Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is defined as the static relationship between the incising or occlusal surfaces of the maxillary or mandibular teeth?
What is defined as the static relationship between the incising or occlusal surfaces of the maxillary or mandibular teeth?
What occurs when occlusal forces produce displacement of the root in the socket?
What occurs when occlusal forces produce displacement of the root in the socket?
Which type of occlusion indicates no signs of dysfunction or disease?
Which type of occlusion indicates no signs of dysfunction or disease?
How do harmonious occlusal forces affect periodontal attachment?
How do harmonious occlusal forces affect periodontal attachment?
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What may indicate the presence of a non-physiologic occlusion?
What may indicate the presence of a non-physiologic occlusion?
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What happens to the alveolar bone when excessive occlusal forces are maintained?
What happens to the alveolar bone when excessive occlusal forces are maintained?
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What is one of the crucial factors for occlusal analysis and adjustment?
What is one of the crucial factors for occlusal analysis and adjustment?
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Which dysfunction can be observed during parafunctional habits such as bruxism?
Which dysfunction can be observed during parafunctional habits such as bruxism?
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What is bruxism primarily characterized by?
What is bruxism primarily characterized by?
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Which of the following is a consequence of bruxism?
Which of the following is a consequence of bruxism?
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How can bruxism impact the periodontal structures according to the provided information?
How can bruxism impact the periodontal structures according to the provided information?
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Which clinical assessment is NOT mentioned as a prerequisite for evaluating occlusal disharmony?
Which clinical assessment is NOT mentioned as a prerequisite for evaluating occlusal disharmony?
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Which of the following is NOT a recommended test during a temporomandibular disorder screening evaluation?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended test during a temporomandibular disorder screening evaluation?
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What occurs to the periodontal membrane with prolonged low-level occlusal forces?
What occurs to the periodontal membrane with prolonged low-level occlusal forces?
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What is the typical range for maximal mouth opening in a TMJ evaluation?
What is the typical range for maximal mouth opening in a TMJ evaluation?
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Which method is best for testing the mobility of teeth?
Which method is best for testing the mobility of teeth?
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What is a primary goal of occlusal therapy?
What is a primary goal of occlusal therapy?
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Which of the following indicates the need for occlusal therapy?
Which of the following indicates the need for occlusal therapy?
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Which of the following factors contributes to occlusal stability?
Which of the following factors contributes to occlusal stability?
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What does occlusal adjustment primarily aim to achieve?
What does occlusal adjustment primarily aim to achieve?
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Which of the following is a method of correcting occlusal supracontacts?
Which of the following is a method of correcting occlusal supracontacts?
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What type of therapy is used to manage dental pain associated with occlusion?
What type of therapy is used to manage dental pain associated with occlusion?
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Which of the following describes a common characteristic of a well-distributed posterior contact?
Which of the following describes a common characteristic of a well-distributed posterior contact?
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In occlusal therapy, what is the desired subjective response from patients?
In occlusal therapy, what is the desired subjective response from patients?
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What does Fremitus assess in dentistry?
What does Fremitus assess in dentistry?
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Which device is specifically designed to measure occlusal forces and patterns?
Which device is specifically designed to measure occlusal forces and patterns?
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What is the main purpose of using articulating paper in clinical settings?
What is the main purpose of using articulating paper in clinical settings?
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What are silk strips primarily used for in detecting occlusal disharmonies?
What are silk strips primarily used for in detecting occlusal disharmonies?
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How does the Photo-occlusion system measure contact intensity?
How does the Photo-occlusion system measure contact intensity?
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What is the function of occlusal indicator wax?
What is the function of occlusal indicator wax?
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What is a key advantage of using foils over other indicator materials?
What is a key advantage of using foils over other indicator materials?
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Which of the following tools is utilized to assess occlusal discrepancies from diagnostic casts?
Which of the following tools is utilized to assess occlusal discrepancies from diagnostic casts?
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Study Notes
Occlusal Analysis and Adjustment
- Occlusion is defined as the static relationship between the incisal or occlusal surfaces of maxillary or mandibular teeth or their analogues.
- An ideal occlusion should be balanced and as stress-free as possible.
- Occlusal forces can cause displacement of the tooth root in the socket resulting in injury to the supporting periodontal ligament.
- This injury is considered a traumatic lesion from occlusion.
- Microscopic changes resulting from occlusal forces include increased vascularization, vascular permeability, vascular thrombosis, and disruption of fibroblasts and collagen fiber bundles.
- Prolonged occlusal force leads to osteoclast appearance on the alveolar surface, resulting in net bone resorption.
