    <p>Dead Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the sea located north of the Mediterranean Sea?

    <p>North Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following rivers drains into the Arabian Sea?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the lake located in Odisha, India?

    <p>Lake Chilika</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the sea located between the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Sea?

    <p>Red Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of water in a lake?

    <p>Precipitation, snowmelt runoff, and groundwater influx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to salinity when freshwater flows into a lake?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is an inland sea formed?

    <p>When sea levels rise and pause over a continent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause a freshwater lake to become saline?

    <p>Becoming open to the sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average salinity of the Caspian Sea?

    <p>Halfway between freshwater and ocean water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of lakes to humans?

    <p>They provide freshwater for drinking and agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a lagoon?

    <p>A shallow body of water separate from a larger body of water by barrier island or reefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a saltwater lagoon?

    <p>Lake Chilika</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a lake?

    <p>It is a freshwater body surrounded by land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of a river?

    <p>A highland source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sea?

    <p>A large saltwater body connected to an ocean that may be partially surrounded by land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of oceans in the water cycle?

    <p>They sustain the water cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the flow of a river?

    <p>From the highlands to the lowlands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of oceans?

    <p>They are a valuable source of energy and sustain the water cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of lakes and rivers?

    <p>They are always freshwater bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way in which water is lost from plants and animals?

    <p>Transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the continuous cycle of water movement on Earth?

    <p>Hydrologic cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which surface water evaporates and forms clouds?

    <p>Evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of rainwater that falls to the ground?

    <p>Soaked up by the Earth (groundwater) or flows to water bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of water for lakes and rivers?

    <p>Rainwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of clouds in the hydrologic cycle?

    <p>Clouds condense and precipitate as rain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate destination of water in the hydrologic cycle?

    <p>Water bodies like lakes, rivers, and oceans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do warm ocean currents influence the climate of coastal areas?

    <p>They keep the coast warm and support fishing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lakes in replenishing groundwater?

    <p>They act as a source of groundwater recharge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do oceans moderate the climate?

    <p>They help regulate the temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do lakes support the aquatic ecosystem?

    <p>They provide a habitat for various species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of oceans in maintaining the hydrological balance?

    <p>They help regulate the water cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of water in a lake?

    <p>Precipitation, snow melt runoff, and groundwater influx.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is an inland sea formed?

    <p>An inland sea is formed when an increased sea level causes water to move on and off a continent over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause a freshwater lake to become saline?

    <p>A freshwater lake can become saline if it becomes open to the sea, for example, the Baltic Sea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a lagoon?

    <p>A shallow body of water separate from a larger body of water by barrier island or reefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a saltwater lagoon?

    <p>Lake Chilika, India's largest saltwater lagoon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a bay in terms of water bodies?

    <p>A bay is a body of water that directly connects to a larger body of water, such as an ocean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of microorganisms and algae in maintaining the hydrological balance?

    <p>Microorganisms and algae help purify polluted water by breaking down pollutants and waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the rate of water pollution exceeds the rate of purification?

    <p>The damage to the hydrological balance can be almost irreversible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to protect water resources?

    <p>Protecting water resources is crucial to maintaining the hydrological balance and preserving the health of aquatic ecosystems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic that distinguishes a lake from an inland sea?

    <p>A lake is a body of water surrounded by land on all sides, whereas an inland sea is a saltwater body closed off from the sea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Red Sea in terms of international trade?

    <p>The Red Sea is part of a thriving shipping route between Europe, the Persian Gulf, and East Asia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which continent has no lakes ?

    <p>Antarctica.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feature of the Bering Sea?

    <p>The Bering Sea is home to a large number of seabirds and marine animals, including some rare species of whales.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the North Sea in terms of fishing?

    <p>The North Sea is the largest fishing ground in the world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Black Sea surrounded by which six countries?

    <p>The Black Sea is surrounded by six countries - Turkey, Romania, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Russia, and Georgia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the diversion of the rivers that sustain the Aral Sea?

    <p>The rivers were diverted to grow cotton in the desert.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Strait of Gibraltar separates and connects the______ Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea

    <p>Atlantic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the cycles of the biosphere are disturbed within nature, it is able to store the balance by its own______ mechanism

    <p>survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    River water is cleaned up as it flows downstream by the______ and algae which inhabit it

    <p>microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water pollution destroys the balance of the _______ in a stream

    <p>ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ______ sea separates the land from the open ocean

    <p>marginal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lakes ______ groundwater

    <p>replenish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Warm ocean currents keep the coast free of ______ and enable fishing.

    <p>ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An inland sea is transformed into a ______ over time

    <p>lake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The fertile plains of rivers support ______ settlements

    <p>human</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The disposal of ______ from industrial activities into the water bodies is a major source of pollution.

