Nursing Theories and Roles Quiz
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Questions and Answers

According to Orem’s theory, what is the focus of examining patients' abilities?

  • Caring for both physical and spiritual dimensions
  • Performing self-care (correct)
  • Becoming an expert nurse
  • Adapting to change

In Roy's Theory, what important role does the nurse play in helping patients?

  • Become expert nurses
  • Perform self-care
  • Adapt to change (correct)
  • Focus on holistic care

According to Benner’s Theory, what does the theory describe?

  • Moving from novice to expert nurses (correct)
  • Examining patients' abilities
  • Focusing on holistic care
  • Helping patients adapt to change

What does Watson's Theory of Human Caring focus on?

<p>Caring for physical and spiritual dimensions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does Florence Nightingale's model of nursing focus on?

<p>Addressing holistic patient needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between health promotion and health maintenance?

<p>Health promotion involves education without any risk present (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Health Promotion in the Framework for Maternal and Child Health?

<p>Teaching women the importance of rubella immunization before pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of Health care focuses on maintaining health when the risk of illness is present?

<p>Health Maintenance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of Health care is conscientious assessment used to identify symptoms of illness and implement interventions?

<p>Health Restoration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of Health Rehabilitation in the Framework for Maternal and Child Health?

<p>Achieving optimal wellness and independence in patients with residual effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example given for Health Maintenance in the Framework for Maternal and Child Health?

<p>Teaching parents about childproofing against poisoning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of Health care involves educating parents and children through teaching and role modeling?

<p>Health Promotion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Madeleine Leininger's theory?

<p>Balancing caring and curing in patient care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Erikson's stages of development differ from traditional age assessment?

<p>It emphasizes developmental stage over chronological age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a Nurse as a Care Provider?

<p>Providing direct patient-centered care to individuals and families (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what capacity does a Nurse act as a Collaborator?

<p>By consulting with other healthcare professionals for patient care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main responsibility of a Nurse as a Teacher?

<p>Educating patients on prenatal care and wellness practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a Nurse act as a Researcher in the healthcare setting?

<p>Applying research findings to improve patient care practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Fertility Rate measure?

<p>Number of pregnancies per 1000 women (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Neonatal Death Rate measure?

<p>Number of deaths per 1000 live births occurring within the first 28 days of life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of Informatics Nurses?

<p>Supporting decision making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Maternal and child patients according to the text?

<p>Lead to unique and diverse patients due to varying factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What change in healthcare concern is mentioned in the text?

<p>Increasing concern for quality of life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do Women having children present unique challenges in healthcare according to the text?

<p>They range in age from early teens to older women (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason why individuals and families have recently taken increased responsibility for their own health?

<p>Influence of market-driven care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is documentation considered essential in nursing practice?

<p>To justify actions taken (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the text, what is the role of standards of care for nurses?

<p>To provide guidelines for safe and competent care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is practicing safe and competent care essential for the safety of the mother and fetus?

<p>To maintain the safety of both the mother and fetus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern raised in the critical thinking care study about Tommy's situation?

<p>Tommy's allergy to cleaning products at school (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can nurses assist in helping Tommy get back to school and his mother start prenatal care based on the text?

<p>Provide guidance on managing Tommy's asthma triggers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome does a person attempt to adapt to stress using the physiological responses initiated in the alarm reaction stage?

<p>Stage of resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following biological responses is associated with the sustained phase of the fight-or-flight response?

<p>Increased gluconeogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the state manifested by a specific syndrome consisting of all nonspecifically induced changes within a biologic system according to Hans Selye?

<p>General adaptation syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a physiological symptom associated with the fight-or-flight response?

<p>Decrease in secretion of sex hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by the depletion of adaptive energy and the possibility of diseases of adaptation?

<p>Stage of exhaustion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an immediate response associated with the fight-or-flight biological responses?

<p>Release of norepinephrine and epinephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological responses are generally associated with the 'fight-or-flight syndrome'?

<p>Increase in heart rate and respirations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for the immediate response of increased force of cardiac contraction?

<p>Vasopressin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does sustained stress have on glucose levels and blood pressure according to the text?

<p>Increase in serum glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sustained physical response to stress mentioned in the text?

<p>Increased immune responses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does vasopressin play in the physiological response to stress?