- Teeth and their periodontium are subjected to dynamic loading during chewing, swallowing, and parafunctional habits such as bruxism and clenching.
- Tooth contact during speech is minimal.
Definitions
- Occlusion is the static relationship between the incising or occlusal surfaces of maxillary or mandibular teeth or tooth analogues.
- Occlusion should be balanced and as stress-free as possible.
Occlusion Types
- Physiologic occlusion occurs when no signs of dysfunction or disease are present, requiring no treatment.
- Non-physiologic/traumatic occlusion is when dysfunction or disease is caused by tissue injury, often requiring treatment.
- Therapeutic occlusion is the result of specific interventions to treat dysfunction or disease.
Clinical Examination
- A thorough evaluation of the masticatory system (muscles and occlusal anatomy) is essential to identify occlusal disharmonies.
- Clinical assessments include: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) evaluation, checking teeth mobility, assessing centric relation, evaluating excursions, and examining articulated diagnostic casts.
Evaluations
- Temporomandibular disorder screening evaluation includes maximal opening (range of 40-50mm), opening/closing pathway, range of lateral and protrusive excursions (≥7mm to 9mm), auscultation for TMJ sounds, TMJ palpation for tenderness or tissue displacement, muscle tenderness palpation, and load testing of the patient's TMJs.
Testing of Tooth Mobility
- Manual evaluation involves using instruments to move teeth buccally and lingually.
- Fremitus assessment involves palpating buccal surfaces during patient up-and-down tapping to determine tooth movement from occlusal forces.
- Periodontometers are used to standardize minor tooth displacement measurements.
Study of Mounted Diagnostic Casts
- Mounted diagnostic casts can reveal discrepancies between initial contact in centric relation and maximal intercuspation, as well as occlusal discrepancies in excursions.
Techniques for Detecting Occlusal Disharmony
- Articulating paper foils/ribbons are used to mark premature tooth contacts and high force/premature contact areas.
Indicator Materials
- Silks strips: Relatively thin and flexible, adapting well to cusp and fossa structures, providing reliable contact markings.
- Foils are the thinnest indicator materials, providing more accurate readings compared to paper and silk strips.
- Occlusal wax indicators are similar to impression materials, placed on the maxillary arch to assess contact during maximum intercuspation.
T-Scan System
- A computerized device comprising a hand-held unit with a U-shaped pressure sensor and computer software.
Photo-occlusion System
- Thin photoplastic film is positioned on the occlusal surface for brief patient biting.
- Relative tooth contact intensity is measured using a polariscope.
Requirements for Occlusal Stability
- Maximum intercuspation, light or absent anterior contacts, well-distributed posterior contacts, cross-tooth stabilization, forces directed along the long axis of each tooth, smooth excursive movement without interference, no trauma from occlusion, favorable subjective response to occlusal form and function.
Occlusal Therapy
- The aim of occlusal therapy is to establish stable functional relationships to support optimal oral health, including the periodontium.
- Effective nonsurgical therapy reduces periodontal inflammation and promotes attachment healing, which stabilizes mobile teeth.
- Occlusal appliances are often needed to control excessive occlusal force and masticatory disharmony, thus securing a more stable occlusion.
Indications for Occlusal Therapy
- Occlusal trauma (e.g., bruxism, muscular dysfunction, certain TMJ conditions, food impaction).
- Increased tooth mobility
- Dental pain associated with occlusion or occlusal soft-tissue injury.
- Excessive occlusal contacts causing trauma to periodontium, joints, muscles or soft tissues.
- Occlusal interferences that worsen parafunctional habits.
Treatment Options
- Occlusal appliance therapy, occlusal adjustment, occlusal stability for restorative dentistry, orthodontic tooth movement, and orthognathic therapy are common treatment options .
Occlusal Adjustment
- Selective reshaping of occluding tooth surfaces to reduce occlusal interference and direct forces along the tooth's long axis.
Coronoplasty
- Retrusive prematurities are eliminated, ICP is adjusted for stable simultaneous contacts, excessive posterior-protrusive contacts are addressed, mediotrusive prematurities and laterotrusive prematurities and gross occlusal disharmonies are corrected, and contact relationships are rechecked.
- The correction of occlusal supracontacts includes techniques like grooving, spheroiding, and pointing.
Additional Notes
- No specific questions provided
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Description
Explore the concepts of occlusion and its impact on dental health through this quiz. Understand the definitions, ideal occlusion characteristics, and the effects of occlusal forces on teeth and the periodontal ligament. Test your knowledge on how occlusal adjustments can influence overall dental care.
