Object Oriented Analysis and Design Lesson Plan

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Questions and Answers

Which method emphasizes the use of diagrams and symbols for software documentation?

  • Jacobson's Use Cases
  • UML methods
  • Object Modeling Technique
  • Booch Method (correct)

Which approach focuses on modeling the system's behavior from the user's perspective?

  • Object Modeling Technique
  • Booch Method
  • UML methods
  • Jacobson's Use Cases (correct)

Which approach emphasizes the importance of understanding the workflow involved in system development?

  • Object Modeling Technique
  • Jacobson's Use Cases
  • Booch Method (correct)
  • UML methods

Which approach emphasizes the use of analogies to understand the development process?

<p>Object Modeling Technique (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 'extends' in object-oriented development?

<p>It describes a hierarchical relationship between objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Use Case Diagram in the context of software development?

<p>To illustrate how users interact with a system and the functionality they require. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Use Case Diagram?

<p>It is primarily used for modeling the internal structure of a system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of actors in a Use Case Diagram?

<p>They represent roles or users who interact with the system, triggering functionalities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the 'UML Class' in software development?

<p>To visually represent the structure and relationships of classes and their attributes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a static and dynamic model in software development?

<p>Static models focus on the system's structure and components while dynamic models focus on how the system behaves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of diagram typically used in UML (Unified Modeling Language)?

<p>Data Flow Diagram (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a 'Use Case Description' according to the provided content?

<p>To define the interaction between different actors and their respective actions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary activity present in object-oriented design?

<p>Creating user interfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of class diagrams in object-oriented design?

<p>To demonstrate the hierarchy of classes and their relationships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a method typically found in a "Bank Account" class?

<p>CalculateInterest() (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When designing a system, when would you implement "protected" access modifier for methods?

<p>When the method should be accessible by classes within the package or its subclasses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of CASE tools in object-oriented design?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using packages in object-oriented design?

<p>To improve code organization and modularity, making the system easier to manage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of defining a class in object-oriented design?

<p>Specifying the size of the class in memory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the difference between an "activity diagram" and a "use case diagram"?

<p>Activity diagrams focus on the flow of control within a method, while use case diagrams depict interaction between actors and the system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a "Shopping ATM system" be modeled as a package in object-oriented design?

<p>Include all classes related to shopping and ATM operations within a single &quot;ShoppingATM&quot; package (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the 'Object Oriented Design' process?

<p>Implementing objects and components with a specific focus on system cohesion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between 'Use Case Analysis' and 'Developing a UML class diagram'?

<p>Use Case Analysis is a preliminary step that informs the development of a UML class diagram by defining the system's functionality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key component of the process of 'Object Oriented Design'?

<p>Determining the types of Coupling present in the system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided context, which of the following is the primary goal of 'Design Axioms'?

<p>To refine the design of subsystems based on specific principles and rules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the primary difference between 'Design Patterns' and 'Design Axioms'?

<p>Design patterns are general solutions to recurring design problems, while axioms are specific principles applied to a specific subsystem. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of 'Design Axioms' in relation to 'Design Patterns'?

<p>To define the boundaries and constraints within which design patterns should operate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the most suitable approach to understand the functionality expected in an 'ATM banking system' before developing detailed design elements.

<p>Conducting a Use Case analysis to map out user interactions and system functionalities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order in which the following concepts are applied in the 'Object Oriented Design' process: (I) Design Patterns, (II) Design Axioms, (III) Use Case Analysis, (IV) UML Class Diagram?

<p>III, IV, II, I (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately explains the relationship between 'Design Axioms' and 'Design Patterns'?

<p>Design Axioms provide theoretical principles, while Design Patterns offer practical solutions for specific design problems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Object-Oriented Development

A programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which contain data and methods.

Phases in OO Development

The stages of the object-oriented development process, usually including analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

Rambaugh Method

A methodology for object-oriented analysis and design developed by Grady Booch, James Rambaugh, and Ivar Jacobson.

Use Case

A description of how a user interacts with a system to achieve a goal, often used in OO modeling.

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Booch Method

A method for software design that involves using a comprehensive set of symbols to document system designs.