    <p>waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The disposal of ______ into the water bodies affects the aquatic life.

    <p>sewage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ of the oceans sustain the water cycle.

    <p>evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ Spills and Leakage: Accidental spills cause the death of many sea birds and aquatic animals every year.

    <p>Oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If radioactive waste comes into contact with underground water, the radiation gets absorbed in water and then enter our body through the ______ chain.

    <p>food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leaking sewer lines, underground gas and oil pipes: These pollutants ______ the water and make it unsuitable for aquatic life.

    <p>contaminate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Global warming: Accumulation of carbon dioxide and other ______ -gases in the atmosphere increases the water temperature.

    <p>greenhouse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Victim of an oil spill, this sea bird is covered with ______.

    <p>oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sewage is the term used for wastewater that often contains __________, urine, and laundry waste.

    <p>faeces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Industrial waste consists of toxic chemicals that are released from __________ and enter the water system and food chain.

    <p>factories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most of the chemicals like plastic, rubber, metal, glass, detergent, and fertilisers are non __________ .

    <p>biodegradable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Agricultural runoff from the fields contains chemicals like __________, pesticides, and insecticides, sediment eroded from the land.

    <p>fertilisers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Untreated sewage water can contaminate the __________ and cause diseases like __________ in humans.

    <p>water, cholera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Paper, wood, organic waste (rotting fruits and vegetables) are __________, so cause relatively less pollution .

    <p>biodegradable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Earth looks ______ and watery when seen from space.

    <p>blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oceans and seas are ______ water bodies.

    <p>saline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    [Blank] is necessary for carrying out the various reactions that take place within our bodies.

    <p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lakes and rivers provide the ______ water needed by plants and animals to exist.

    <p>fresh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water is also lost from plants and animals through ______.

    <p>transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hydrologic ______ is the continuous cycle of water movement on Earth.

    <p>cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water is required for the chemical reactions that are carried out in ______ and factories.

    <p>laboratories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do lakes support human settlement?

    <p>By replenishing groundwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of disrupting ecosystem balance in lakes and rivers?

    <p>Disruption of human settlement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the rate of water pollution exceeds the rate of purification by microorganisms and algae in a river?

    <p>The damage is almost irreversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of industrial waste on the aquatic ecosystem?

    <p>It disturbs the balance of the ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of water pollution in rivers?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of microorganisms and algae in maintaining the ecosystem balance of a river?

    <p>They help to purify the water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of disturbing the balance of the ecosystem in a river?

    <p>The ecosystem is irreversibly damaged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of sewage and human waste on the ecosystem balance of a river?

    <p>It disturbs the balance of the ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way to prevent water pollution in rivers?

    <p>Implementing effective waste management systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of toxic industrial effluents and domestic wastes on aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>Decrease in oxygen levels in the water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do leaking sewer lines and underground gas and oil pipes affect aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>They pollute the water and harm aquatic life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of radioactive waste on aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>It contaminates the water and harms aquatic life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of oil spills on aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>They cause the death of many aquatic species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of sewage that can contaminate water and cause diseases in humans?

    <p>Feces and urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of global warming on aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>It causes the death of many aquatic species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of biodegradable waste?

    <p>Organic waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do non-biodegradable garbage and litter from household activities affect aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>They entangle and kill fish and other aquatic animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of pollutants in agricultural runoff?

    <p>Fertilisers and pesticides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of sewage and domestic wastes on aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>They decrease the oxygen levels in the water and harm aquatic life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of industrial waste on the ecosystem?

    <p>It harms aquatic life and human health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to manage sewage and waste properly?

    <p>To prevent contamination of water and disease outbreak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of releasing non-biodegradable waste into the environment?

    <p>It remains in the environment for a long time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of agricultural runoff entering water bodies?

    <p>It pollutes the water and harms aquatic life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of water in the human body?

    <p>To carry out chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of industrial activities on water bodies?

    <p>Pollution and contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of agricultural runoff on water bodies?

    <p>Pollution and contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of water in maintaining ecosystem balance?

    <p>Supporting plant and animal growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of water for lakes and rivers?

    <p>Rainwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which plants and animals lose water?

    <p>Transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the continuous cycle of water movement on Earth?

    <p>Hydrologic cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary reasons agriculture flourished in river valleys?

    <p>The soil is very fertile and ideal for agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of living in a river valley?

    <p>Rivers provide a source of food and water for people and their livestock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one benefit of rivers in terms of building and infrastructure?

    <p>Rivers provide soft clay for building houses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did early civilizations arise in river valleys?

