Occupational Safety and Health Standards Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is covered under the Implementing Rules and Regulations of the fire code?

  • Only residential buildings
  • Only public buildings constructed after 2008
  • Design and installation of fire protective equipment (correct)
  • Transportation of non-hazardous materials

What is the occupant load requirement for classrooms according to the given standards?

  • One person for every 3.5 m² of net area
  • One person for every 2.5 m² of net area
  • One person for every 5 m² of net area
  • One person for every 1.9 m² of net area (correct)

Which materials are included in the management of fire safety under the fire code?

  • All types of metals and plastics
  • Non-toxic materials
  • Only flammable liquids
  • Combustible and flammable liquids and gases (correct)

What does the fire code state about rehabilitation and demolition?

<p>They must follow the same standards as construction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a specified area for occupant load calculations?

<p>Warehouses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the occupant load requirement for dry nurseries/sleeping facilities?

<p>One person for every 3.3 m² of net area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of vehicles does the fire code apply to?

<p>All land transportation vehicles including ships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which systems are detailed in the fire code regarding fire protection?

<p>Mechanical, electronic, and electrical systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum width required for exit access from sleeping rooms to outside?

<p>90 cm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many portable fire extinguishers are required for a low hazard area of 600 square meters?

<p>2 units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the required travel distance for a portable fire extinguisher in a moderate hazard area?

<p>12 meters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is mandated for tanks used for flammable and combustible liquids?

<p>Steel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum allowable pressure in a tank as per the mentioned regulations?

<p>2.5 psig (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For stairway exit capacity, how many persons can one stairway accommodate for a width of 915 mm?

<p>One person for every 760 mm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum allowable travel distance for a high hazard portable fire extinguisher?

<p>10 meters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum thickness of the reinforced concrete slab for tanks used in service stations?

<p>Six inches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum projection allowed at or below handrail height on each side of a stairway?

<p>114 mm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for above ground tanks in automotive stations?

<p>Must be painted a bright color (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What design standards must standpipe systems adhere to?

<p>NFPA 14 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many tanks are permitted at one service station according to the regulations?

<p>Three tanks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is responsible for approving electrical plans for installations?

<p>Regional Office (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is excluded from the coverage of the Philippine Electrical Code?

<p>Generating plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What safety hazard is ranked fourth in causes of industrial fatalities?

<p>Electrocution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be done with motors of all equipment being fueled in service stations?

<p>They must be shut off (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated annual death toll due to electric causes?

<p>600 people (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of electrical injury can lead to heart arrhythmia?

<p>Direct injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What internal issue can occur as a result of electrical burns?

<p>Internal bleeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with indirect electrical injuries?

<p>Paralysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common long-term effect of electrical injuries?

<p>Loss of taste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are electric-current burns often classified as third-degree?

<p>They occur primarily from the inside of the body. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major causes of tissue damage are associated with burns?

<p>Burning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to cellular damage due to high-intensity electric fields?

<p>Enlargement of cellular pores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of industrial hygiene?

<p>To protect worker's health and well-being (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is specifically used for measuring air movement?

<p>Anemometer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a static posture in the workplace?

<p>Prolonged standing without motion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an industrial hygienist primarily focus on?

<p>Anticipating and controlling ergonomic hazards (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of poor ergonomic practices in the workplace?

<p>Frequent breaks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs as a result of electroporation?

<p>Ions flow freely through cell membranes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence shock severity?

<p>Body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does high frequency current compare to low frequency current in terms of danger?

<p>High frequency current is less dangerous due to shorter application time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does voltage magnitude have on electrical trauma?

<p>Different voltages can create different levels of electrical trauma. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of voltages exceeding 400 V?

<p>Damage to the epidermis may occur. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT associated with electroporation effects?

<p>Environmental humidity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily determines the current flow through the body during an electric shock?

<p>The resistance of different body parts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reason explains why higher voltages can be more lethal?

<p>They increase the degree of electroporation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fire Code of the Philippines

The 2008 law governing fire safety in the Philippines.

