Obstetrics and Newborn Care Quiz

External Cephalic Version

• Provider uses hands on mother's abdomen to turn baby from breech or transverse to head-down position
• Typically performed around 37 weeks gestation
• Often, a tocolytic is given to relax the uterus before the procedure

Internal Cephalic Version

• Provider inserts hand into uterus through cervix to manually turn baby
• Usually performed during labor

Graafian Follicle

• Expels mature ovum during embryonic development, often shortly after fertilization

Corpus Luteum

• Structure within ovary producing progesterone to maintain pregnancy

Newborn Vital Signs

• Respiratory rate (RR): 30-60 breaths/minute, with occasional periods of apnea (less than 15 seconds)
• Heart rate (HR): 110-160 beats per minute
• Blood pressure (BP): 60-80 mmHg systolic / 40-50 mmHg diastolic
• Temperature: 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F)

Phototherapy for Newborns

• Monitor stool output
• Reposition newborn every 2-3 hours
• Dress newborn in only a diaper
• Cover eyes with an eye shield
• Monitor temperature regularly
• Advise parents not to apply lotion

Meperidine

• Opioid medication
• Should not be given to clients expected to deliver within 4 hours
• Crosses placenta, causing respiratory depression in newborn, peaking 2-3 hours after administration
• Narcan is ineffective at reversing respiratory depression from this medication
• Maternally, it can cause tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and mental status changes.

Lactation Suppression

• Clients should wear supportive bra continuously for 3 days postpartum to suppress lactation
• Avoid touching or massaging breasts
• Avoid warming breast milk
• Apply ice packs to breasts (15 minutes on, 45 minutes off) to reduce swelling

True Labor

• Contractions typically felt in lower back, radiating to lower abdomen
• Passage of mucus plug (bloody show), cervical dilatation, and effacement (thinning of cervix)

Decelerations

• Early decelerations occur due to head compression
• Variable decelerations caused by umbilical compression

Premature Newborns

• Abundant lanugo, especially on back
• Hypotonia and relaxed posture
• Few heel creases; and very abundant vernix caseosa (only present in premature / post-term newborns)
• Signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity: RR ≤ 12 breaths/minute, muscle weakness, and depressed deep-tendon reflexes
• Measure ocipitofrontal circumference (head circumference), length from top of head to heel, and chest circumference at nipple line to assess the size of a premature newborn

Septic Shock in Newborns

• Characterized by hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, and mottled or grey colored skin

Anemia in Pregnancy

• Defined by hemoglobin levels less than 10.5-11 g/dL
• Treated with iron and vitamin C supplementation

Placenta Issues

• Placenta Previa: Relaxed, soft, painless bright red bleeding
• Abruptio Placenta: Firm, board-like, painful dark red bleeding

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

• Results from exposure to opioids during pregnancy or labor

Methylergonovine

• Promotes uterine contractions

Mastitis

• Breast inflammation that can be infected
• Releasing baby from nipple before removal can help to prevent injury, and subsequent mastitis
• Waiting too long between feedings may cause clogging, which may lead to an increase in the likelihood of mastitis

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

• Severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, due to not consuming enough nutrients and/or due to the body breaking down fat as its primary fuel source
• Results in ketonuria

Moro Reflex

• “C” formation of thumb and forefinger and extension of legs, present at birth and gone by 6 months.

Heel Stick

• Warm the heel of the newborn with a warm washcloth prior to performing heel stick

McRoberts Maneuver

• Client's knees are pulled apart, which rotates the pubic bone, and is useful in the relief of shoulder dystocia
• Anterior shoulder can be released from the pelvis without applying pressure.

Test your knowledge on obstetric procedures and newborn care, including External and Internal Cephalic Version, vital signs, and Graafian follicle functions. This quiz covers essential aspects of childbirth and newborn health, specifically designed for medical students or professionals in obstetrics.