30 Questions
Which condition is characterized by irreversible enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their wall without obvious fibrosis?
Emphysema
What is the 4th leading cause of death in the USA?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
What is the estimated percentage of heavy smokers who develop COPD?
35-50%
Which factor contributes to 80% of COPD cases?
Smoking
What is the main pathology in emphysema?
Loss of alveolar walls & parts of the capillary bed
Which lung disease is characterized by an increase in resistance to flow due to partial/complete obstruction at any level from trachea to respiratory bronchioles?
Asthma
What is the etiology of asthma?
Genetic
Which lung disease is caused by inhalation of coal particles and other forms of dust?
Pneumoconiosis
What is the characteristic feature of chronic interstitial pulmonary diseases?
Fibrosis
What is the most innocuous form of pathology associated with coal workers' lung disease?
Anthracosis
What is the pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Bronchus compression
Which lung disease is caused by inhalation of proinflammatory crystalline silicon dioxide?
Silicosis
What is the leading risk factor for COPD?
Smoking
Which lung disease is associated with the presence of asbestos bodies and diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis?
Asbestosis
Which lung disease is characterized by systemic granulomatous involvement of unknown origin?
Sarcoidosis
Which lung disease is more likely to cause mesothelioma when caused by amphibole form?
Asbestosis
Which lung disease is associated with aberrant expansion of CD4+ T cells and increased TH1 cytokines?
Sarcoidosis
Which lung disease is characterized by the presence of noncaseating granulomas and asteroid bodies?
Sarcoidosis
Which lung disease is associated with pleural plaques of collagen and dyspnea on exertion?
Asbestosis
Which lung disease is characterized by the presence of coalescent collagenous silicotic nodules?
Silicosis
Which of the following is a symptom of COPD?
Prolonged expiration
What is the main cause of chronic bronchitis?
Excessive mucus production
Which type of asthma is triggered by allergens?
Atopic asthma
What is the main cause of occupational asthma?
Fumes
What is the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis?
Lumen occlusion, inflammation, airway wall thickening, fibrosis, and decreased ciliary function
What is a trigger for asthma?
Respiratory infections
How is non-atopic asthma diagnosed?
Negative skin test results and no increase in serum IgE
What is a symptom of emphysema?
Loss of elastic tissue from alveolar walls
What causes drug-induced asthma in about 10% of asthma patients?
Aspirin
How is atopic asthma diagnosed?
Through skin tests and increased IgE levels
Study Notes
Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: COPD and Asthma
- Emphysema leads to loss of elastic tissue from alveolar walls
- COPD symptomatic presentation includes dyspnea, weight loss, barrel-chested appearance, breathing through pursed lips, prolonged expiration, wheezing, and cough
- Chronic bronchitis is defined by excessive mucus production in the bronchial tree and is mainly caused by cigarette smoking
- Pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis involves lumen occlusion, inflammation, airway wall thickening, fibrosis, and decreased ciliary function
- Chronic bronchitis patient presentation includes dyspnea, frequent cough and sputum, substantial drop in PaO2, and increased PaCO2
- Asthma is a disorder of the conducting airways caused by immunological reactions, leading to episodic bronchoconstriction
- Asthma triggers include respiratory infections, irritants, cold air, exercise, and stress
- Asthma types include atopic, non-atopic, drug-induced, and occupational
- Atopic asthma is triggered by allergens and diagnosed through skin tests and increased IgE levels
- Non-atopic asthma is triggered by infections, smoking, and air pollutants, and has negative skin test results and no increase in serum IgE
- Drug-induced asthma is caused by aspirin and affects about 10% of asthma patients
- Occupational asthma is triggered by fumes, dusts, and chemicals, diagnosed through decreased FEV1/FVC, and treated by allergen avoidance, beta-adrenergic agents, and glucocorticoids
Test your knowledge of obstructive pulmonary diseases such as COPD and asthma with this quiz. Explore the pathogenesis, symptoms, and triggers of these conditions, and learn about different types of asthma and their diagnostic methods and treatments.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