    <p>Due to the abundant natural resources and fertile soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of rivers in terms of transportation and communication?

    <p>Rivers provide a means of transportation and make communication easier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way rivers support agriculture?

    <p>Rivers provide a means of irrigation for crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one benefit of rivers in terms of food security?

    <p>Rivers provide a source of food through fishing and agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did early civilizations thrive in river valleys?

    <p>Due to the abundant natural resources and fertile soil, making it easier to sustain life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of rivers in terms of sustaining life?

    <p>Rivers provide a source of water and food, making it easier to sustain life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one benefit of rivers in terms of agriculture and settlements?

    <p>Rivers provide a source of water and fertile soil, making it easier to engage in agriculture and build settlements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Oceans of the World

    • There are four main oceans: Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Arctic Ocean.
    • The merging of the first three oceans gives rise to the fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean.
    • The Pacific Ocean is the deepest and largest ocean, covering nearly one-third of the Earth's surface.
    • The average depth of the Pacific Ocean is about 4250m, with the Mariana Trench being the deepest part of the Earth's crust.

    Major Water Bodies of the World

    • The Caspian Sea is the largest inland sea, with the northern part drained by the Volga River, making it an almost freshwater lake.
    • The Dead Sea has the highest salinity among water bodies, with a salt content 10 times that of normal sea water, allowing humans to easily float in it.
    • The Black Sea is surrounded by six countries: Turkey, Romania, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Russia, and Georgia.
    • The Red Sea is part of a thriving shipping route between Europe, the Persian Gulf, and East Asia.
    • The Bering Sea is home to a large number of seabirds and marine animals, including rare species of whales.
    • The North Sea is the largest fishing ground in the world.

    Lakes

    • A lake is a body of water that has collected in a basin from precipitation, snow melt runoff, and groundwater influx.
    • Lakes are found on all continents except Antarctica.
    • Freshwater lakes can become saline if they become open to the sea, such as the Baltic Sea.
    • Lakes provide environmental and commercial benefits, including:
      • Being the best available freshwater source on the Earth's surface
      • Providing water for drinking, agriculture, and industrial uses
      • Replenishing groundwater
      • Serving as commercial fishing grounds
      • Helping maintain the aquatic ecosystem
      • Being a popular tourist destination

    Comparison of Major Water Bodies

    • Ocean: a vast, continuous body of water that surrounds the continents
    • Sea: a body of water partially or completely surrounded by land
    • Lake: a body of water that has collected in a basin, surrounded by land on all sides
    • River: a flowing body of water that flows from a highland source to the lowlands towards an open sea, ocean, or lake

    Introduction to Water Bodies

    • The Earth is covered with water, with approximately two-thirds of its surface being water.
    • Water is held in oceans, seas, lakes, glaciers, and rivers.
    • Oceans are vast open expanses of water, while seas are partially enclosed by land.
    • Lakes and rivers carry fresh water, while oceans and seas are saline (salty) water bodies.

    Hydrologic Cycle

    • Water falls to the ground as rain and is soaked up by the Earth (groundwater).
    • Some water is taken up by plants and animals, and some is added to water bodies like lakes, rivers, and oceans.
    • Water is also lost from plants and animals through transpiration.
    • Surface water evaporates and forms clouds, which condense and precipitate as rain, becoming part of the Earth's water system.

    Types of Water Bodies

    • Oceans are vast open expanses of water.
    • Seas are partially enclosed by land.
    • Lakes are bodies of water that have collected in a basin from precipitation, snow melt, runoff, and groundwater influx.
    • Rivers are natural flowing bodies of water that flow from highlands to lowlands towards the open sea, ocean, or lake.

    Minor Water Bodies

    • Bay: a body of water that directly connects to a larger body of water, such as an ocean.
    • Gulf: a large inlet of water that is partially enclosed by land.
    • Strait: a narrow channel of water that connects two larger bodies of water.

    Importance of Lakes

    • Lakes provide freshwater sources.
    • Lakes provide water for drinking, agriculture, and industrial uses.
    • Lakes work to replenish groundwater.
    • Lakes serve as commercial fishing grounds.
    • Lakes help in the maintenance of the aquatic ecosystem.
    • Lakes are a popular tourist destination.

    Comparison of Major Water Bodies

    • Ocean: an continuous body of water that covers over two-thirds of the Earth's surface.
    • Sea: a partially enclosed body of water.
    • Lake: a body of water that has collected in a basin from precipitation, snow melt, runoff, and groundwater influx.
    • River: a natural flowing body of water that flows from highlands to lowlands towards the open sea, ocean, or lake.

