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Questions and Answers
What does OOP stand for?
Object Oriented Programming
Which of these is a characteristic of Object Oriented Programming?
Match the objects with their attributes and operations:
Car = Manufacturer, Model, Color, Start, Drive Bank Account = AccountNo, HolderName, Balance, Deposit, Withdraw Laptop = Brand, Memory, Processor, Boot, Shutdown Book = Title, Author, ISBN, Read, Write
Who founded C++ and in what year?
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Procedural programming emphasizes data over functions.
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Inheritance is one of the four main principles of Object Oriented Programming.
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Abstraction is the process of hiding the ______ of an object.
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Name the four main principles of OOP.
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Which of the following programming languages are examples of Object Oriented Programming?
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Study Notes
Introduction to OOP
- Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a design philosophy that emphasizes the use of objects as fundamental components.
- C++ was created by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1983.
- OOP differs from procedural programming languages like C and Pascal, focusing on self-sustaining "objects."
Concepts of OOP
- Objects can be physical (e.g., car, pen, laptop) or logical (e.g., bank account).
- Attributes define the characteristics of an object, while operations describe the behavior or actions it can perform.
Attributes and Operations
- Example attributes and operations for objects:
- Car: Attributes (Manufacturer, Model, Color, Year) | Operations (Start, Drive, Park)
- Bank Account: Attributes (AccountNo, HolderName, Balance) | Operations (Deposit, Withdraw, Transfer)
Classes
- A class serves as a blueprint or template for creating objects, while an object is an instance of a class.
Applications of OOP
- OOP is utilized in various fields including:
- Real-Time Systems Design
- Simulation and Modeling
- Object-Oriented Databases
- Client-Server Systems
- Neural Networking and Parallel Programming
- Decision Support and Office Automation
- CIM/CAD/CAM Systems
- AI and Expert Systems
Procedural vs. Object-Oriented Programming
- Procedural Programming (POP) focuses on functions, while OOP emphasizes data and objects.
- POP uses a top-down approach; OOP employs a bottom-up approach, dividing programs into classes and objects.
- In POP, data moves freely between functions; in OOP, data is encapsulated and hidden from external access.
- OOP supports concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction, unlike POP.
Principles of OOP (A.E.I.P)
- Key principles include:
- Abstraction: Represents essential features while hiding irrelevant details.
- Encapsulation: Restricts direct access to object data.
- Inheritance: Allows classes to inherit properties and methods from other classes.
- Polymorphism: Enables methods to take on multiple forms.
Abstraction in OOP
- Abstraction provides a generalized view of classes, focusing on relevant information.
- It aims to hide an object's working style, presenting only necessary data for user interaction.
- Example: A mobile phone can dial numbers and send SMSes, while specific features differ across models.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of Object Oriented Programming (OOP) using C++. It explores the principles, benefits, and differences between procedural and object-oriented programming, providing a solid foundation for understanding OOP as a design philosophy.
