Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who described Mazzini as the most dangerous enemy of the social order?
Who described Mazzini as the most dangerous enemy of the social order?
Mettemich
Who headed the constitutional monarchy installed by liberal revolutionaries in 1830?
Who headed the constitutional monarchy installed by liberal revolutionaries in 1830?
Louis Philippe
Who remarked 'When France sneezes the rest of Europe catches cold'?
Who remarked 'When France sneezes the rest of Europe catches cold'?
Duke Mettemich
How did Lord Byron contribute to the Greek War of Independence?
How did Lord Byron contribute to the Greek War of Independence?
What did the Romantic artists and poets criticize?
What did the Romantic artists and poets criticize?
Who claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people?
Who claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people?
What is meant by 'das volk'?
What is meant by 'das volk'?
What was the term given to the true spirit of a nation in Germany?
What was the term given to the true spirit of a nation in Germany?
What was the result of the rise in population in Europe in the first half of the 19th century?
What was the result of the rise in population in Europe in the first half of the 19th century?
Where was the Frankfurt Parliament convened?
Where was the Frankfurt Parliament convened?
Why did the middle class lose its support after the failure of the Frankfurt Parliament?
Why did the middle class lose its support after the failure of the Frankfurt Parliament?
Which state led the unification of Germany?
Which state led the unification of Germany?
Who holds the credit of unifying Germany?
Who holds the credit of unifying Germany?
Who was proclaimed the German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in January 1871?
Who was proclaimed the German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in January 1871?
Who headed Sardinia-Piedmont?
Who headed Sardinia-Piedmont?
Who led the movement to unify the regions of Italy?
Who led the movement to unify the regions of Italy?
In 1861, who was proclaimed the king of united Italy?
In 1861, who was proclaimed the king of united Italy?
Name the ethnic groups who inhabited the British Isles.
Name the ethnic groups who inhabited the British Isles.
What was the result of the Act of Union (1707)?
What was the result of the Act of Union (1707)?
What is an allegory?
What is an allegory?
Who represented France as a nation?
Who represented France as a nation?
What was Germania?
What was Germania?
Who were the Slavs?
Who were the Slavs?
What made the Balkan area explosive?
What made the Balkan area explosive?
Name the powers that were keen on countering the hold of other powers over the Balkans.
Name the powers that were keen on countering the hold of other powers over the Balkans.
What led Europe into disaster in 1914?
What led Europe into disaster in 1914?
Identify the correct statement with regard to 'The Act of Union-1707'.
Identify the correct statement with regard to 'The Act of Union-1707'.
Which of the following treaties recognized Greece as an independent nation?
Which of the following treaties recognized Greece as an independent nation?
Elle, the measuring unit in Germany was used to measure:
Elle, the measuring unit in Germany was used to measure:
Zollevrein started in 1834 in Prussia refers to a:
Zollevrein started in 1834 in Prussia refers to a:
What do the saints, angels, and Christ symbolize in the Utopian vision?
What do the saints, angels, and Christ symbolize in the Utopian vision?
Who were the 'Junkers'?
Who were the 'Junkers'?
Which treaty recognized Greece as an independent nation?
Which treaty recognized Greece as an independent nation?
By which of the following treaties was the United Kingdom of Great Britain formed?
By which of the following treaties was the United Kingdom of Great Britain formed?
Which of the following group of powers collectively defeated Napoleon?
Which of the following group of powers collectively defeated Napoleon?
Romanticism refers to a:
Romanticism refers to a:
Which one of the following types of government was functioning in France before the revolution of 1789?
Which one of the following types of government was functioning in France before the revolution of 1789?
Which of the following countries is considered the 'cradle of European civilization'?
Which of the following countries is considered the 'cradle of European civilization'?
Choose the correct nationality of the artist Frederic Sorrieu who visualized in his painting a society made up of Democratic and Social Republic.