<p>Fluid retention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone contributes to the increased basal metabolic rate during stress according to the text?

<p>Growth hormone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do pupils react during the 'fight-or-flight syndrome'?

<p>Dilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of gonadotropins in the sustained physical responses to stress?

<p>Increased libido (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key concept identified by Maslow in his 'hierarchy of needs'?

<p>Self-actualization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is mental health defined in the text?

<p>Adapting successfully to stressors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of Maslow's hierarchy of needs emphasizes safety and security?

<p>Love/belonging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow, which need comes after fulfilling physiological and safety needs?

<p>Love/belonging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does successful adaptation to stressors manifest in mental health according to the text?

<p>Demonstrating thoughts, feelings, and behaviors congruent with cultural norms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of Maslow's hierarchy focuses on respect, self-esteem, and recognition?

<p>Love/belonging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Maslow's hierarchy, which level represents meeting basic physical needs like air, food, water, and sleep?

<p>Physiological (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of self-actualization according to Maslow's hierarchy?

<p>Fulfilling one's highest potential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common characteristic of individuals with psychoses?

<p>Full awareness of their maladaptive behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the subjective state associated with responses to the loss of a valued entity called?

<p>Grief (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of grief involves attempting to make deals to avoid the reality of the loss?

<p>Bargaining (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the period of grief-related emotions and behaviors?

<p>Mourning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is NOT mentioned as an example of psychotic disorders in the text?

<p>Bipolar disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may maladaptive responses to grief lead to, according to the text?

<p>Risk for suicide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes individuals experiencing grief?

<p>Feelings of sadness and despair (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one’s own unacceptable feelings onto another person?

<p>Projection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what level of anxiety, according to the text, are ego defense mechanisms employed for protection?

<p>Moderate anxiety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which coping mechanism involves substituting a less threatening object for the real object of one’s feelings?

<p>Displacement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of ego defense mechanisms, which one involves justifying one’s behaviors by using socially acceptable reasons?

<p>Rationalization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is NOT listed as a coping mechanism for dealing with stress?

<p>Meditating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client always tries to fix every problem they encounter by taking on more tasks at work. Which ego defense mechanism is this client most likely using?

<p>Compensation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which defense mechanism involves reverting to an earlier, more childlike level of functioning that was effective at an earlier age?

<p>Regression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ego defense mechanism involves attributing unacceptable qualities of oneself to others?

<p>Projection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between psychosocial stress and adaptation to stressors?

<p>Psychosocial stress can lead to increased susceptibility to diseases of adaptation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of mild anxiety according to the text?

<p>It provides motivation for survival. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Peplau’s Four Levels of Anxiety, what is a common outcome of experiencing mild anxiety?

<p>Heightened awareness of the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe the feeling of anxiety experienced by individuals?

<p>Often without a clear source but with feelings of uncertainty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the fight-or-flight response according to the text?

<p>To maintain homeostasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes modern stress from that experienced by our ancestors?

<p>Modern stress is described as pervasive, chronic, and relentless. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of Selye's general adaptation syndrome involves the depletion of adaptive energy and may lead to diseases of adaptation?

<p>Stage of exhaustion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the immediate biological responses associated with the fight-or-flight response?

<p>Release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, increased respiration rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of Selye's general adaptation syndrome does a person attempt to adapt to stress using the physiological responses initiated in the alarm reaction stage?

<p>Stage of resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone contributes to the increased basal metabolic rate during stress according to the text?

<p>Epinephrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the sustained responses during the fight-or-flight response?

<p>Increased basal metabolic rate, decreased sex hormone secretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the immediate responses during the fight-or-flight response that include an increase in heart rate and respiration?

<p>Alarm reaction stage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one’s own intentions onto another person?

<p>Projection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client refuses to acknowledge that their recent weight gain is due to poor eating habits. Which ego defense mechanism is the client exhibiting?

<p>Denial (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of ego defense mechanisms, which one involves shifting feelings about an unacceptable object to a more acceptable substitute?

<p>Displacement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which defense mechanism involves justifying a behavior by using socially acceptable reasons rather than addressing the real motivation?

<p>Rationalization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client expresses excessive concern for another patient in the hospital while ignoring their own significant health issues. Which ego defense mechanism could this represent?