Occupant Load

Number of people allowed in a building based on safety standards.

Classroom Occupant Load

1 person for every 1.9 square meters of classroom space.

Shops Occupant Load

1 person for every 4.6 square meters of shop space.

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Fire Protection Systems

Devices ensuring fire prevention and control, like sprinklers and alarms.

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Hazardous Materials

Substances posing fire risk, including flammable liquids and gases.

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Building Construction (Fire Safety)

Design and construction of buildings to meet fire safety standards, including electrical, mechanical and electronic systems. It covers everything from new construction, renovations, and maintenance to demolition in the case of emergencies or danger.

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Land Transportation (Fire Safety)

Fire safety standards for vehicles, ships, and docked vessels.

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Standpipe System Installation

Standpipe systems must follow NFPA 19 standards for design, installation, and maintenance.

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Sleeping Room Windows

Every bedroom needs at least one exterior window.

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Exit Access Width

Exit paths from sleeping rooms must be at least 90 cm wide.

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Stairway Capacity

Stairways should have one person for every 760mm of distance or one person for every 500mm for ramps.

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Stairway Minimum Width

Stairways for fewer than 50 occupants need a minimum width of 915mm, with limited projections.

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Portable Fire Extinguisher Requirement

Single and two-family dwellings require portable fire extinguishers based on hazard levels (low, moderate, high).

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Hazardous Area Extinguisher Placement

The more hazardous the area, the closer the extinguishers must be placed.

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Flammable/Combustible Tank Material

Tanks for flammable and combustible liquids must usually be made of steel, unless otherwise specified.

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Electrical Injuries (Types)

Electrical injuries can be direct (pain, muscle contractions, heart problems) or indirect (confusion, headaches, breathing/heart irregularities).

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Electric Shock Circuit

The most harmful part of an electrical shock, determining the final severity of the trauma.

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Electric Burns

Almost always third degree, because the burning starts internally, damaging vital organs.

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Tank size limitation

Automotive service stations can have a maximum of three tanks, each holding 6,000 gallons, for a total of 18,000 gallons.

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Cellular Damage (Electric Burns)

High-intensity electric fields can enlarge cellular pores, leading to cell death.

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Long-term Effects (Electric Injuries)

Electric injuries can cause lasting problems like speech/writing issues, taste loss, and other impairments.

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Vent pipe placement

Vent pipes must exit buildings higher than the fill opening to prevent pressure buildup.

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Tank burial depth

Buried tanks in automotive service stations must have a reinforced concrete slab at least 6 inches thick over 1 foot of earth.

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Low Voltage Electrical Accidents

Most electrical accidents involve low voltage (600 volts or less).

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Electrical Plans Approval

Regional Labor Offices approve electrical plans for installations, including location, layout, substations, etc.

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Annual Electric Deaths

Approximately 600 people die each year from electrical causes.

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Vent pipe size

Vent pipe size depends on filling/withdrawal rates to prevent tank pressure exceeding 2.5 psig.

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Internal Injuries (Electric Accidents)

Electric accidents can cause internal bleeding, tissue destruction, and nerve/muscle damage, potentially leading to death.

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Electrical safety standards

The Philippine Electrical Code sets standards for electrical installations.

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Electrocution Hazard

Electrocution is a serious hazard that ranks among top industrial fatality causes.

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No Smoking/Open Flames

No smoking or open flames in areas where vehicles are being fueled; motors should be off.

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Electroporation

Process where ions flow freely through cell membranes, leading to cell death.

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Electric Shock Current Flow

The path of electricity through the body depends on the resistance of different body parts.

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High Frequency Current

Less dangerous than low frequency current; may not reach excitation threshold of nerve cells due to shorter application time.

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Voltage Magnitude

The level of voltage; higher voltage can be more dangerous due to increased cellular voltage gradients and potential for puncturing the epidermis.

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Shock Severity Factors

Factors influencing shock severity include physical condition, current duration, frequency, voltage, current magnitude, and current path.

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Physical Condition & Response

An individual's physical state and reaction to the shock influence the severity of the trauma.

