Nutrition Exam #1 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamins?

Become part of the body structural systems

Contain more kilocalories than protein

Enable chemical processes in the body (correct)

Supply a concentrated form of fuel for the body

Minerals can _________.

become part of the body structural systems

Which of the following is not a characteristic of carbohydrates?

Supply energy

Contain more kilocalories than protein (correct)

Are important for body functions

Regulate blood sugar levels

Which of the following is characteristic of lipids?

Supply a concentrated form of fuel Signup and view all the answers

Gram for gram, which provides the most energy?

fats Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of protein?

Regulates blood sugar levels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following yield greater than 4 kilocalories per gram?

Plant fats Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not true about water?

Provides energy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a class of essential nutrients?

Alcohol Signup and view all the answers

A kilocalorie is a measure of _________.

heat energy Signup and view all the answers

A serving of bleu cheese dressing containing 23 grams of fat would yield ________ kilocalories from fat.

207 Signup and view all the answers

How many kilocalories of fat does a meal containing 1,120 kilocalories with percentages 48% from carbohydrates and 13% from protein contain?

437 Signup and view all the answers

The 'Freshman 15' is the term used to describe the _________.

amount of weight typically gained during freshman year of college Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the leading nutrition-related cause of death in the United States?

Heart disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following includes all energy-yielding substances?

Alcohol, carbohydrates, lipids, protein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients can directly supply energy for human use?

Lipids and oils Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients does not promote growth and development as its primary function?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not one of the six categories of Healthy People 2020: Nutrition and Weight Status Objectives?

Calcium Deficiency Signup and view all the answers

To reduce their risk for many chronic diseases, Americans should limit their intakes of _________.

Solid fats Signup and view all the answers

What substances, present in fruits and vegetables, provide significant health benefits such as reducing the risk of cancer?

Phytochemicals Signup and view all the answers

Nutrition is _________.

the science that links food to health and disease Signup and view all the answers

Which class of nutrients comprises 60% of body weight?

Water Signup and view all the answers

Shelby weighs 70 kilograms, which is ________ pounds.

154 Signup and view all the answers

The essential nutrients _________.

cannot be made by the body and therefore must be consumed to maintain health Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the term hypothesis?

An educated guess by a scientist to explain a phenomenon Signup and view all the answers

Fibers belong to the class of nutrients known as _________.

carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Adequate Intakes (AI) _________.

are established for nutrients for which there is not enough information to set RDAs Signup and view all the answers

The term 'Daily Values' on a food label refers to _________.

a generic standard set at or close to the highest RDA value or related nutrient standard Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the way we should eat to achieve good nutritional status?

Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needs Signup and view all the answers

EER refers to _________.

estimated calorie needs for the average person of a specific height, weight, age, gender, and physical activity pattern Signup and view all the answers

Nutrient density can be defined as the amount of ________.

a particular nutrient in a serving of food divided by the number of kilocalories in that serving Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding their nutrient density?

Orange juice is more nutrient dense for vitamin C than apple juice Signup and view all the answers

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend which of the following?

Limit calories from saturated fats and added sugars Signup and view all the answers

The Dietary Guidelines emphasize _________.

Reduction of total calories, sugar-sweetened beverages, saturated fat, and sodium Signup and view all the answers

During a nutritional assessment, what part is described when Jeff recalls what he ate for the past 24 hours?

Dietary assessment Signup and view all the answers

This part of the examination is the _________.

biochemical evaluation Signup and view all the answers

Over time, Kate's kilocalorie consumption could lead to _________.

overnutrition Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior exemplifies the concept of dietary moderation?

Plan to eat something relatively low in fat and sodium for dinner after a high-fat, high-sodium breakfast Signup and view all the answers

By law, which of the following food items must display a nutrition facts label?

Box of granola bars Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not required on a nutrition label?

Taste tests of food items Signup and view all the answers

Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, released in 2008, advise a minimum of ________ minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity for adults.

150 Signup and view all the answers

Two tablespoons (tbsp) of salad dressing, peanut butter, or margarine is about the size of a ________.

golf ball Signup and view all the answers

In order to make healthful and logical nutrition decisions, beware of ________.

testimonials about personal experience Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the healthful diet principle of moderation?