Choose the correct nationality of the artist Frederic Sorrieu who visualized in his painting a society made up of Democratic and Social Republic.
'Nationalism', which emerged as a force in the late 19th century, means
'Nationalism', which emerged as a force in the late 19th century, means
A 'Utopian Society' is
A 'Utopian Society' is
Pick out the correct definition to define the term 'Plebiscite'.
Pick out the correct definition to define the term 'Plebiscite'.
Ernst Renan believed that the existence of nations is a necessity because
Ernst Renan believed that the existence of nations is a necessity because
Which of the following countries did not attend the Congress of Vienna?
Which of the following countries did not attend the Congress of Vienna?
The first great revolution which gave the clear idea of nationalism with its core words: 'Liberty, Equality and Fraternity' was:
The first great revolution which gave the clear idea of nationalism with its core words: 'Liberty, Equality and Fraternity' was:
Which of the following statements about the 'French Revolution' are correct?
Which of the following statements about the 'French Revolution' are correct?
The French revolutionaries declared that the mission and destiny of the French nation were
The French revolutionaries declared that the mission and destiny of the French nation were
The Civil Code of 1804 in France is usually known as:
The Civil Code of 1804 in France is usually known as:
The Napoleonic Code was exported to which of the following regions?
The Napoleonic Code was exported to which of the following regions?
The liberal nationalism stands for:
The liberal nationalism stands for:
Who among the following formed the secret society called 'Young Italy'?
Who among the following formed the secret society called 'Young Italy'?
The term 'Universal Suffrage' means:
The term 'Universal Suffrage' means:
Which of the following is not a feature or belief of 'Conservatism'?
Which of the following is not a feature or belief of 'Conservatism'?
The Treaty of recognized Greece as an independent nation:
The Treaty of recognized Greece as an independent nation:
Who said 'When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold'?
Who said 'When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold'?
What happened to Poland at the end of the 18th century?
What happened to Poland at the end of the 18th century?
Who played the leading role in the unification of Germany?
Who played the leading role in the unification of Germany?
Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark, Germany and France, ended in:
Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark, Germany and France, ended in:
Who was proclaimed the emperor of Germany in 1871?
Who was proclaimed the emperor of Germany in 1871?
Who became the King of United Italy in 1861?
Who became the King of United Italy in 1861?
What helped in the formation of a nation-state in Britain?
What helped in the formation of a nation-state in Britain?
Who was responsible for the unification of Germany?
Who was responsible for the unification of Germany?
The allegory of the German nation who wears a crown of oak leaves was a:
The allegory of the German nation who wears a crown of oak leaves was a:
A large part of Balkans region was under the control of:
A large part of Balkans region was under the control of:
Austrian Chancellor ___________ hosted the Congress of Vienna.
Austrian Chancellor ___________ hosted the Congress of Vienna.
The first clear expression of nationalism came with the ___________.
The first clear expression of nationalism came with the ___________.
The Civil Code of 1804 was known as the ___________.
The Civil Code of 1804 was known as the ___________.
___________ became the allegory of the German nation.
___________ became the allegory of the German nation.
Frederic Sorrieu was a ___________.
Frederic Sorrieu was a ___________.
A large part of the Balkans was under the control of the ___________ Empire.
A large part of the Balkans was under the control of the ___________ Empire.
To which country did the artist Frederic Sorrieu belong?
To which country did the artist Frederic Sorrieu belong?
What is referred to as Absolutism?
What is referred to as Absolutism?
Define Nation.
Define Nation.
What was the concept of a nation-state?
What was the concept of a nation-state?
Define Plebiscite.
Define Plebiscite.
MATCH THE COLUMN: (a) French Revolution, (b) Liberalism, (c) Napoleonic Code, (d) The Treaty of Vienna, (e) Treaty of Constantinople.
MATCH THE COLUMN: (a) French Revolution, (b) Liberalism, (c) Napoleonic Code, (d) The Treaty of Vienna, (e) Treaty of Constantinople.