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Current Duration

The length of time the electric current flows through the body.

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Current Magnitude

The strength of the electric current, a key factor in shock severity.

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Fume

A gas, like metal vapor, changed into fine, solid particles (0.1-1 micrometer) that float in the air.

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Industrial Hygiene

Anticipating, recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace hazards (physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic) to protect worker health.

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Industrial Hygienist

A professional who analyzes workplace hazards, exposures, and risks and recommends solutions to prevent them.

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Ergonomic Hazards

Workplace hazards related to awkward body positions, repetitive motions, and prolonged sitting or standing.

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Workstation Layout

The Physical arrangement of equipment and materials, that significantly impacts a worker's body posture during work, affecting both comfort and potential for injury.

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Study Notes

Introduction to Occupational Safety and Health Standards

  • OSH standards are mandatory rules on occupational safety and health
  • They codify all safety orders
  • Objective of standards: Protect workers from occupational risks and hazards
  • Standards cover all workplaces, except mining safety

Good Housekeeping (5S)

  • Poor housekeeping is characterized by cluttered and poorly arranged areas
  • Untidily piling of materials
  • Improperly piled materials damage other materials
  • Items no longer needed
  • Blocked aisles and passagesways
  • Materials are stuffed in out-of-the-way places

Construction Safety

  • Safety personnel should connote a sound state of the body and mind, enabling normal work performance.
  • Safe or safety conditions refer to physical or environmental conditions, complying with standard provisions
  • Personal protective equipment (PPE) must be furnished

Tool Hazards

  • Hand and arm injuries: Caught by moving parts, cuts, burns
  • Body injuries: Fall from heights, drowning, low oxygen levels, hit by solid or sharp objects
  • Foot injuries: Falling objects, caught in between, struck by solid and sharp objects, stepping on sharp objects

Welding, Grinding, and Cutting

  • Approved equipment must be used
  • Cylinders must be constructed and marked according to recognized safety practices
  • Only qualified personnel should perform welding, grinding, or cutting
  • Areas for hot works must be fire-safe
  • Welding/cutting prohibited in flammable material areas

Ladder Safety

  • Ladders are best used for short-term tasks
  • Never move, shift, or extend a ladder while someone is on it
  • Avoid carrying objects or loads that will cause imbalance
  • Ladders should ideally extend 3 feet above upper landing

Machine Safety

  • Machines simplify tasks and transmit forces, motion, and energy
  • Hazardous mechanical motions: Cutting, punching, shearing, bending
  • Motions: Rotational, reciprocating, traversing

Lockout/Tagout

  • Lockout (LO): Physical restraining device
  • Tagout (TO): Warning/identification tag

Electrical Safety

  • Electrical code is adopted as the standard
  • Regional Offices have the power to issue and approve electrical installations and connections for service or power supply
  • Electrical plans are required

Fire Safety

  • OSHA regulations govern flammable liquids and gases
  • Fire safety planning and prevention measures are crucial

Industrial Hygiene

  • Industrial hygiene includes recognizing, evaluating, and controlling environmental factors in workplaces.
  • Chemical hazards include gases (Chlorine, Hydrogen, Ammonia, Carbon Monoxide), vapors (Benzene, Toluene, Acetone, Xylene), mists, fumes.
  • Physical hazards: Extreme temperature, radiation (ionizing and non-ionizing), extreme pressure, inadequate illumination, excessive vibration, noise
  • Biological hazards: Viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites
  • Ergonomic hazards: Awkward body postures, prolonged standing, repetitive movements

Work Environment Measurement (WEM)

  • Determining the magnitude of hazards
  • Physically checking the environment (air quality, illumination, noise)
  • Testing for harmful substances to determine worker exposure
  • Monitoring worker exposure

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SAF102 Module 1 Exam Reviewer PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on Occupational Safety and Health Standards, including key principles of good housekeeping, construction safety, and tool hazards. This quiz covers essential guidelines aimed at protecting workers in various environments. Assess your understanding of safety practices and protocols essential for maintaining a safe workplace.

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