Questions and Answers
Which of these are important functions of water? (Select all that apply)
Calcium, iron, and potassium are major minerals that are essential for the body's proper functioning.
False
___________ and ___________ combined make up the crystals and infrastructure of the bone and teeth.
calcium and phosphorus
All of these are important functions of iron EXCEPT _____
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Risk factors for osteoporosis include older age, being of African American/black heritage, and of low body weight.
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___________ is the nutrient that is most indispensable.
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Which nutrient transports, dissolves, and reacts with chemicals; provides lubrication and shock protection; and aids in temperature regulation?
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A __________ is a compound that causes increased urinary water excretion.
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Hard water is high in calcium and magnesium while soft water is high in what?
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The cells direct where the salts go, which determines where the fluids flow because water follows what?
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___________ is the most abundant mineral in the body.
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A reaction between a base and an acid produces a ________.
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Sodium attracts ________, causing an increase in blood volume and an increase in blood pressure.
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The mineral __________ is responsible for the stomach's acidity.
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All the following minerals are important to bone health EXCEPT:
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Most of the iron in the body is a component of two proteins, ____________ in red blood cells and myoglobin in muscle cells.
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What does iodine deficiency during pregnancy cause?
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Dietary iron associated with plant sources is called ____________ iron.
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___________ is valued in the diet because of its ability to inhibit the development of dental caries in children and adults.
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All the following inhibit iron absorption EXCEPT:
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Diet alone CAN meet all of a person's mineral needs.
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Iron comes in 2 dietary forms, heme and non-heme. What do these terms mean?
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Which type of iron needs vitamin C for absorption?
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Cracked and/or ridged nails, ingrown hairs and nails, impaired immune system, and decline in mental health are signs and symptoms of a deficiency in zinc.
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Which of the following would be great sources of zinc?
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Magnesium rich sources of food include seeds, nuts, beans, and dark chocolate, or cacao.
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Study Notes
Functions of Water
- Essential for regulating body temperature, lubricating joints, and acting as a universal solvent.
- Water is indispensable for various physiological functions.
Minerals and Health
- Calcium and phosphorus form the structural components of bones and teeth.
- Iron is associated with oxygen transport but is not classified as a major mineral.
Iron Functions and Absorption
- Iron plays key roles in oxygen transport, enzymatic activity, and preventing anemia, but does not act as a buffer.
- Nonheme iron, found in plant foods, requires vitamin C for efficient absorption.
Dietary Sources
- Hard water contains high levels of calcium and magnesium; soft water typically has elevated sodium levels.
- Rich dietary sources of zinc include pumpkin seeds, yogurt, lamb, and beef.
Osteoporosis and Risk Factors
- Osteoporosis risk factors include older age, low body weight, but not specifically African American heritage.
Nutritional Needs and Deficiencies
- Iodine deficiency during pregnancy can lead to cretinism in newborns.
- Signs of zinc deficiency include cracked nails, ingrown hairs, and impaired immune function.
Importance of Specific Nutrients
- Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body, vital for bone health.
- Chloride contributes to the stomach's acidity, aiding digestion.
Iron Forms
- Heme iron is found in animal products; nonheme is from plant sources.
- Most iron in the body is found in hemoglobin and myoglobin proteins.
Water Regulation
- Sodium regulates blood volume and pressure by attracting water, demonstrating the link between electrolytes and fluid balance.
Inhibitors of Iron Absorption
- Vitamin C enhances iron absorption; however, tea, coffee, calcium, and phosphorus inhibit it.
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Description
This quiz explores essential functions of water and vital minerals necessary for health. It covers topics such as the role of iron in the body, dietary sources of minerals, and risk factors for conditions like osteoporosis. Test your knowledge on these important nutritional elements!