Which form of government was operating in France before the revolution of 1789?
Which form of government was operating in France before the revolution of 1789?
What was the mission of the French revolutionaries?
What was the mission of the French revolutionaries?
What was Napoleonic Code?
What was Napoleonic Code?
Name the provinces under the Habsburg Empire.
Name the provinces under the Habsburg Empire.
Name the two Italian-speaking provinces of the Habsburg Empire.
Name the two Italian-speaking provinces of the Habsburg Empire.
What was the tie that bound the diverse groups of Habsburg Empire?
What was the tie that bound the diverse groups of Habsburg Empire?
What did the new social group that came into being in the 19th century comprise of?
What did the new social group that came into being in the 19th century comprise of?
What ideas gained popularity among the educated liberal middle class?
What ideas gained popularity among the educated liberal middle class?
What did liberalism stand for the new middle classes?
What did liberalism stand for the new middle classes?
What did 19th-century liberals stress upon?
What did 19th-century liberals stress upon?
What does suffrage mean?
What does suffrage mean?
What was the status of women under the Napoleonic Code?
What was the status of women under the Napoleonic Code?
What did liberalism stand for in the economic sphere?
What did liberalism stand for in the economic sphere?
What was the strong demand of the emerging middle class in Europe during the 19th century?
What was the strong demand of the emerging middle class in Europe during the 19th century?
What was the basic philosophy of the conservatives?
What was the basic philosophy of the conservatives?
Which dynasty was deposed during the French Revolution and later restored to power by conservatives?
Which dynasty was deposed during the French Revolution and later restored to power by conservatives?
What was the nature of Conservative regimes set up in 1815?
What was the nature of Conservative regimes set up in 1815?
What was the major issue taken up by the liberal nationalists?
What was the major issue taken up by the liberal nationalists?
What was the main aim of the revolutionaries of Europe?
What was the main aim of the revolutionaries of Europe?
What views did Giuseppe Mazzini have about Italy?
What views did Giuseppe Mazzini have about Italy?
How was Mazzini described by Metternich?
How was Mazzini described by Metternich?
Study Notes
Nationalism in Europe
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The Elle was a measuring unit in Germany primarily used for measuring cloth.
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The Zollverein, established in 1834 in Prussia, was a Customs Union that facilitated trade by eliminating tariffs.
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In the Utopian vision, saints, angels, and Christ symbolize fraternity among nations.
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The term ‘Junkers’ refers to large landowners in Prussia.
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The Treaty of Constantinople in 1832 recognized Greece as an independent nation.
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The Act of Union was the treaty that formed the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
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Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Britain collectively defeated Napoleon during the Napoleonic Wars.
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Romanticism is a cultural movement that emphasized emotion and individualism.
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Prior to the 1789 revolution, France operated under a Monarchy.
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Greece is often referred to as the 'cradle of European civilization'.
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Frederic Sorrieu, a French artist, envisioned a society comprising Democratic and Social Republics in his paintings.
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Nationalism emerged as a powerful force in the late 19th century, characterized by a strong devotion to one’s country and its history and culture.
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A Utopian Society is unlikely to exist, as indicated by its definition.
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A Plebiscite is a direct vote in which all citizens of a region are asked to accept or reject a proposal.
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Ernst Renan believed that the existence of nations is essential for ensuring liberty for citizens.
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Switzerland did not attend the Congress of Vienna.
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The first great revolution showcasing nationalism's core ideas of 'Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity' was the French Revolution.
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Post-French Revolution, it was declared that the people constitute the nation and shape its destiny, accompanied by a centralized administrative system to create uniform laws.
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The French revolutionaries aimed to liberate Europe from despotism.
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The Civil Code of 1804 in France is known as the Napoleonic Code.
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The Napoleonic Code was implemented in regions under French control.
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Liberal nationalism advocates for freedom for individuals and equality under the law.