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Software Development Process

A sequence of steps including analysis, design, implementation, testing, and refinement.

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Use Case Diagram

A graphical representation showing interactions between actors and a system for a specific use case.

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Actors in Use Case

Entities (people or systems) that interact with the use case in a system.

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UML (Unified Modeling Language)

A standardized modeling language used to visualize the design of a system.

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Class Diagram

A type of UML diagram that shows the classes in a system and their relationships.

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Association in Class Diagram

A relationship between two classes that shows how they are connected.

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Use Case Descriptions

Detailed explanations of the steps involved in each use case and its interactions.

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UML Class Diagram

A visual representation of a system's classes and their relationships.

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Use Case Analysis

A technique used to identify the interactions between users and a system.

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Cohesion

The degree to which the elements of a module belong together; high cohesion is desirable.

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Coupling

The degree of interdependence between software modules; low coupling is desirable.

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Design Axiom

A fundamental principle that guides software design and design decisions.

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Design Patterns

Typical solutions to recurring design problems in software development.

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Responsibilities in classes

Functions or tasks that a particular class is supposed to manage or perform.

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Independent components

Modules that can operate without reliance on other components.

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Motivation in Design

Reasons behind choosing specific design choices or patterns in the development process.

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Object-Oriented Analysis

The process of examining the requirements and functionalities of the system from an object-oriented perspective.

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Design Classes

Classes identified during analysis that provide a framework for the design process.

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Attribute Types

The different kinds of data that characterize an object within a class.

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Public Method

A method accessible from outside the class, allowing interaction with the object.

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Private Method

A method that cannot be accessed from outside the class, ensuring encapsulation.

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Protected Method

A method that can be accessed by classes derived from the parent class and the class itself.

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Activity Diagram

A flowchart that represents the workflows of stepwise activities and actions.

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CASE Tools

Computer-Aided Software Engineering tools that support software development activities.

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Study Notes

Object Oriented Analysis and Design Lesson Plan

  • Course Objectives:
    • Learn the concept of Object Oriented Software Development
    • Understand UML Diagrams
    • Understand Object Oriented Analysis processes

Unit 1: Object Oriented Methodologies

  • Introduction:
    • Brief introduction to object-oriented analysis and design
  • System Life Cycle & Traditional Life Cycle Models:
    • Overview of frameworks and activities involved in development systems versus traditional life cycles
    • Comparison and contrast of different life cycle models
    • Discussion of orthogonal views of software
    • Discussion of UML methods used
  • Object-Oriented Approach:
    • Understanding the phases involved in object-oriented approaches
  • Booch Methodology:
    • Booch method to document systems with symbols

Unit 2: UML Diagrams

  • Introduction:
    • Brief overview of different types of UML diagrams
    • Discussion of static and underlying models
  • Use Case Diagram:
    • Definition of use case diagram
    • Explanation of use case concepts
  • UML Class Diagram:
    • Definition of UML class diagram
    • Graphical representation of use case diagrams
    • User descriptions for ordering books

Unit 3: Object Oriented Analysis

  • Introduction:
    • Understanding objects, attributes, and design process
  • Object Approaches:
    • Defining object attributes
    • Discussion of object-oriented approaches for classes and behaviors
    • Guidelines for identifying objects and associations
  • Methods for Developing UML Diagram:
    • Developing UML class diagrams based on use case analysis

Unit 4: Object Oriented Design

  • View Layer Design:
    • Responsibility for input and output of applications
    • Macro and micro level UI design
  • Micro and Macro Level Process:
    • Analyzing use case in micro and macro level
    • Designing ATM systems
  • Prototyping User Interface:
    • Rapid prototyping and incremental development approaches for user interface design
  • Case Study:
    • Designing user interface for bank ATM systems
    • Creating access classes for bank client classes

Unit 5: Design Patterns

  • Design Patterns Introduction:
    • Different types of design patterns- structured and creational patterns
    • Selecting a design pattern for design problems
  • Design Patterns in Practice:
    • Implementation through pattern usage
    • Structural, behavioral, creational pattern examples

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