40 Questions
What type of drug addiction is Kuknar related to?
Kakoinomania
What is the most reliable criterion for diagnosing drug addiction?
Withdrawal symptoms in drug withdrawal
What is the purpose of Teturam in the treatment of alcoholism?
Sensitization
What is the main criterion for differentiating the transition of domestic drunkenness into chronic alcoholism?
The appearance of binge
What is the main symptom of the 2nd stage of alcoholism?
Formation of withdrawal syndrome
Which drug does not cause Parkinson-like side effects?
Sonapax
Which neuroleptic has the most pronounced side hypotensive effect?
Aminazine
What is the prognosis value of the onset of schizophrenia with negative disorders?
Unfavorable
What is the main factor in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer?
Acid-chemical aggression
What is the leading role played by in the pathogenesis of nephritic edema?
Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
What is asphyxia?
Acute respiratory failure
What is the probability of the appearance of hemophilia in boys in a family where the father has the disease?
50% of boys will be sick
What is the main manifestation of atherosclerosis?
Formation of plaques specific to this pathology in the artery wall
What is the main component of the complement system involved in the alternative activation of the complement in inflammation?
C3
What is the main factor contributing to the development of arterial hyperemia?
Acetylcholine, bradykinin, histamine
What is the main cause of atrioventricular blockades?
Atrioventricular node
What is the sign known as Barlow's or von Rosen's sign related to?
Congenital Dislocation of the Hip diagnosis
What is the typical sound produced during abduction and internal rotation in a newborn child?
A 'click' sound
Which of the following is a cause of a painless limp since infancy?
All of the above
What is the purpose of Barlow's test?
To test for CDH in infancy
Which test is useful in the diagnosis of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip?
Barlow's Test
What is Sprengel's deformity?
CONGENITAL ELEVATION OF SCAPULA
What is a characteristic of the contractile activity of the uterus?
All of the above
Which carpal bone fracture is associated with Median Nerve involvement?
LUNATE
What is the most common form of labor anomalies?
Pathological preliminary period
How is Early CTEV typically treated?
MANIPULATION & STRAPPING
What is not a reason for primary weakness of labor?
Fetal hypoxia
What is a characteristic of secondary weakness of labor?
All of the above
What is not typical for the pathological preliminary period?
Duration of pain less than 6 hours
What is the preliminary diagnosis for a woman with irregular cramping pains in the lower abdomen for 9 hours and fatigue?
Pathological preliminary period
What is a diagnostic criterion for the weakness of labor?
All of the above
What is a complication of the weakness of labor?
All of the above
What is the primary solution to the issue of working capacity of patients with occupational bronchial asthma?
Termination of the action of the causative agent of bronchial asthma
What factor is of great importance in the development of occupational bronchial asthma?
Allergic properties of dust
What is the prognosis of acute bronchitis occurring with inflammation of the mucous membrane of large bronchi (tracheobronchitis)?
Good
What is the characteristic feature of acute bronchitis, accompanied by damage to the mucous membrane of large bronchi?
Absence or mild signs of intoxication, chest pain, first dryness, then a small amount of sputum, cough
What is the leading symptom of chronic bronchitis with damage to the mucous membrane of large bronchi?
Cough with sputum
What is the most common symptom in acute pneumonia in older children?
Temperature increase
What is the normal respiratory rate in adults?
16-20 times per minute
What disease begins acutely with auscultation, rough vesicular breathing is clearly audible, dryness in the early stages, moist rales, later changing in character, crepitus is clearly audible in the lower springs of the chest?
Acute bronchitis
Study Notes
Contractile Activity of the Uterus
- Characterized by parameters: basal tone, intensity, contraction frequency
- Primary weakness of labor: fetal hypoxia, infection and intoxication, organic diseases of the central nervous system, abnormalities in the development of the uterus
- Secondary weakness of labor: clinically narrow pelvis, incorrect head insertions, stiffness of the cervix
Labor Anomalies
- Most common form: primary weakness of labor
- Pathological preliminary period: lack of readiness of the cervix for childbirth, duration of pain from 6 to 24 hours or more, sleep disturbance, fatigue
- Diagnostic criteria for weakness of labor: infrequent, satisfactory strength or frequent but weak and short contractions, slower rate of opening of the uterine pharynx, slow advancement of the presenting part
Complications of Weakness of Labor
- Intrauterine fetal hypoxia, untimely discharge of amniotic fluid, hypotonic bleeding
Pathogenesis of Various Diseases
- Duodenal ulcer: acid-chemical aggression, reduction of the protective properties of the gastric mucosa
- Hyperlactatacidemia: activation of anaerobic glycolysis, increased glycolysis
- Nephritic edema: activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
- Asphyxia: acute respiratory failure, difficulty and lengthening of inspiration, difficulty and lengthening of exhalation
Miscellaneous
- Atherosclerosis: chronic disease, main manifestations associated with the formation of plaques specific to this pathology in the artery wall, causing a violation of blood flow in organs and tissues
- Acetylcholine, bradykinin, histamine: contribute to the development of arterial hyperemia
- Atrioventricular blockades: caused by a violation of the conduction of impulses by the atrioventricular node, conducting system of the atria, the main trunk of the GIS bundle, or all branches of the GIS bundle
Neurology and Psychiatry
- Schizophrenia: unfavorable prognosis, continuous or periodic, remission
- Kandinsky-Clerambault syndrome: characterized by a combination of delusions of persecution and influence, mental automatism, and pseudohallucinations
- Verbal illusions: false perception of real conversations of other people
- Ganser syndrome: characterized by a combination of hallucinations, delusions, and a distorted sense of identity
Orthopedics
- Congenital dislocation of the hip: diagnosed at birth, Barlow's or von Rosen's sign, Trendelenburg's sign is positive
- Club foot: commoner among males, unioular twins
- Otorolani's sign: abduction and internal rotation produces a click sound
- CTEV: treated by manipulation and strapping
Pulmonology
- Occupational bronchial asthma: caused by allergic properties of dust, terminates the action of the causative agent, and rational employment
- Acute bronchitis: good prognosis, combined with tracheitis, characterized by absence or mild signs of intoxication, chest pain, dryness, then a small amount of sputum, cough
- Chronic bronchitis: leading symptom is cough with sputum, characterized by constant shortness of breath, paroxysmal dry cough, and paroxysmal shortness of breath
Miscellaneous
- Acute pneumonia: most common in older children, temperature increase, enlargement of the spleen, moist cough, abdominal syndrome
- Respiratory rate in adults: 16-20 times per minute
- Auscultation: rough vesicular breathing is clearly audible, dryness in the early stages, moist rales, later changing in character, crepitus is clearly audible in the lower springs of the chest
This quiz assesses knowledge of labor anomalies, uterine contractions, and related factors in obstetrics. It covers topics such as labor weaknesses, fetal hypoxia, and organic diseases affecting labor.
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