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Giuseppe Mazzini founded the secret society known as 'Young Italy'.
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Universal Suffrage grants voting rights to all adults.
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Key beliefs of Conservatism include preservation of traditional institutions, gradual change over radical ones, and a strong belief in monarchy and social hierarchies.
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The Treaty of Constantinople reaffirmed Greece’s independence.
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Duke Metternich noted that "When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold", highlighting France’s influence on European politics.
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At the end of the 18th century, Poland was partitioned by Russia, Prussia, and Austria, losing its sovereignty.
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Otto Von Bismarck played a crucial role in the unification of Germany.
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The conflicts involving Prussia, Austria, Denmark, and France between 1864 and 1871 ended with Prussian victory.
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Kaiser William I of Prussia was proclaimed the emperor of Germany in 1871.
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Victor Emmanuel II became the King of United Italy in 1861.
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The emergence of a nation-state in Britain resulted from a bloodless revolution where Parliament gained power from the monarchy.
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Bismarck was primarily responsible for Germany's unification.
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The allegory of the German nation, depicted as a female figure wearing a crown of oak leaves, is known as Germania.
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A significant portion of the Balkan region was under the control of the Ottoman Empire.
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Duke Metternich hosted the Congress of Vienna.
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The French Revolution marked the first clear expression of nationalism.
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The Civil Code of 1804 is often referred to as the Napoleonic Code, showcasing reforms in administration.
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German artist and philosopher, Johann Gottfried Herder, emphasized that true German culture could be found among the common people, referred to as das volk.
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Volksgeist represents the national spirit of the German people.
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The population rise in Europe during the early 19th century resulted in unemployment and migration to cities in search of work.
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The Frankfurt Parliament was convened in the Church of St Paul.
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The middle class lost support post-Frankfurt Parliament failure due to resistance against workers' demands.
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Prussia led the unification of Germany and was pivotal in continental politics.
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The Bourbon dynasty was deposed during the French Revolution and restored by conservative powers thereafter.
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The nature of conservative regimes established post-1815 was primarily autocratic.
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The European revolutionaries aimed to overthrow the monarchial order established after the Vienna Congress.
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Lord Byron played a supportive role in the Greek War of Independence, funding the struggle against Ottoman control.
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Romantic artists and poets critiqued the excessive emphasis on reason and science.
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The rise in population in the early 19th century was linked to social changes, including increased poverty and urban migration.
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The influence of liberal nationalism shaped ideas of social equality and individual rights throughout European societies during this era.### Unification of Germany and Italy
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Otto von Bismarck credited with unifying Germany.
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Kaiser William I proclaimed German Emperor in January 1871 at Versailles.
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King Victor Emmanuel II headed the kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont.
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Chief Minister Cavour led the movement for Italian unification.
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Victor Emmanuel II declared king of united Italy in 1861.
Ethnic Groups and Nationalism in the British Isles
- The British Isles are inhabited by the English, Welsh, Scots, and Irish.
- The Act of Union (1707) formed the United Kingdom of Great Britain by incorporating Scotland.
Allegories and National Representation
- An allegory represents an idea through a person or entity, exemplified by Germania for Germany.
- Marianne serves as the national personification of France.
The Slavs and the Balkan Region
- Slavs were the inhabitants of Ottoman Empire territories including Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, and others.
- The Balkan area became a powder keg due to the rise of romantic nationalism and the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire.
Geopolitical Interests in the Balkans
- Russia, Germany, England, and Austro-Hungary sought to counterbalance each other’s influence and extend territorial control in the Balkans.
Nationalism and Its Consequences
- Nationalism, paired with imperialism, was a significant factor leading to conflict in Europe by 1914.
The Act of Union and Greece’s Independence
- The correct assertion about the Act of Union 1707: formation of the 'United Kingdom of Great Britain'.
- Greece’s independence was recognized by the Treaty of Constantinople.
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