    Sea Facts

    • The Dead Sea is a salt lake with a salt content 10 times that of normal sea water.
    • The Black Sea is surrounded by six countries: Turkey, Romania, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Russia, and Georgia.
    • The Red Sea is part of a thriving shipping route between Europe, the Persian Gulf, and East Asia.
    • The Bering Sea is home to a large number of seabirds and marine animals, including rare species of whales.
    • The North Sea is the largest fishing ground in the world.
    • The Aral Sea is slowly drying up due to the diversion of the two rivers that sustain it for cotton farming.

    Major Natural Lakes of the World

    • Lakes are found on all continents, except Antarctica.
    • Salt water sea and inland sea are differentiated by the way they are formed.
    • Salt water body closed off from the sea can become a freshwater lake over time.

    Water Bodies

    • A bay is a body of water that directly connects to a larger body of water, such as an ocean.
    • A gulf is a large inlet of the sea, usually enclosed by land, and examples include the Gulf of California and the Gulf of Guinea.
    • A strait is a narrow waterway that connects two larger bodies of water, such as the Strait of Gibraltar.

    Types of Water Bodies

    • Oceans are vast, continuous bodies of saltwater that cover two-thirds of the Earth's surface.
    • Seas are partially enclosed by land and may be partially saline or freshwater.
    • Lakes are bodies of freshwater, either natural or artificial, and may be surrounded by land.
    • Rivers are natural flowing bodies of water that begin at a source and flow towards an ocean, lake, or sea.

    Water Pollution

    • Causes of water pollution include:
    • Sewage and waste matter, including domestic, industrial, and agricultural waste.
    • Leaking sewer lines, underground gas and oil pipes, and oil spills.
    • Radioactive waste, which can contaminate groundwater and enter the food chain.
    • Global warming, which affects the water temperature and leads to the death of aquatic organisms.
    • Natural causes, such as volcanic activity and floods.

    Effects of Water Pollution

    • Water pollution can lead to the death of aquatic organisms and disrupt the ecosystem.
    • It can also cause human diseases, such as cholera, and affect the fishing industry.
    • Pollution can decrease the oxygen level in the water, affecting the survival of aquatic life.

    Hydrologic Cycle

    • The hydrologic cycle is the process by which water is circulated between the Earth and the atmosphere.
    • Water evaporates from the surface, forms clouds, and returns to the Earth as precipitation.
    • Precipitation can be absorbed into the ground (groundwater), taken up by plants and animals, or added to water bodies.
    • Transpiration and evaporation also play a role in the hydrologic cycle.

    Importance of Water

    • Water is necessary for the survival of plants and animals.
    • It is required for chemical reactions in laboratories and factories.
    • Water is also needed for human activities, such as washing and cleaning.

    Water Pollution

    • Human activities produce domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewater that pollute lakes and rivers.
    • Sewage is wastewater that often contains feces, urine, and laundry waste, which can contaminate water and cause diseases in humans.
    • Industrial waste consists of chemicals like plastic, rubber, metal, and glass, which are non-biodegradable and can harm humans and aquatic life.
    • Agricultural runoff from fields contains chemicals like fertilizers, pesticides, and insecticides, which are harmful to plants and animals.

    Minor Water Bodies

    • A bay is a body of water that directly connects to a larger body of water and is enclosed by land.
    • A gulf is a large inlet of sea, partially enclosed by land.
    • A strait is a narrow waterway that connects two larger bodies of water.

    Water Bodies

    • Oceans are the vast open expanse of saline water that cover two-thirds of the Earth.
    • Seas are partially enclosed by land and are also saline water bodies.
    • Lakes and rivers carry fresh water.
    • Glaciers and rivers hold freshwater.

    Importance of Water

    • Water is necessary for carrying out various reactions in the human body.
    • Water is required for chemical reactions in laboratories and factories.
    • Water is necessary for washing and cleaning.

    Importance of Rivers

    • Rivers provide fertile soil for agriculture.
    • Rivers provide water for use, cattle, and fields.
    • Rivers are a source of food through fishing and growing crops.
    • Rivers provide soft clay for building houses.
    • Rivers make transportation and communication easy.

    Causes of Water Pollution

    • Sewage and waste matter
    • Dumping of oil and trash
    • Industrial effluents and domestic wastes
    • Oil spills and leakage
    • Radioactive waste
    • Leaking sewer lines, underground gas and oil pipes
    • Global warming

    Types of Water Bodies

    • Inland sea: a sea that is not directly connected to an ocean.
    • Lake: a body of fresh water surrounded by land.
    • Navigable river: a river that can be used for transportation.
    • Marginal sea: a sea that is partially enclosed by land.
    • Bay: a body of water that directly connects to a larger body of water and is enclosed by land.

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