Podcast
Questions and Answers
PCM hasn’t specified the exact ______.
PCM hasn’t specified the exact ______.
cylinder
The Check Engine Light may ______.
The Check Engine Light may ______.
flash
The engine may be hard to ______.
The engine may be hard to ______.
start
One of the possible causes of the problem is a ______ or worn out spark plugs.
One of the possible causes of the problem is a ______ or worn out spark plugs.
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Using a scan tool, pull codes and see if there are any other besides ______.
Using a scan tool, pull codes and see if there are any other besides ______.
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Inspect whether spark plugs and their wires are in good ______.
Inspect whether spark plugs and their wires are in good ______.
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One of the possible causes of the problem is a ______ catalytic converter.
One of the possible causes of the problem is a ______ catalytic converter.
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The meaning of P0301 is that the PCM has detected that cylinder #1 is not firing ______.
The meaning of P0301 is that the PCM has detected that cylinder #1 is not firing ______.
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One of the diagnostic steps is to inspect whether there are loose, open or short ______ in ignition coils.
One of the diagnostic steps is to inspect whether there are loose, open or short ______ in ignition coils.
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Using a scan tool, pull codes and see if there are any other besides ______.
Using a scan tool, pull codes and see if there are any other besides ______.
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Study Notes
OBD-II Diagnostic Tools
- PC-based OBD analysis tools convert OBD-II signals to serial data (USB or serial port) standard for PCs or Macs
- Software decodes received data to a visual display
- Popular interfaces are based on ELM or STN1110 OBD Interpreter ICs, which read all five generic OBD-II protocols
- Some adapters use the J2534 API, allowing access to OBD-II protocols for both cars and trucks
PC-Based Tools vs. Hand-Held Scan Tools
- PC-based tools generally offer:
- Large storage capacity for data logging and other functions
- Higher resolution screen than handheld tools
- Ability to use multiple software programs, adding flexibility
- Identification and clearance of fault codes
- Data shown by intuitive graphs and charts
Data Loggers
- Designed to capture vehicle data while the vehicle is in normal operation, for later analysis
- Data logging uses include:
- Engine and vehicle monitoring under normal operation, for diagnosis or tuning
- Reducing premiums with some US auto insurance companies if OBD-II vehicle data loggers or cameras are installed
OBD-II Codes
- Consist of a five-digit alphanumeric code
- Formats:
- First character (letter): denotes the part of the vehicle with a fault
- Second character (number): 0, 1, 2, or 3, indicating standardized (SAE) code or manufacturer-specific code
- Third character (number/letter): denotes the particular vehicle system with a fault
Interpreting OBD-II Codes
- Examples of codes and their meanings:
- P0102: Mass or Volume Air Flow Circuit low Input
- P0106: Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit Range/Performance Problem
- P0113: Intake Air Temperature Circuit High Input (Sensor 1)
- P0118: Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit High Input
- P0301: Cylinder 1 Misfire Detected
Diagnostic Steps for OBD-II Codes
- Examples of diagnostic steps for each code:
- P0102: Inspect wiring and power to the OBD sensor, use code reader to pull engine codes, check voltage of OBD sensor
- P0106: Use advanced scanner to pull engine codes, diagnose MAP sensor, inspect air intake system for leaks
- P0113: Use advanced scanner to pull engine codes, view live data from IAT sensor, check wiring for opens and loose connections
- P0118: Use scan tool to pull codes, inspect spark plugs and fuel injectors, check fuel pressure and vacuum leaks
- P0301: Use scan tool to pull codes, inspect spark plugs and fuel injectors in cylinder 1, check fuel pressure and vacuum leaks
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Description
Understanding OBD-II signals and their conversion to serial data for PC-based analysis tools. Learn about ELM and STN1110 OBD Interpreter ICs and their role in reading OBD-II data.
