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Questions and Answers
Photoheterotrophs require inorganic compounds for carbon.
Photoheterotrophs require inorganic compounds for carbon.
False
Chemoheterotrophs obtain their energy from organic compounds.
Chemoheterotrophs obtain their energy from organic compounds.
True
Lithoautotrophs can fix carbon dioxide to produce organic compounds.
Lithoautotrophs can fix carbon dioxide to produce organic compounds.
True
Organotrophs obtain energy solely from inorganic substances.
Organotrophs obtain energy solely from inorganic substances.
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Purple non-sulfur bacteria are an example of chemoheterotrophs.
Purple non-sulfur bacteria are an example of chemoheterotrophs.
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Phototrophs obtain their energy from chemical compounds.
Phototrophs obtain their energy from chemical compounds.
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Chemotrophs can thrive in environments where sunlight is unavailable.
Chemotrophs can thrive in environments where sunlight is unavailable.
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Autotrophs synthesize their own organic compounds from inorganic substances.
Autotrophs synthesize their own organic compounds from inorganic substances.
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Heterotrophs rely on inorganic substances for their energy and carbon sources.
Heterotrophs rely on inorganic substances for their energy and carbon sources.
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Cyanobacteria are a type of heterotrophic microbe.
Cyanobacteria are a type of heterotrophic microbe.
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Chemoautotrophs use chemical energy from inorganic compounds for chemosynthesis.
Chemoautotrophs use chemical energy from inorganic compounds for chemosynthesis.
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All green plants are classified as chemotrophs.
All green plants are classified as chemotrophs.
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Purple sulfur bacteria are an example of phototrophs.
Purple sulfur bacteria are an example of phototrophs.
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Study Notes
Nutritional Types of Microbes
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Microbes are classified by their requirements for carbon, energy, and electrons for growth
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Based on Energy Source:
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Phototrophs: Obtain energy from light (photosynthesis)
- Examples: Purple sulfur bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, green plants, algae, cyanobacteria
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Chemotrophs: Obtain energy from chemical compounds
- Examples: Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, iron-oxidizing bacteria, fungi (like Aspergillus and Penicillium)
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Phototrophs: Obtain energy from light (photosynthesis)
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Based on Carbon Source:
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Autotrophs: Produce their own organic compounds from inorganic sources (like CO2)
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Photoautotrophs: Use light energy and CO2 for photosynthesis
- Examples: Cyanobacteria, green plants
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Chemoautotrophs: Oxidize inorganic substances for energy and use CO2 for carbon
- Examples: Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
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Photoautotrophs: Use light energy and CO2 for photosynthesis
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Heterotrophs: Obtain organic carbon from other organisms
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Photoheterotrophs: Use light energy but need organic carbon
- Examples: Purple non-sulfur bacteria, green non-sulfur bacteria
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Chemoheterotrophs: Obtain energy and carbon from organic compounds
- Examples: Most bacteria, fungi, humans, animals
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Photoheterotrophs: Use light energy but need organic carbon
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Autotrophs: Produce their own organic compounds from inorganic sources (like CO2)
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Based on Electron Source:
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Lithotrophs: Use reduced inorganic substances as electron source
- Lithoautotrophs: Use inorganic compounds for both energy and carbon
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Lithoheterotrophs: Use inorganic compounds for energy and require organic carbon
- Examples: Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, iron-oxidizing bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (nitrifying bacteria)
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Organotrophs: Use organic compounds as electron source
- Examples: Humans, animals, fungi (like Aspergillus, Penicillium), bacteria (like Escherichia coli, Clostridium)
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Lithotrophs: Use reduced inorganic substances as electron source
Additional Points
- Chemosynthesis: The process where chemoautotrophs convert CO2 into organic compounds using energy released from chemical reactions.
- Processes like photosynthesis and cellular respiration/fermentation are involved in energy production and metabolism for microbes.
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Description
Explore the diverse nutritional classifications of microbes based on their energy and carbon sources. This quiz covers phototrophs, chemotrophs, autotrophs, and heterotrophs, along with examples to enhance your understanding of microbial ecology. Test your knowledge and learn more about these fascinating organisms!
