Nýnasismi og Fasismi
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Questions and Answers

Hvað er þjóðernishyggja?

  • Hugmyndin um að styrkja innihald efnisins.
  • Áhersla á að verja menningu og hagsmuni þjóðarinnar. (correct)
  • Svæðisbundin stjórnmála stefna sem stofnuð var á 20. öld.
  • Trúin á að sum kynþættir séu betri en aðrir.
  • Hvaða ár var Versalasamningurinn gerður?

  • 1916
  • 1923
  • 1914
  • 1919 (correct)
  • Hver var aðalástæðan fyrir óánægju margra Þjóðverja með Versalasamninginn?

  • Þeir misstu réttinn til að hafa her.
  • Allar ofangreindar ástæður. (correct)
  • Þeir voru neyddir til að greiða háar bætur.
  • Þýskaland tapaði öllu landsvæði sínu.
  • Hver var aðalmaður að nasisma?

    <p>Adolf Hitler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvaða trú var notuð af nasistum til að ofsækja gyðinga?

    <p>Kynþáttahyggja</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað merkir slagorðið „Ein þjóð, eitt ríki, einn foringi“?

    <p>Að sameina ríki undir einum stjórnanda.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað var Hitlersæska?

    <p>Félag þar sem nasistar kenndu börnum hugmyndir sínar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hver var tilgangurinn með mannkynbótastefnu nasista?

    <p>Að auka gæði mannkynsins með „góðum“ fólki.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvernig náði Mussolini völdum í Ítalíu?

    <p>Hann og fasistar mótmæltu og fóru til Rómar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hver var áhrifin af Versalasamningnum á Þýskaland?

    <p>Hann bannaði stóran her og þar með styrkti Hitler Þýskaland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvers vegna kölluðu íslenskir nasistar flokk sinn 'flokk þjóðernissinna'?

    <p>Þeir vildu setja íslenska þjóð framar öðrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hverjar voru afleiðingar Munchenarsamningsins fyrir Evrópu?

    <p>Hann gaf Hitler leyfi til að styrkja Þýskaland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvernig braut Hitler alþjóðlegar samninga með því að senda hermenn inn í Rheinland?

    <p>Hann gerði þetta án samþykkis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hver á að tákna nautið í málverkinu Guernica eftir Picasso?

    <p>Fyrir þjáningu vegna stríðsins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Af hverju var stríðið sem hófst árið 1939 mikilvægt?

    <p>Það markaði upphaf seinni heimsstyrjaldarinnar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hverjar voru hugmyndir fasismans um stjórn?

    <p>Að einn leiðtogi eða hópur stjórnaði öllu.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað átti að nást með því að setja Þýskaland framar öðrum í sjónarmiði nasista?

    <p>Styrking sjálfstæðis íslensku þjóðarinnar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað var Bjórkjallarauppreisnin sem Hitler reyndi árið 1923?

    <p>Misheppnað valdarán í Munchen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvers vegna varð verðbólga í Þýskalandi eftir fyrri heimsstyrjöldina?

    <p>Gildi þýska peningans minnkaði</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað var Munchenarsamningurinn 1938?

    <p>Samningur sem leyfði Hitler að taka Súdetahéruðin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað er mannkynbótastefna?

    <p>Hugmynd um að bæta mannkynið með stjórnun fjölgunar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvernær hófst seinni heimsstyrjöldin?

    <p>1939</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvaða hugtök tengjast hugmyndafræði nasisma?

    <p>Kynþáttahreyfing og einræði</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað merkir orðið antisemitismi?

    <p>Andúð á gyðingum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hverjir voru SA-liðar?

    <p>Nasistar sem beittu ofbeldi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað þýðir orðið ríkiskanslari?

    <p>Forsætisráðherra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvernig reyndi Hitler að ná völdum í Þýskalandi 1923?

    <p>Með hernaðarlegu uppstandi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvernig myndi hægt að lýsa hugmyndum Hitlers um eina sameinaða þjóð?

    <p>Ein þjóð undir einu ríki</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvers vegna voru gyðingar kenndir um vandamál Þýskalands?

    <p>Nasistar vildu finna sökudólga</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hvað kallast hugmyndin um að beita aðferðum til að halda kynþáttarheild hreinum?

