40 Questions
What is the main goal of object-oriented system development?
To support the creation, enhancement, and maintenance of complex enterprise IT systems
What is the main perspective of object orientation?
Viewing systems as an interaction of abstract or real entities
What is NOT true about object orientation?
It is a programming language
When did the widespread acceptance of object orientation in industrial applications begin?
In the early 1990s
What is the role of Ms. Koch in the case study?
Developer programming an online shop
What type of systems does object orientation support?
Only complex enterprise IT systems
What is the name of the customer in the case study?
Mr. Lange
What is the purpose of the object-oriented approach?
To support the development of complex systems
What is the name of the object created in the example scenario?
Digital Clock
What is the primary goal of the object-oriented analysis phase?
To gain a comprehensive understanding of the functional relationships within the system
What is the result of the object-oriented design phase?
A technical design of the system
What is the purpose of the system architecture in the object-oriented development process?
To define the rough structure of the system
What is the primary goal of the object-oriented programming phase?
To develop functional program code
What is the outcome of the software development process?
A functional system
What is the role of the system architect in the object-oriented development process?
To define the rough structure of the system
What is the purpose of the analysis model in the object-oriented development process?
To act as a means of communication between the developers and the client
What is a major factor that contributes to the growth of the number of lines of program code in enterprise IT systems?
The ongoing development and adaptation of applications to meet business and technical trends
What is the primary purpose of attributes in an object?
To store and protect information
What is the primary characteristic of object-oriented programming?
The development of programs consisting of cooperating objects
What is the primary advantage of using object-oriented programming for large industrial software systems?
It facilitates the development of complex systems consisting of cooperating objects
What is the primary purpose of methods in an object?
To create, read, change, and perform calculations on attribute values
What is the principle that dictates that an object's attributes cannot be directly changed by other objects?
Data encapsulation
What is the primary advantage of using model-driven development approaches?
It allows for the reuse of previously programmed functions
What is the primary characteristic of structured programming?
The structuring of a program into procedures and subprocedures
What is the primary risk if programmers fail to adhere to the system specifications?
Design decisions will not be implemented appropriately
What is the primary goal of analysis in developing an online shop?
To understand the business activities and processes involved
What is the focus of the technical design of an online shop?
The technical objects and their cooperation
What is the primary advantage of object-oriented system development?
It leads to fewer problems in scaling, stability, and extensibility
What is the main concept of object orientation in software development?
Considering complex systems as an interaction of cooperating objects
What does the coffee machine example demonstrate?
How object orientation affects the viewing of technical systems
What is the effect of replacing the water tank with a direct connection to the drinking water network in the coffee machine example?
The water pipe no longer cooperates with the tank, but instead with the drinking water supply
What is the purpose of associating the clock object with the heating element in the extended coffee machine example?
To control the heating element's function with the clock
What is the primary purpose of encapsulation in object-oriented systems?
To divide internal elements into areas with specific functions
What is the main advantage of developing systems using object-oriented approach?
It supports development, enhancement, and quality assurance
According to the coffee machine example, what is the responsibility of the heating element?
To convert electrical energy into heat
What is the main benefit of using interfaces in object-oriented systems?
To allow objects to interact with each other
What is the goal of the object-oriented development process?
To develop a system that meets the requirements of the client
What happens when objects are interchanged or extended in an object-oriented system?
Only the affected parts of the system need to be retested
What is the main concept of object-oriented systems?
The system is described as the interaction of cooperating objects
What is the result of dividing systems into individual objects with specific responsibilities?
It supports development, enhancement, and quality assurance
Study Notes
Object-Oriented System Development
- Object orientation is an approach in software technology that supports the development, enhancement, and maintenance of complex enterprise IT systems.
- It views complex systems as an interaction of abstract or real entities, known as objects.
The Concept of Object
- An object is a part of a software system.
- An object can contain attributes and methods.
- Attributes are used to store information, such as current values of variables, in an object.
- Attributes of an object are hidden from direct access from other objects and are thus protected (principle of data encapsulation).
- Methods are used to create, read, change, and perform calculations of the values of attributes.
Phases of Object-Oriented Development Process
- Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA): determines what a system should do.
- Object-Oriented Design (OOD): forms a bridge between the analysis and implementation.
- Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): translates a system design into functioning program code.
Benefits of Object Orientation
- Supports the creation, enhancement, and maintenance of complex enterprise IT systems.
- Achieves quality goals such as simple extensibility, better testability, and better maintainability.
Example of Object Orientation: Digital Clock
- A digital clock can be replicated as a digital object with attributes such as "current time" and "current time zone".
- Methods of the digital clock object can include "set time", "output time", and "set time zone".
Example of Object Orientation: Coffee Machine
- A coffee machine can be viewed as an interaction of cooperating objects, such as water tank, water pipe, non-return valve, heating element, hot plate, and filter.
- Each object has a specific responsibility and interacts with other objects to achieve a common goal.
Summary
- Object orientation is an approach that supports the creation, enhancement, and maintenance of complex enterprise IT systems.
- It views complex systems as an interaction of cooperating objects.
- The object-oriented development process consists of object-oriented analysis, object-oriented design, and object-oriented implementation.
Learn about object-oriented system development through a case study of creating an online shop for media products. Understand the concepts of object interaction and system development.
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