34 Questions
What is the energy content of fats compared to carbohydrates or proteins?
2.2 times
What is the consequence of a fat-free diet on the absorption of certain vitamins?
Decreased absorption
What is the role of essential fatty acids in the body?
They are structural components of cell membranes
What is the consequence of a negative nitrogen balance?
Tissue wasting and disease
What percentage of body weight is composed of water in a normal weight adult?
50%-60%
What is the purpose of the amino acid pool in the body?
To synthesize new proteins
What is the main goal of maintaining energy balance in the body?
To achieve a healthy body weight
What is the recommended percentage of carbohydrates in a typical Western diet?
55% of total energy intake
What is the energy derived from protein in the diet?
17 kJ/g
What is the recommended daily intake of protein according to the text?
150 gram
What is the term for the quantities of nutrients required for a healthy population?
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
What is the recommended percentage of fat in the diet according to nutritionists?
30% of total energy intake
What is malnutrition caused by?
LO-6 malabsorption conditions, Coeliac disease, and Crohns disease
What is a common symptom of Marasmus in children?
Diarrhea
What is characteristic of Kwashiorkor in young children?
Generalized edema and hepatomegaly
What constitutes the majority of daily energy expenditure in adults?
Basal metabolic rate
What is associated with a decrease in basal metabolic rate?
Increase in adipose tissue
What is not a recommended method for weight loss?
Total starvation
What is the ideal or desirable body weight associated with?
Lowest mortality
What is Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated as?
Weight in kg divided by square of height in m
What is the unit of measurement for height when calculating BMI?
Meters
Is the formula for calculating BMI different for men and women?
No, the same formula is used for both men and women
What category does an individual fall into if their BMI is under a certain threshold?
Underweight
What is Body Mass Index (BMI) commonly used to estimate?
Ideal body weight
What is the approximate daily energy expenditure for an adult male?
12000 kJ per day
What percentage of daily energy expenditure is attributed to basal metabolic rate?
70%
What is the major factor that contributes to basal metabolic rate?
Skeletal muscle
What is the rough estimation of basal metabolic rate for an adult male?
100 x weight (kg)
What is the effect of increased body weight on basal metabolic rate?
Higher BMR
What is the effect of increased thyroid hormones on basal metabolic rate?
Higher BMR
What is the effect of pregnancy on basal metabolic rate?
Higher BMR
What is the effect of lactation on basal metabolic rate?
Higher BMR
What is the effect of age on basal metabolic rate in the elderly?
Lower BMR
What is the effect of environmental temperature on basal metabolic rate?
Higher BMR
Learn about the different types of nutrients, including macronutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and micronutrients like vitamins and minerals. Understand the importance of energy balance and recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for maintaining overall health.
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