    <p>Mannkynbótastefna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nationalist and Fascist Ideologies

    • Nationalism: The belief that one's nation is superior to others. Focuses on defending national culture and interests.
    • Racism: The belief that some races are superior to others. Used by Nazis to persecute Jewish people and other groups.
    • Fascism: A political ideology emphasizing strong state power, nationalism, and dictatorship. Nazism is a type of fascism, but with racial hatred and the 'superior race' concept.

    Adolf Hitler

    • Leader: Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party in Germany.
    • Rule: He ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945 and led the country into World War II.
    • Goals: Wanted to create a "pure" German nation, and held deep hatred for Jewish people.

    Treaties and Agreements

    • Treaty of Versailles (1919): Ended World War I, demanding heavy reparations from Germany, territorial losses, and military limitations. Many Germans resented this, contributing to the rise of the Nazi Party.
    • Munich Agreement (1938): Germany was permitted to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. Intended to avoid war, but failed.
    • Hitler's 1923 Attempted Coup: An unsuccessful attempt to seize power through violence. Imprisonment led to the writing of Mein Kampf.

    Economic Conditions

    • German Inflation: Post-World War I, German currency lost value. Food became unaffordable and savings were wiped out. This fueled resentment and made people receptive to radical ideologies.

    Nazi Policies

    • Eugenics: The idea of improving the human race by letting certain groups reproduce and stopping the reproduction of others. Nazism implemented horrific actions against those deemed "undesirable."
    • Hitler Youth: Organizations to indoctrinate children with Nazi ideology, loyal to Hitler, and prepare them for war.
    • Nazi Slogans: "One people, one nation, one leader" (Hitler wanted a unified nation, controlled by himself). "The Jews are our misfortune" (blaming Jews for all problems). "Our last hope – Hitler" (Hitler as the nation's only hope). "Guns before butter" (prioritizing military strength over consumer goods).
    • Third Reich: Hitler called it the "Third Reich" because he wanted it to be the next strong German empire, following the Holy Roman Empire and the German Empire.
    • Breaking the Treaty of Versailles: Rebuilding the German military, annexing Austria, and reoccupying the Rhineland.

    Nazi Party in Iceland

    • Nationalist Party: Icelandic Nazis called their party the "Nationalist Party" to emphasize their nationalist agenda and links to Nazi ideology.

    Key Dates

    • 1919: Treaty of Versailles.
    • 1923: Hitler's failed Munich Putsch.
    • 1933: Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany.
    • 1938: Munich Agreement.
    • 1939: Start of World War II (invasion of Poland).

    Study Techniques

    • Map Work: Study maps showing changes in European borders, Nazi expansion, and key locations (Sudetenland, Rhineland, Poland).
    • Review: Review key terms and compare and contrast different ideologies. Practice matching dates with events.
    • Practice Questions: Work through practice questions independently.
    • Clarifications: Ask for clarification on anything unclear.

    Additional Concepts

    • Mein Kampf: Hitler's autobiography detailing Nazi ideology and his personal experiences.
    • Antisemitism: Hatred or prejudice against Jewish people.
    • Eugenics: Improving the human race through selective breeding.
    • Propaganda: Information used to persuade people to adopt a certain belief or action.
    • Chancellor: German title for the prime minister.
    • SA: Nazi paramilitary organization known for violence.

    Additional Details (from questions)

    • Hitler's rise to power (1923): He attempted a coup, the Beer Hall Putsch.
    • SA members (1934): Removed to consolidate Hitler's power.

    Additional Information

    • Mussolini's Rise to Power (Q31): Marched on Rome with his fascist supporters.

    • Picasso's Guernica: (Q39) Artwork portraying the suffering of war. Possible interpretations of imagery: bull (violence or fear), horse (sacrificed human), woman-and-child (effect of war on innocents).

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    Description

    Þetta kvizz fjallar um nýnasismi og fasismi og hvernig þau hugmyndafræði hafa haft áhrif á mannkynssöguna. Við munum kanna mikilvægar persónur eins og Adolf Hitler og helstu samninga eins og Versalasamninginn. Taktu þátt og prófaðu þekkingu þína á þessum mikilvægu efnum.

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