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Bozeman: Observation and Inferences

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes an observation?

A conclusion drawn from prior knowledge

An inference based on prior knowledge

Something that can be directly seen, tasted, touched, heard, or smelled (correct)

A prediction about a future event

What is an inference?

Something that can be directly seen, tasted, touched, heard, or smelled

An explanation that can be tested

A conclusion drawn from prior knowledge (correct)

A prediction about a future event

What is the purpose of a prediction in an experiment?

To change the independent variable

To measure the dependent variable

To make a statement about what will happen (correct)

To explain the relationship between variables

What is a hypothesis?

An explanation that can be tested Signup and view all the answers

What is an independent variable?

The variable that is changed in an experiment Signup and view all the answers

What is a dependent variable?

The variable that is observed or measured Signup and view all the answers

What are controlled or constant variables in an experiment?

The variables that are kept the same in an experiment Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to keep controlled variables the same in an experiment?

To ensure accurate and reliable results Signup and view all the answers

Why is a larger sample size preferred in an experiment?

To improve the reliability of the results Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of conducting an experiment?

To test hypotheses and draw conclusions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Understanding the Nature of Science and Experimental Design

Observations are direct information gathered through the five senses.
Inferences are conclusions drawn based on prior knowledge and observations.
Predictions are statements about what will occur in an experiment.
Hypotheses are testable explanations for a prediction.
In an experiment, the independent variable is what is changed.
The dependent variable is what is observed or measured.
Controlled variables are factors that are kept constant in an experiment.
It is important to have a large sample size in an experiment for more accurate data.
The more reviews something has, the more reliable the feedback is.
The researcher in the example is curious about how light affects plant growth.
The researcher changes the amount of light as the independent variable.
The height of the plants is measured as the dependent variable.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the nature of science and important vocabulary words related to observations and inferences. Learn how to distinguish between observations and inferences based on the five senses and their application in experiments.