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Questions and Answers
What is a primary purpose of Jihad as mentioned in the content?
What is a primary purpose of Jihad as mentioned in the content?
Which acts are mentioned as helping to establish Jihad?
Which acts are mentioned as helping to establish Jihad?
What does the protection of life primarily aim to prevent?
What does the protection of life primarily aim to prevent?
What is a consequence mentioned for those who destroy life without legal justification?
What is a consequence mentioned for those who destroy life without legal justification?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of the means to establish Jihad?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of the means to establish Jihad?
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What does mercy include according to the content?
What does mercy include according to the content?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mercy as described in the content?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mercy as described in the content?
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In what way does mercy contribute to society according to the content?
In what way does mercy contribute to society according to the content?
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How can mercy be understood in the context provided?
How can mercy be understood in the context provided?
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Which aspect of mercy is emphasized in relation to individuals?
Which aspect of mercy is emphasized in relation to individuals?
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What is the primary purpose of transactions according to the provided content?
What is the primary purpose of transactions according to the provided content?
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What determines whether a transaction is allowed?
What determines whether a transaction is allowed?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a requirement for allowable transactions?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a requirement for allowable transactions?
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What can be inferred about transactions that do not protect interests?
What can be inferred about transactions that do not protect interests?
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What aspect of transactions facilitates lawful exchanges?
What aspect of transactions facilitates lawful exchanges?
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What does the term 'sub-maxim' refer to in this context?
What does the term 'sub-maxim' refer to in this context?
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According to the principle of sub-maxim, what is assumed in a dispute about new conditions?
According to the principle of sub-maxim, what is assumed in a dispute about new conditions?
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Which of the following best describes the implications of the sub-maxim principle?
Which of the following best describes the implications of the sub-maxim principle?
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What is the primary purpose of Shari’ah commands?
What is the primary purpose of Shari’ah commands?
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In applying the sub-maxim, what is the initial stance taken regarding new traits?
In applying the sub-maxim, what is the initial stance taken regarding new traits?
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What do Shari’ah prohibitions primarily aim to prevent?
What do Shari’ah prohibitions primarily aim to prevent?
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How does the sub-maxim relate to conflicts over new states?
How does the sub-maxim relate to conflicts over new states?
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According to scholars, what is a key characteristic of the entire Shari’ah?
According to scholars, what is a key characteristic of the entire Shari’ah?
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How do scholars view the relationship between Shari’ah commands and Maslahah?
How do scholars view the relationship between Shari’ah commands and Maslahah?
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What is implied by the concept of Mafsadah in Shari’ah?
What is implied by the concept of Mafsadah in Shari’ah?
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What does the principle 'Necessity Renders Prohibited Things Permissible' imply in general?
What does the principle 'Necessity Renders Prohibited Things Permissible' imply in general?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a reason for necessity according to the concept presented?
Which of the following is NOT considered a reason for necessity according to the concept presented?
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Which situation aligns with the definition of necessity as described?
Which situation aligns with the definition of necessity as described?
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Why might a general rule lead to injustice in exceptional situations?
Why might a general rule lead to injustice in exceptional situations?
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What is the outcome when necessity is not acknowledged in decision-making?
What is the outcome when necessity is not acknowledged in decision-making?
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Study Notes
Objectives of Shari'ah
- The Prophet's mission is mercy to all of God's creatures, not just mankind.
- Mercy includes safeguarding people's interests and protection.
- Shari'ah aims to protect people's interests in this world and the next.
- God created Shari'ah for the benefit of mankind.
- Maslahah (benefit or public interest) is the sole objective of Shari'ah.
Scholarly Consensus
- No injunction in Shari'ah exists that does not seek to secure Maslahah.
- All commands in Shari'ah aim to realize Maslahah.
- All prohibitions aim to prevent corruption or harm (Mafsadah).
Fundamental Objectives in Islamic Law
- Protection of Din (Religion)
- Protection of Life
- Protection of Lineage
- Protection of Intellect
- Protection of Wealth
Protection of Din (Religion)
- Protecting the faith of Muslims from influences that may undermine it.
- Jihad, prayer, fasting, and pilgrimage help to establish Din.
Protection of Life
- Preventing harm that may result in death or injury, and maintain good health
- Penalties are provided for those who cause death without justification.
Protection of Wealth
- Wealth should not be taken from its owners without fair compensation
- Shari'ah prohibits theft and other forms of misappropriation.
- Favouring the fair distribution of wealth among members of society.
Protection of Intellect
- Preventing negative influences that lead to corruption.
- Promoting education and healthy conditions.
- Prohibiting alcohol and other intoxicants that harm the intellect.
Protection of Lineage
- Preventing acts that stop procreation.
- Maintaining healthy family life and the institution of marriage.
- Encouraging marriage and requiring children to be attributed to their parents.
Fiqh/Legal Maxims
- Definition: A general legal rule applicable to most situations.
- Important principles include: determination by intention, certainty over doubt, permissibility as the principle, freedom from liability, hardship begets facility, and removal of harm.
Matters are Determined According to Intention
- Acts are linked to intention.
- The Prophet's tradition emphasizes the importance of judging deeds by intentions.
- Intention distinguishes between habitual actions and worship, and various levels of worship.
- It also distinguishes whether the purpose of an action is for the sake of God alone or not.
Contractual Consideration
- If the intention and wording of a contract differ, the meaning should be prioritized over the literal wording.
Certainty Cannot Be Removed by Doubt
- A statement backed by evidence or witnesses is considered certain.
- Claims cannot override established facts.
The Principle in All Things is Permissibility
- All foods and transactions are allowed unless prohibited by the Quran or Sunnah.
- Commerce and trade should adapt to changing needs to meet the demands of societies.
Zahiris Regarding Transactions
- The principle of prohibition is a fundamental one, with some transactions that do not meet the required standards as void and forbidden.
- Most scholars, however, say the majority principle concerning transactions is permissibility, as the goal of contracts is to protect the interests of all parties participating.
Freedom from Liability is a Fundamental Principle
- A person is not liable unless proven so.
- The burden of proof for claims of liability is on the claimant.
Hardship Begets Facility
- Rules of law are generally applicable, but may require exceptions in certain exceptional circumstances.
- Hardship is the reason for easing the rule to avoid unjust application.
Necessity Renders Prohibited Things Permissible
- Necessity (Darurat) allows a person to pursue actions that would normally be prohibited to save their religion, life, property, mind, or offspring.
Harm Should Be Eliminated
- Harm should be neither inflicted nor received.
- The principle (La Darara wa la Dirar) is derived from the Prophet's Hadith.
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Description
Explore the fundamental objectives of Shari'ah, derived from the teachings of the Prophet. This quiz covers concepts such as Maslahah, the protection of religion, life, lineage, intellect, and wealth under Islamic law, highlighting their importance and implications for the welfare of mankind.