Pay attention to portion size and plan your entire day's diet so that you don't overconsume nutrient sources Signup and view all the answers

The Mediterranean Diet Pyramid patterns dietary data from parts of the Mediterranean region that enjoy ________.

the lowest recorded rates of chronic diseases Signup and view all the answers

According to MyPlate, eggs belong in the ________ group.

Protein Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes nutrient density?

Consume foods that have the most nutrients when compared to their kilocalories Signup and view all the answers

The Dietary Guidelines recommend limiting intake of ________ to less than 10% of calories.

saturated fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

Measurements of height, weight, body circumferences, and body fat are called ________.

anthropometry Signup and view all the answers

The acronym RDA stands for ________.

Recommended Dietary Allowance Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutrients and Their Functions

Vitamins enable chemical processes in the body, critical for various metabolic functions.
Minerals are essential as they become part of the body’s structural systems, supporting overall health.
Carbohydrates do not contain more kilocalories than proteins, they provide energy but are lower in calorie density.
Lipids (fats) supply a concentrated source of fuel for the body, playing a significant role in energy provision.
Fats provide the most energy per gram compared to other macronutrients.
Proteins are the most significant energy source for humans, but their primary roles include growth and repair rather than energy supply.
Plant fats provide greater than 4 kilocalories per gram, indicating their high energy content.

Nutrient Classes and Energy Yield

Water does not provide energy, contrary to misconceptions regarding its role in nutrition.
Alcohol is not classified as an essential nutrient despite its energy-yielding properties.
A kilocalorie measures heat energy, quantifying the amount of energy from food.

Energy and Caloric Content

Bleu cheese dressing containing 23 grams of fat yields 207 kilocalories from fat.
A meal of a cheeseburger, fries, and a shake provides 1,120 kilocalories with specific energy contributions from carbohydrates (48% of total) and protein (13%).

Nutritional Concepts and Guidelines

Freshman 15 describes the typical weight gain experienced during the first year of college, often cited as 15 pounds.
The leading nutrition-related cause of death in the U.S. is heart disease, underscoring the importance of healthy eating.
Essential nutrients must be consumed as they cannot be synthesized by the body.

Dietary Recommendations

Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting calories from saturated fats and added sugars to prevent chronic diseases.
Emphasizing a variety of foods is vital for achieving good nutritional status.
Estimated Energy Requirements (EER) estimate caloric needs based on age, gender, weight, and activity level.

Nutrient Density

Nutrient density refers to the ratio of a nutrient in food relative to its kilocalories, emphasizing that nutrient-rich foods can improve diet quality.
For example, orange juice is more nutrient-dense for vitamin C than apple juice due to its higher vitamin C content relative to calories.

Dietary Assessments and Evaluations

Dietary assessment includes methods like recalling food intake over the past 24 hours to evaluate nutritional status.
Biochemical evaluations provide insights into nutrient deficiencies through blood tests.

Moderation and Balance

The principle of dietary moderation involves adjusting intake based on previous meals to maintain balanced nutrition.
Overnutrition may occur when consuming excess kilocalories beyond energy needs, leading to potential health issues.

MyPlate and Food Labeling

According to MyPlate, eggs fit into the protein food group, emphasizing the role of diverse foods in a balanced diet.
Understand food labeling requirements, including the mandatory display of nutrients that have established RDA values.

Healthful Eating Practices

Nutrient-density guidelines encourage selecting foods that maximize nutrient content relative to calorie count.
Limiting saturated fatty acids to less than 10% of total calories supports cardiovascular health.

Body Measurements

Anthropometry involves body measurements like height, weight, and body fat to assess nutritional status and health.
The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) serves as a benchmark for daily nutrient intake to promote health.

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Description

Test your knowledge and understanding of essential nutrition concepts with these flashcards. From the functions of vitamins and minerals to the characteristics of macronutrients, this quiz covers key elements crucial for a nutrition exam. Perfect for students preparing for their first nutrition test.