Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the complications faced by high-risk pregnant women?
What is one of the complications faced by high-risk pregnant women?
Which type of abortion is characterized by uterine contractions, cervical dilation, vaginal bleeding, and cervical dilation of 4cm?
Which type of abortion is characterized by uterine contractions, cervical dilation, vaginal bleeding, and cervical dilation of 4cm?
What is the reason for removing a deeply embedded placenta after birth?
What is the reason for removing a deeply embedded placenta after birth?
What is one of the nursing care instructions post cerclage procedure?
What is one of the nursing care instructions post cerclage procedure?
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What should be checked after a woman delivers vaginally using forceps and had a classic cesarean incision in the previous delivery?
What should be checked after a woman delivers vaginally using forceps and had a classic cesarean incision in the previous delivery?
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Abruptio Placenta is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
Abruptio Placenta is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
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Which procedure should be done to detect any retained placental fragment after birth?
Which procedure should be done to detect any retained placental fragment after birth?
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What is a key characteristic of Precipitate Labor?
What is a key characteristic of Precipitate Labor?
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What is the nursing priority when there are signs of heavy bleeding postpartum?
What is the nursing priority when there are signs of heavy bleeding postpartum?
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Which factor is considered a risk for high-risk pregnancy?
Which factor is considered a risk for high-risk pregnancy?
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What is the purpose of bimanual compression in managing uterine bleeding?
What is the purpose of bimanual compression in managing uterine bleeding?
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Why should the placenta be inspected carefully after birth?
Why should the placenta be inspected carefully after birth?
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Which condition is characterized by painless, bright red vaginal bleeding?
Which condition is characterized by painless, bright red vaginal bleeding?
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What is the initial management step for a patient suspected of having Placenta Previa?
What is the initial management step for a patient suspected of having Placenta Previa?
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What are the Triad signs associated with Gestational Trophoblastic Disease?
What are the Triad signs associated with Gestational Trophoblastic Disease?
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What is the most common site for an Ectopic Pregnancy?
What is the most common site for an Ectopic Pregnancy?
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What is the characteristic feature of Precipitate Labor?
What is the characteristic feature of Precipitate Labor?
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What intervention is commonly used for managing Preterm Labor to promote fetal lung maturity?
What intervention is commonly used for managing Preterm Labor to promote fetal lung maturity?
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Study Notes
High-Risk Pregnancy
- Women who deliver vaginally using forceps and have a previous classic cesarean incision are at high risk.
- Priority is to prevent hypovolemic shock.
Shoulder Dystocia
- Turtle sign is a sign of shoulder dystocia.
- Management is McRoberts Maneuver.
Cephalopelvic Disproportion (CPD)
- CPD is a condition where the baby's head is too large for the mother's pelvis.
- Management is a cesarean section.
Placenta Abnormalities
- Placenta succenturiata is a condition where small accessory lobes develop in the membranes at a distance from the main placenta.
- Placenta accreta is a condition where the placenta is deeply attached to the uterus.
- Reason to remove deeply embedded placenta is to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
- Placenta should be inspected carefully after birth to ensure it is complete.
- Ultrasound should be conducted to detect any retained placental fragments.
- Blood sample must be collected to detect HCG hormone, which reveals if a part of the placenta is still present.
Postpartum Complications
- Nursing priority is to assess the woman's fundus if there are signs of heavy bleeding.
- Bimanual compression is a technique to stop uterine bleeding.
- Fundal massage is a technique to stimulate uterine contraction and promote uterine tone and consistency.
- Hemorrhage is defined as more than 500 ml of blood loss in 24 hours.
High-Risk Factors
- Lower economic level
- Age below 18 and above 35 years old
- Alcohol dependence
- BMI of 17.8
Abortion/Miscarriage
- Spontaneous abortion or miscarriage is the greatest risk for high-risk pregnant women.
- Hemorrhage is a common complication of suction curettage.
- Types of miscarriage:
- Threatened: lower abdominal cramping and spotting at 12 weeks' gestation, cervix is closed.
- Inevitable: uterine contractions and cervical dilation, vaginal bleeding, and uterine cramping, cervix is dilated to 4cm and fluid coming out from the vagina tested positive in fern test.
- Habitual abortion: cerclage could be one of the managements.
Nursing Care Post Cerclage
- Cerclage can be performed on an outpatient basis.
- Client should avoid strenuous activities for 2 weeks after cerclage.
- After 37 weeks' gestation, the client's cerclage may be cut to allow for vaginal delivery.
Abruptio Placenta
- Onset of vaginal bleeding is sudden and painful.
- Symptoms include severe abdominal pain, uterine tenderness, and an increased uterine tone.
- Fetal distress is common with severe, variable deceleration.
- Greatest risk is for a 28-year-old woman at 30 weeks' gestation with a blood pressure of 150/94 and history of cigarette smoking.
- Management is to prepare for emergency CS.
Placenta Previa
- Symptoms include painless, bright red vaginal bleeding, no uterine contractions, and a soft and nontender uterus.
- Immediate management is to determine fetal heart sounds using an external monitor.
- Most likely factor is a previous CS.
- Risk associated is hemorrhage.
Precipitate Labor
- Labor that occurs rapidly, usually within 3 hours.
- Signs include back-to-back contractions, complete effacement, and 9 cm dilation.
Gestational Conditions
- Gestational trophoblastic disease (H-mole):
- Symptoms include dark brown vaginal discharge, grape-like vesicles, nausea, and vomiting.
- Risk factors include low protein intake, Asian, and above 35 years old.
- Triad signs include a big uterus, hcg of 1 million, and vaginal bleeding.
- Health teaching: remind the patient not to get pregnant for 1 year.
Ectopic Pregnancy
- Symptoms include sudden, stabbing pain in the lower quadrant radiating to the shoulder.
- Presence of a Cullen's sign is a sign of ectopic pregnancy.
- Most common site is the fallopian tube.
Preterm Labor
- Labor that begins after 20 weeks gestation and before 37 weeks gestation.
- Management is Betamethasone for fetal lung maturity.
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Description
Test your knowledge on managing obstetric emergencies such as shoulder dystocia, cephalopelvic disproportion, and placental abnormalities. Topics include risk factors, interventions, and post-delivery care.
