Nursing Theories and Models Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the CORE component of Hall's model refer to?

Hands-on bodily care

Teaching patients about their health

Medical interventions performed on the patient

Using the self in relationship to the patient (correct)

Which of the following best describes Hall's view on professional nursing care?

It is adequate for all patient types

It is essential for hastening patient recovery (correct)

It should only focus on physical health

It is less important than medical care

What is emphasized as the source of energy and motivation for healing according to Hall's metaparadigm?

The family support system

The medical community

The individual care recipient (correct)

The healthcare provider

How does Hall define health?

A state of self-awareness and optimal behaviors Signup and view all the answers

In Hall's model, what does the CARE component consist of?

Exclusive domain of nursing Signup and view all the answers

Who does Hall believe should provide care to patients?

Professional nurses Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of nursing actions in a hospital environment during acute illness, according to Hall?

Addressing the individual patient's personal goals Signup and view all the answers

What phase of healthcare does Hall's model primarily address?

Rehabilitation phase Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential challenge when implementing Lewin's Change Model?

Lack of leadership support Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way Lewin’s Change Model can be implemented?

Changing employee job titles Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Development theory, what happens if a stage is not successfully completed?

The individual may face difficulties in achieving later stages Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of moral development does Kohlberg highlight in his theory?

Individuals progress through fixed stages in a set order Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes Maslow’s Human Needs Theory?

It prioritizes self-actualization as the highest need Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is considered a basic virtue according to Erikson's theory?

Trust Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following stages is classified under Kohlberg's pre-conventional moral reasoning?

Obedience and punishment orientation Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by the phrase that Erikson's theory is a 'tool to think with'?

It is intended for practical applications in child-rearing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Levine's Conservation Model?

To promote adaptation and maintain wholeness Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of adaptive change according to Levine's model?

Variability Signup and view all the answers

Which of these principles is essential to achieve conservation in nursing practice?

Balancing nursing interventions with patient participation Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'wholeness' refer to in the context of Levine's model?

Interactions and adaptations ensuring individual integrity Signup and view all the answers

How does Levine define adaptation?

Frugal use of resources in response to environmental challenges Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'metaparadigm person' in Levine's framework?

A holistic being striving for integrity within a social context Signup and view all the answers

Which of these concepts is NOT considered a major component of Levine's Conservation Model?

Independence Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as a critical part of patient care in nursing according to the metaparadigm?

Active participation of the patient in their care Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of LOCSIN's model in nursing?

The harmonious coexistence between technology and caring in nursing Signup and view all the answers

What significant achievement is associated with Rossano C. Locsin?

Creating the first Masters program in Uganda Signup and view all the answers

What does Carmelita Divinagracia emphasize in nursing interventions?

Humane and spiritually oriented interventions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of Divinagracia's metaparadigm?

Technology Signup and view all the answers

What role does technology play according to LOCSIN's conceptual model?

It enhances understanding of patients as individuals Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that influences a patient's wellness outcome according to Divinagracia?

The socio-demographic characteristics of the individual Signup and view all the answers

What educational background does Rossano C. Locsin possess?

Master's and doctoral degrees in nursing Signup and view all the answers

How does LOCSIN view the relationship between technology and patient care?

Technology is essential for effective nurse-patient interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of COMPOSURE behaviors in nursing?

To ensure high-quality nursing care through understanding and empathy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes physiologic wellness outcomes?

The perceived wellness in terms of vital signs and bodily sensations Signup and view all the answers

Which domain includes the ability to cope with, and control one's emotions?

Emotional domain Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of wellness is primarily addressed by the spiritual domain?

Personal relationships with others and self-development Signup and view all the answers

What defines emotional wellness?

The ability to cope with daily circumstances positively and constructively Signup and view all the answers

How are biobehavioral wellness outcomes characterized?

By physical, intellectual, emotional, and spiritual aspects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of professional nursing according to the organizing principle?

Finding and meeting the patient’s immediate needs for help Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant outcome of patient wellness after receiving nursing care?

Perceived improvements in various aspects of health Signup and view all the answers

What kind of exercise does relaxation entail?

Alternate tension and relaxation of selected muscle groups Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'presenting behavior' refer to in a nursing context?

The cry for help represented by the patient's condition Signup and view all the answers

How does the patient’s immediate reaction influence the nurse-patient relationship?