<p>Introjection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which coping mechanism involves returning to an earlier stage of development when faced with stress?

<p>Regression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common characteristic of individuals experiencing grief according to the text?

<p>Show a flight from reality into a less stressful world (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between the mourning process and clinical depression according to the text?

<p>Mourning can lead to clinical depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of individuals with psychoses, why might they exhibit a flight from reality into a less stressful world?

<p>To escape into a more manageable reality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological disorders can prolonged unresolved moderate to severe anxiety contribute to?

<p>Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neoplastic, neurological, and pulmonary conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes grief from clinical depression according to the text?

<p>Grief can lead to clinical depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of individuals with neuroses?

<p>They are aware that their behaviors are maladaptive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is prolonged grief considered maladaptive according to the text?

<p>It may result in clinical depression or other mental illness symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a psychiatric disturbance characterized by excessive anxiety expressed directly or altered through defense mechanisms?

<p>Neurosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Extended periods of functioning at the panic level of anxiety may lead to what condition according to the text?

<p>Psychosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can grieving individuals differ from those experiencing psychoses in terms of awareness, as explained in the text?

<p>Grieving individuals are aware of their psychological problems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with neuroses are aware of their distress but are often unaware of what according to the text?

<p>Psychological causes of their distress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a neurosis according to the text?

<p>Impairs a person's functioning but does not lead to gross distortion of reality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern during the emergent (resuscitative) phase of burn management?

<p>Hypovolemic shock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the emergent (resuscitative) phase of burn management end?

<p>When fluid mobilization and diuresis begin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the greatest threat during the emergent phase of burn management according to the text?

<p>Hypovolemic shock (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what point can hypovolemic shock begin postburn?

<p>20 minutes postburn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the total body surface area affected calculated for burn patients?

<p>By using the Lund-Browder chart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the emergent (resuscitative) phase in burn management?

<p>Resolving immediate problems resulting from injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main concerns during the emergent (resuscitative) phase of burn management?

<p>Hypovolemic shock and edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines the severity of an electrical burn injury?

<p>Length of time the current was sustained (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes hypovolemic shock during the emergent phase of burn management?

<p>Fluid shifts out of blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of current passing through vital organs can lead to more life-threatening sequelae?

<p>Direct current (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can electrical current cause that is strong enough to fracture long bones and vertebrae?

<p>Muscle spasms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication faced by patients with electrical burns that involves myoglobinuria?

<p>Renal damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can determining the severity of an electrical burn injury be challenging?

<p>Because most damage occurs below the skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can electric sparks from an electrical burn injury contribute to additional harm?

<p>By igniting the patient's clothing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor related to electric shocks can contribute to fractures in long bones and vertebrae?

<p>Muscle spasms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of myoglobin from injured muscle traveling to the kidneys?

<p>Acute kidney injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of intravascular volume depletion in the severely burned patient during the emergent phase pathophysiology?

<p>Increased insensible losses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the net result of fluid shift lead to intravascular volume depletion in the emergent phase of burn pathophysiology?

<p>Decreased blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of burn injuries, why does potassium (K+) shift develop first during the emergent phase?

<p>RBC hemolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the high hematocrit caused by hemoconcentration in the emergent phase of burn pathophysiology?

<p>RBC hemolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does sodium (Na+) rapidly move to interstitial spaces and stay there during the emergent phase pathophysiology?

<p>Edema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of burn injuries leads to thrombosis in capillaries of burned tissue during the emergent phase?

<p>RBC hemolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do circulating factors released at the time of burn contribute to RBC hemolysis in the emergent phase pathophysiology?

<p>Direct insult of burn injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor leads to the development of facial edema before and after fluid resuscitation?

<p>Fluid and electrolyte shifts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible emotional need of burn survivors, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Guilt and fear of dying (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In gerontologic considerations, which aspect of aging puts patients at risk for injury?

<p>Decreased hearing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action may indicate adverse effects on self-esteem in a patient, as per the text?

<p>Avoiding eye contact (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common emotional response of patients recovering from a burn injury, based on the text?

<p>Guilt and fear of dying (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are spirituality and cultural needs highlighted in the emotional care of patients, according to the text?

<p>To address the patient's overall well-being (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a burn survivor express concerns about returning to work, based on the text?

