Object-Oriented Programming

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Questions and Answers

Which concept of OOP involves bundling data and methods that operate on that data, and restricting direct access to some of the object's components?

  • Inheritance
  • Abstraction
  • Polymorphism
  • Encapsulation (correct)

If a class named Animal has a method makeSound(), and a class Dog inherits from Animal, what OOP principle allows Dog to provide its own specific implementation of makeSound()?

  • Inheritance
  • Abstraction
  • Polymorphism (correct)
  • Encapsulation

Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of a constructor in object-oriented programming?

  • To define the methods an object can use.
  • To destroy an object and free its memory.
  • To specify the class from which an object is created.
  • To initialize an object's state when it is created. (correct)

In OOP, what mechanism allows a class to inherit properties and behaviors (methods) from another class?

<p>Inheritance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept focuses on hiding complex implementation details and exposing only essential information about an object?

<p>Abstraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the this keyword within a constructor or method in the context of OOP?

<p>It refers to the current instance of the class. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between a class and an object in object-oriented programming?

<p>An object is an instance of a class. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates polymorphism in OOP?

<p>A method performing differently based on the object that calls it. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an array of objects in object-oriented programming?

<p>To store multiple instances of the same class in a single collection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given a base class Shape with a method calculateArea(), what does inheritance enable a Circle class to do?

<p>Override the <code>calculateArea()</code> method in <code>Circle</code> to compute its specific area, while still being a <code>Shape</code>. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

A programming paradigm using classes and objects with attributes and behaviors to model real-world entities.

Class

A blueprint for creating objects, defining their attributes (variables) and behaviors (methods).

Object

An instance of a class, possessing its own unique data and capable of using the class's methods.

Constructor

A special method that initializes an object when it is created, bearing the same name as the class and having no return type.

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Encapsulation

Hiding the internal data of a class and providing access to it only through methods.

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Polymorphism

Allows a method to behave differently based on the object that is calling it. Subclasses connected to superclasses.

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Abstraction

Hides complex implementation details and exposes only the necessary parts to the user.

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Inheritance

Allows a class (child) to acquire properties and methods from another class (parent), promoting code reuse.

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Study Notes

  • Object-Oriented Programming implements real-world objects using classes with attributes and purpose.

Class

  • A class is a blueprint for creating objects.
  • It defines the attributes (variables) and behaviors (methods) of an object.

Object

  • An object is an instance of a class.
  • Objects have unique data and can use class methods.

Constructor

  • A constructor is a special method that initializes an object when created.
  • It shares the same name as its class and lacks a return type.
  • The this keyword is used.

Object Method

  • An object method sits inside a class.
  • It performs actions related to the object.

Encapsulation

  • Encapsulation hides data inside a class.
  • It allows access only through methods.
  • The private keyword is used.

Array of Objects

  • An array of objects stores multiple instances of a class in a single array.
  • This is considered an array of arrays.

Polymorphism

  • Polymorphism enables a method to behave differently.
  • This is based on the object calling it
  • Subclasses are connected to a superclass.

Interface

  • Type inference enables Java to automatically determine the data type.
  • Utilizes full abstraction.
  • Static.
  • Requires Implementation.
  • More than one superclass can be created.

Abstraction

  • Abstraction hides complex implementation details, exposing only necessary parts.
  • Instantiation is not possible i.e. cannot instantiate.
  • Needs to inherit from another class.

Inheritance

  • Inheritance allows a class (child) to inherit properties and methods from another class (parent).

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