Nutrition and Laboratory Safety Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the diet?

  • Vital for healthy bones
  • Provides a lot of energy (correct)
  • Helps food pass through the digestive system
  • Provides materials to repair tissues

Which food group is vital for making new cells and repairing damaged tissues?

  • Lipids
  • Vitamins
  • Proteins (correct)
  • Fibre

What is the primary role of enzymes in the digestive process?

  • To improve the taste of food
  • To mechanically break down food
  • To chemically break down food molecules (correct)
  • To store nutrients for later use

What is the main role of water in the digestive system?

<p>Facilitates chemical reactions in cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starch?

<p>Amylase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following food groups is primarily supplied by fruit and vegetables?

<p>Fibre (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the body is responsible for moving food with enzymes and acids?

<p>Small intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of vitamins in the human body?

<p>Supporting connective tissue health (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end result of chemical digestion?

<p>Small, soluble food molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme would be most effective in breaking down fats?

<p>Lipase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one important safety practice to follow in the laboratory?

<p>Wear protective goggles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a piece of laboratory apparatus?

<p>Electric mixer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you avoid doing during a practical lab session?

<p>Mucking around (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which safety measure involves careful use of lab tools?

<p>Handle equipment sensitively. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a tripod stand in the lab?

<p>To hold Bunsen burners securely. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must happen for a chemical reaction to occur according to collision theory?

<p>Reactant particles must collide with sufficient energy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the surface area of a solid typically affect the reaction rate?

<p>It increases the reaction rate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

<p>The color of the reactants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the independent variable changed in the experiment?

<p>The temperature of the reactants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was measured as the dependent variable in this experiment?

<p>The time taken for the reaction to occur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a teacher demonstration with sodium thiosulfate, what is being measured to determine the reaction speed?

<p>The time it takes for the solution to become opaque. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

<p>To increase the reaction rate without being consumed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the experiment ensure it was a fair test?

<p>Keeping the same volume and concentration of reactants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a method to improve the reliability of the experiment's results?

<p>Repeating the experiment to find anomalies and calculate an average (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the conclusion about the effect of temperature on reaction rates?

<p>Increasing temperature increases the reaction rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of malnutrition?

<p>An unbalanced diet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient deficiency is associated with rickets?

<p>Vitamin D (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is often caused by a deficiency of iron?

<p>Anemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating BMI?

<p>Weight in kg divided by the square of height in m (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is linked to inadequate calcium intake?

<p>Osteoporosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color indicates the presence of a large amount of sugar in food tests?

<p>Red (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body is responsible for producing bile?

<p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is used to move food from the esophagus to the stomach?

<p>Peristalsis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is NOT produced by the pancreas?

<p>Bile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color change occurs when starch is present in a food test?

<p>Blue-black (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating average speed?

<p>Average speed = total distance / total time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure average speed?

<p>Meters per second (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a vehicle travels a distance of 6000 meters in 400 seconds, what is its average speed?

<p>15 ms-1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?

<p>Object is stopped or stationary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the total stopping distance of a vehicle calculated?

<p>Total stopping distance = thinking distance + breaking distance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate speed?

<p>Speed = Distance ÷ Time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is essential for hydration in the body?

<p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between total stopping distance and other distances?

<p>Total Stopping Distance = Thinking Distance + Breaking Distance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient is primarily responsible for providing energy?

<p>Carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is important for making bones and tissues healthy?

<p>Vitamin D (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in temperature affect the rate of reaction?

<p>Particles move faster and collide more frequently (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of adding a metal to an acid?

<p>Formation of salt and hydrogen gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes what happens to acid concentration and reaction rate?

<p>Higher concentration causes a rapid increase in reaction rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the particles in a chemical reaction when a catalyst is used?

<p>They require less energy to collide and react (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Independent Variable

The variable that is changed by the experimenter in an experiment.

Dependent Variable

The variable being measured in an experiment; the result or output.

Fair Test

An experiment where only one variable is changed at a time, keeping others constant.

Reliable Results

Results that are consistent and accurate.

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Rate of Reaction

How fast a chemical reaction occurs.

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Collision Theory

Reactant particles must collide with enough energy to react.

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Surface Area (reaction)

The exposed area of a solid reactant.

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Catalyst (reaction)

A substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed.

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Reaction Rate

How quickly a chemical reaction proceeds.