<p>Feeling of guilt and frustration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can unmet emotional needs influence a patient's recovery journey?

<p>Increases the likelihood of relapse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using cultured epithelial autografts in skin grafting for full-thickness burns?

<p>To grow small specimens of the patient’s skin into sheets for permanent skin coverage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cultured epithelial autographs (CEAs) from other types of skin grafts mentioned in the text?

<p>They involve growing the patient's skin into sheets for coverage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are cultured epithelial autografts (CEAs) different from split-thickness skin grafts?

<p>CEAs are grown from the patient's own small skin specimens into sheets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using cultured epithelial autografts (CEAs) in patients with large body surface burns?

<p>It allows for permanent skin coverage with limited available skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which prevention strategy is most effective in teaching home fire safety?

<p>Encourage regular home fire exit drills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of burn is least likely to result in a full-thickness burn?

<p>Sunburn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a partial-thickness burn?

<p>Intact nerve endings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take next when assessing a patient with decreased breath sounds?

<p>Obtain vital signs, oxygen saturation, and a STAT arterial blood gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the early emergent phase of a burn injury?

<p>Movement of sodium and water into the interstitial space (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a priority concern when caring for an older adult who has been burned?

<p>Allowing them to cook unattended (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of maintaining a positive nitrogen balance in a major burn patient?

<p>To promote wound healing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority intervention for wound care in a patient with a 25% TBSA burn?

<p>Observing the wound for signs of infection during dressing changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective way to prevent hypertrophic scarring during the rehabilitation phase of burn recovery?

<p>Applying pressure garments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first action the nurse should take when meeting with a patient who is recovering from second- and third-degree burns over 30% of their body?

<p>Review the patient's current health care status and readiness for discharge to home (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of effective pain management in burn patients?

<p>Using a pain rating tool to monitor the patient's level of pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet in a major burn patient?

<p>To promote wound healing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Orem's Self-Care Focus

Examining patients' abilities to perform self-care activities.

Roy's Nurse Role

Helping patients adapt to changes or stressors in their environment.

Benner's Theory

Describes the progression from novice to expert nursing skills.

Watson's Theory Focus

Caring for physical and spiritual dimensions of patients.

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Nightingale's Model

Addressing the holistic needs of the patient.

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Health Promotion vs. Health Maintenance

Health promotion is education without the risk of illness, while maintenance addresses health when risk is present.

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Maternal/Child Immunization

Teaching women the importance of rubella vaccination before pregnancy.

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Health Maintenance

Maintaining health when risk of illness is present.

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Health Restoration

Assessing and treating symptoms of illness and restoring health.

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Health Rehabilitation

Promoting optimal wellness and independence in patients with residual effects.

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Non-example of Health Maintenance

Teaching parents about childproofing against poisoning (this belongs in health promotion).

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Health Promotion (Teaching)

Educating parents and children through teaching and role modeling.

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Leininger's Theory Focus

Balancing care and curing in patient care.

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Erikson's Development

Emphasizes developmental stage over chronological age.

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Nurse as Care Provider

Direct patient-centered care to individuals and families.

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Nurse as Collaborator

Consulting with other healthcare professionals for patient care.

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Nurse as Teacher

Educating patients on prenatal care and wellness practices.

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Nurse as Researcher

Applying research findings to improve patient care.

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Fertility Rate

Number of pregnancies per 1000 women.

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Neonatal Death Rate

Number of deaths per 1000 live births in the first 28 days of life.

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Informatics Nurses

Supporting healthcare decision-making through technology.

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Maternal/Child Patients

Unique and diverse patients due to varying factors.

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Quality of Life Concern

Increasing awareness of patient quality of life.

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Women's Healthcare Challenges

Women present healthcare challenges due to age and other factors.

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Self-Responsibility Increase

Individuals and families taking more responsibility for health.

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Documentation Importance

Justifying nursing actions through thorough documentation.

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Standards of Care

Guidelines for safe and competent nursing care.

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Mother/Fetus Safety

Safe and competent care to maintain the safety of both.

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Tommy's Care Concern

Concern about Tommy's allergy to cleaning products at school

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Nurses' Assistance

Guidance on managing Tommy's asthma triggers to return to school and prenatal care.

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