NUTR 3362 Ch.6: Fats and Lipids Flashcards

Questions and Answers

A lipid found only in foods that contain animal products is ________.

cholesterol

Excess body fat around the abdomen is associated with:

elevated HDL cholesterol

reduced chylomicrons

elevated LDL cholesterol (correct)

elevated triglycerides (correct)

A condition that is characterized by abnormally high blood pressure levels and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease is called:

embolism

myocardial infarction

hypertension (correct)

Pair the type of fatty acid with its associated shape of the carbon chain:

Cis fatty acid = Causes the carbon chain to bend Trans fatty acid = Allows the carbon chain to remain straighter Signup and view all the answers

By reading the Nutrition Facts panel, you can determine how much ________ are in most packaged foods.

total fat Signup and view all the answers

Alcohol will contribute to ________ because it causes a person to lose fluid.

dehydration Signup and view all the answers

is a digestive enzyme that removes two fatty acids from each triglyceride molecule.

pancreatic lipase Signup and view all the answers

A ________ is a fixed bunch of clots that remains in place and disrupts blood flow.

thrombus Signup and view all the answers

Which form of unsaturated fatty acid contains a chemical structure similar to that of saturated fatty acids?

trans Signup and view all the answers

The most common forms of cardiovascular disease in the US include (check all that apply):

stroke Signup and view all the answers

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that adults should keep daily fat intake:

between 20 and 35% of total calories Signup and view all the answers

Fats and cholesterol are ________, a class of nutrients.

lipids Signup and view all the answers

Alcohol:

suppresses the production of ADH by the pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

Phospholipids contain both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions, which attract and repel water.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match descriptions to the correct term:

thrombus = a fixed bunch of clots that remains in place and disrupts blood flow embolus = a blood clot or plaque particle that breaks free from where it formed and travels through the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

How many Kilocalories are in one gram of fat?

9 Signup and view all the answers

What information can be found on a Nutrition Facts panel (check all that apply)?

total fat Signup and view all the answers

________ is the long-term process in which plaques build up inside arterial walls.

atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Dietary fats often consist of different types of fatty acids.

True Signup and view all the answers

Fats are not soluble in ________.

water Signup and view all the answers

Non-modifiable risk factors for CVD include (check all that apply):

increasing age Signup and view all the answers

What are the structural components of a triglyceride (check all that apply)?

glycerol backbone Signup and view all the answers

Name the class of nutrients that consists of triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols.

lipids Signup and view all the answers

________ is a hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile and the pancreas to release digestive enzymes.

cholecystokinin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lipids Overview

Cholesterol is a lipid exclusive to animal products.
Class of nutrients including fats and cholesterol is called lipids.
Fats yield 9 kilocalories per gram.

Body Fat and Cardiovascular Health

Excess abdominal fat correlates with elevated LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.
Hypertension is characterized by abnormally high blood pressure and poses a major cardiovascular disease risk.
Non-modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) include family history and increasing age.

Fatty Acids

Cis fatty acids cause carbon chains to bend; trans fatty acids keep the chain straighter.
Dietary fats typically consist of different types of fatty acids.

Nutrition and Dietary Guidelines

Dietary Guidelines recommend that adults keep fat intake between 20% and 35% of total calories.
Nutrition Facts panels disclose amounts of cholesterol, total fat, trans fat, and saturated fat.

Digestive Processes and Enzymes

Pancreatic lipase is the enzyme that removes two fatty acids from triglycerides.
Cholecystokinin stimulates bile release from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.

Cardiovascular Conditions and Terms

A thrombus is a fixed blood clot disrupting blood flow; an embolus travels through the bloodstream after breaking free.
Atherosclerosis refers to the long-term buildup of plaques inside arterial walls.
Common forms of CVD in the US include stroke and coronary artery disease.

Alcohol and Hydration

Alcohol suppresses the production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), causing increased urine excretion and dehydration.

Triglyceride Structure

A triglyceride is composed of three attached fatty acids and a glycerol backbone.

Phospholipids

Phospholipids contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions, making them unique in water interaction.

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Description

Test your knowledge of fats and lipids with these flashcards from NUTR 3362 Chapter 6. Each card covers key terms, definitions, and important health implications related to dietary fats. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their learning on this essential topic.