Ocean Temperature Variation Quiz

<p>Antarctic bottom water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sharp transition between warm upper layers and cold deep layers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can exceed 20 C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>22 C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrothermal vents emitting temperatures of 200 C to 300 C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Warm, mixed water layer above the discontinuity layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low latitudes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Summer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.8°C to 21.8°C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It disappears due to surface cooling and convectional mixing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It forms a low-density layer of colder water above denser water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They create barriers separating warm-water and cold-water populations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>200 to 1000 m (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It minimizes the need for structural complications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light penetration in water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow for evolution of species with precise environmental requirements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Latitude from tropics to poles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The co-varying physical properties of seawater. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The vertical gradient of physical conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Density plays a role in species distribution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They remain remarkably constant over large areas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>18°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In clear shallow water with temperatures above 20°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antarctic Convergence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5°C to just below 0°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tropical belt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It creates a barrier for Antarctic species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tropical waters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coral reefs thrive mainly in shallow areas with specific conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Species with wide tolerances can thrive in various regions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface mixed layer profile (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may survive and even thrive. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They dictate their geographical distribution. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their temperature range (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface temperatures fluctuate with seasons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature profiles change predictably with depth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic studies indicate multiple species-level clades within Eurythenes gryllus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some species are restricted in distribution due to physical barriers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a major factor among many influencing species distribution. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eurythenes gryllus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subtle environmental differences and barriers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Submarine ridges separating the Arctic from the North Atlantic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They correspond with small morphological differences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wider sampling and further genetic studies in the deep sea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The physical and chemical properties of seawater, including temperature, composition, density, viscosity, pressure, light, and movements, all influencing marine life.

Seawater provides buoyancy for marine organisms, minimizing the need for complex structures such as skeletons.

Light penetration in the ocean is limited, primarily affecting photosynthetic organisms like seaweed, especially in deep water.

Physical conditions in the ocean can remain constant over large areas, allowing wide distributions of some species.

The ocean has two major gradients: geographical (tropics to poles) and depth-wise (surface to seabed), affecting variables like temperature and light.

Distribution of a species is influenced by many factors in the ocean like temperature, light, pressure, and salinity, making it complex to isolate the impact of any individual factor.

Seawater temperature affects its density. These two factors are intertwined making it difficult to study them apart.

Marine organisms can adapt to slow changes in their environment over time, allowing them to live in large sections of the ocean.

The difference between the hottest and coldest parts of the marine environment, excluding shallow water and hydrothermal vents, is roughly 30-35 degrees Celsius.

The temperature variation on land is significantly greater than in the ocean, nearly 150 degrees Celsius.

Surface sea temperatures in high and low latitudes remain fairly stable throughout the year; in middle latitudes, they change with the seasons.

The change in surface sea temperature varies between locations; a typical range is around 10 degrees Celsius, but it can be greater in specific areas like the China Sea and Black Sea.

Deep ocean layers (below ~2000 m) remain consistently cold, typically between 4 and 22 degrees Celsius; Antarctic bottom water is the coldest.

Areas of submarine volcanism where water at surprisingly high temperatures (200-300 C) emerges from vents. This heats the surrounding water to 10-17 degrees Celsius.

A relatively sharp temperature transition between the warmer upper layer and the colder deep water layer of the ocean.

The zone of transition between the warmer, mixed upper layer (epipelagic region) and the cold deepwater layers (bathypelagic), marked by the thermocline.

A layer in the ocean where temperature changes rapidly with depth. Typically found between 200 and 1000 meters.

A permanent thermocline in low latitudes, formed due to constant sun and heat absorption at the surface.

Temporary thermoclines form during summer months near the surface (15-40m), disappearing in winter.

Little temperature difference between surface and deep layers due to heat transfer to the atmosphere. Convective mixing.

Thermoclines act as boundaries, separating warm-water and cold-water species populations.

Seasonal thermoclines in temperate regions affect nutrient supply and plankton blooms.

Ocean temperatures generally range from -1.8°C to 21.8°C at various depths.

Variation in temperature at the top 1000 meters due to freshwater from precipitation or melting ice and water from middle latitudes.

Representations of how water temperature changes with depth in the ocean, showing seasonal and regional variations.

The geographic areas where a particular species is found, largely determined by water temperature tolerances.

The range of water temperatures at which a species can survive and thrive, differing greatly between species.

The pattern of temperature changes over time and space in an aquatic environment.

The accidental or purposeful transport of species to environments different from the ones they originally evolved in, potentially thriving due to similar temperature regimes.

Variety of marine organisms adapted to specific temperature zones within the ocean.

Variations in water temperature throughout the year, impacting species distribution.

Show how ocean water temperature varies in different locations and depths(like a different region, the same ocean).

Marine organisms that thrive in consistently warm waters, typically above 18-20°C, found in tropical regions.

Marine organisms adapted to cold waters, usually between 5°C and slightly below 0°C, found in Arctic and Southern Oceans.

Diverse ecosystems formed by corals, thriving in clear, shallow waters with temperatures above 20°C, most abundant in tropical regions.

A sharp boundary between cold Antarctic water and warmer sub-Antarctic water, acting as a barrier for Antarctic species.

A gradual change in temperature across a specific area, like the Antarctic Convergence, affecting species distribution.

The imaginary line circling the Earth at 0° latitude, where surface water temperatures remain relatively stable and warm.

Changes in temperature over different seasons, typically less pronounced in equatorial regions compared to other areas.

Regions within the ocean characterized by distinct sets of marine organisms and their ecological relationships based on environmental factors.

The variety of life in the deep ocean is greater than previously thought, with some species having limited ranges.

Many deep-sea species are found in a wide range of geographical locations and depths, suggesting few dispersal barriers.

Submarine ridges and the shallow Bering Strait create a barrier that some deep-sea species cannot cross, limiting their distribution.

The idea that some deep-sea species are found everywhere is being challenged by genetic research, suggesting more diverse lineages.

This giant amphipod was thought to be widespread, but genetic studies revealed distinct lineages restricted to specific ocean basins and depths.

Speciation in the deep sea may be driven by subtle environmental differences and barriers, not just temperature.

Water temperature significantly influences the geographical distribution of marine organisms, playing a crucial role in their survival.

The distribution of marine organisms is affected by various factors, with water temperature being a major influence.