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Temperature Effect (reaction)

Temperature affects the rate of a reaction.

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Carbohydrates function

Provide energy for the body

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Protein's role

Builds and repairs body tissues

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Function of Vitamins

Essential for health and bodily functions

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Fiber's job

Helps food move through the digestive system.

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Importance of Water

Essential for chemical reactions in the body

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Small Intestine

The part of the digestive system where most digestion and absorption of nutrients occurs.

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Chemical Digestion

The process where enzymes break down large food molecules into smaller molecules that can enter the bloodstream.

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Amylase

An enzyme that breaks down starch into sugar.

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Protease

An enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids.

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Lipase

An enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

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Laboratory Safety

A set of rules to ensure a safe and controlled environment during experiments.

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Bunsen Burner

A common lab tool generating a hot flame for heating substances.

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Tripod Stand

A stable base supporting a flask or beaker during heating.

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Conical Flask

A flask with a wide base and a narrow neck, used for mixing and heating liquids.

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Beaker

A cylindrical container with a lip for pouring, used for mixing and holding liquids.

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Malnutrition

An imbalance in your diet causing problems like insufficient nutrients, weight issues, and health risks.

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Vitamin D Deficiency

Lack of vitamin D can lead to weak bones, bowed legs, and a condition called Rickets.

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Iron Deficiency

Not enough iron in your diet can cause anemia, leading to tiredness and a lack of energy.

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BMI

A measure of body fat based on weight and height.

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Calcium Deficiency

A lack of calcium leads to weak bones and osteoporosis, making bones more prone to fracture.

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Mouth function

The mouth is used for chewing and digesting both solid and liquid foods. It also produces saliva, which aids in digestion.

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Saliva's role

Saliva helps break down food in the mouth, making it easier to swallow and digest.

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Liver function

The liver is responsible for producing bile, which helps break down fats. It also neutralizes acids in the body.

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Esophagus function

The esophagus connects the mouth to the stomach. Muscles in its walls help push food down using a process called peristalsis.

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Pancreas function

The pancreas produces enzymes that are essential for digestion. These enzymes include amylase, which breaks down carbohydrates, and lipase, which breaks down fats.

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Distance

The total length covered during a journey or movement. It is calculated by multiplying speed and time.

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Speed

The rate at which an object moves over a certain distance. It is calculated by dividing distance by time.

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Total Stopping Distance

The overall distance a vehicle travels from the moment a driver recognizes a hazard to when the vehicle comes to a complete stop.

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Carbohydrates

A type of nutrient that provides your body with energy. Found in foods like bread, rice, and potatoes.

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Average Speed Equation

Average speed is calculated by dividing the total distance traveled by the total time taken.

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Units for Speed

Speed is measured in units like meters per second (ms-1), kilometers per hour (kmh-1), or miles per hour (mh-1).

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Distance-Time Graph: Horizontal Line

A horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicates that the object is stationary or at rest.

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Distance-Time Graph: Straight, Sloped Line

A straight, sloped line on a distance-time graph means the object is moving at a constant speed.

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Temperature's effect on reaction rate

Higher temperature increases the speed at which a reaction occurs because particles move faster, collide more frequently, and with greater energy, increasing the chance of successful collisions.

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Concentration's impact on reactions

A higher concentration of reactants means more particles are present, leading to more frequent collisions and a faster reaction rate.

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What are catalysts?

Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. They achieve this by lowering the activation energy needed for reactions to occur.

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Activation Energy & Catalysts

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for reactants to collide and react. Catalysts work by lowering this activation energy, making reactions happen more easily.

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What is a successful collision?

A successful collision in a chemical reaction occurs when reacting particles collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation for chemical bonds to break and form.

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Study Notes

Rates of Reaction - Exam Questions

  • Conclusion - As the temperature increases, the rate of reaction also does.
  • What was the independent variable that was changed in the experiment?
    • The temperature of the reaction (water)
  • What was the time taken for the dependent variable that was changed?
    • The time taken for the reaction to happen.
  • How was this a fair test?
    • We used the same volume and concentration.
  • What would you do to make sure your results are reliable?
    • Repeat to find anomalies and find an average.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the essential functions of carbohydrates, enzymes, vitamins, and water in nutrition, along with crucial laboratory safety practices. This quiz covers key concepts that everyone should know in the fields of health science and laboratory work.

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