It shapes the communication effectiveness between nurse and patient Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect of the nursing process discipline during patient interaction?

Engaging in a process of exploration to validate reactions with the patient Signup and view all the answers

What signifies the resolution in the nursing process?

The effectiveness of nurse's activity in assisting the patient Signup and view all the answers

What does Orlando emphasize about nursing in relation to individuals in distress?

Nursing is reactive and concerned with immediate patient experiences Signup and view all the answers

What role does automatic thought play in a patient's immediate reaction?

It initiates a cycle of feelings that influence patient behavior Signup and view all the answers

How should the nurse approach their initial reactions to a patient's needs?

Verify the appropriateness of reactions through exploration with the patient Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sullivan's Transactional Analysis

Definition: A method for understanding people's behavior by analyzing interactions.
Purpose: A social psychology method to improve communication, highlighting the philosophy that people can change and deserve acceptance.
Personification: Tools to understand self and the world.
- Mechanism to combat anxiety (but can also cause it).
- Types:
  - Good Me: Aspects people like about themselves.
  - Bad Me: Aspects people dislike.
  - Not Me: Unconscious feelings.

Lewin's Change Theory

Model: Restraining forces influence organizational and individual behavior, deciding the fate of change. Driving forces motivate employees towards the new state.
Stages:
- Unfreeze: Preparing for change, managing perceptions, creating urgency. Effective communication is critical.
- Change: Implementing the desired change. An iterative, flexible approach that incorporates feedback is crucial.
- Refreeze: Solidifying the change, reinforcing the new norms, and making it permanent.
Implementation: Balancing driving and restraining forces through communication and employee involvement, training, and stress management.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Theory: Individuals strive to fulfill five categories of needs: physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.
Progression: Higher needs emerge only after lower needs are sufficiently met.
Impact: While not fully supported by all research, Maslow's work has significantly impacted positive psychology.

Von Bertalanffy's General Systems Theory

Definition: A systems theory that focuses on the interaction between objects or elements within a system or how a system relates to its surroundings.
Properties: A system is more than the sum of its parts, because the relationships within the system create unique properties. Systems are also arranged hierarchically.
Application: This theory is a transdisciplinary study of how systems organize phenomena across various scales. Applicable to analyzing and thinking about organizations.

Erikson's Psychosocial Development

Theory: Successful completion of each psychosocial stage results in a healthy personality and the acquisition of "basic virtues." Failure to complete a stage may (but does not always) lead to challenges in future stages.
Stages: Key stages are described, like Trust vs. Mistrust, Identity vs. Confusion and others.
Implications: The theory is useful for understanding human development over the lifespan as progressing through each stage is important for personality development.

Kohlberg's Moral Development

Theory: Individuals progress through stages of moral reasoning from infancy to adulthood.
Stages: Pre-conventional (self interest based), conventional (social rules based), post-conventional (based on personal morals).
Implication: Moral understanding develops in stages, linked to cognitive growth.

Orlando's Deliberative Nursing Process Theory

Focus: Meeting a patient's immediate need for help in an interactive, disciplined fashion.
Process: The nurse engages in a "deliberative" process, utilizing assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation steps to understand factors that trigger the patient's need for help.
Metaparadigm: Focuses on the individual human in need of assistance in an immediate situation.

Hall's Care, Core, Cure Theory

Focus: Three interconnected domains of care.
- Care: Direct, hands-on bodily care.
- Core: Using the self in a relationship.
- Cure: Medical interventions.
Application: Explores the integration of patient experiences, medical interventions, and therapeutic self-use of the nurse.

Levine's Conservation Model

Concepts: Conservation of energy, structural integrity, social integrity, and personal integrity.
Theory: Focuses on how individuals adapt to the environment to maintain wholeness and balance.
Application: Nursing actions that maintain or restore physical, mental, and social balance.

Pender's Health Promotion Model

Key elements: Perceived benefits (advantages of taking action), perceived barriers (hindrances), self-efficacy, interpersonal influences, situational influences, competing demands of action, personal factors (e.g., beliefs, skills).
Application: Applying the model helps to understand actions focused on increasing/improving health and promoting wellbeing.
Theoretical Assumptions: Individuals are active participants in their own health processes, making decisions considering their situation and factors around them.

(Additional) Local Conceptual Models (from the text)

(Specific details from Kuan's, Abaquin's, Divinagracia’s, and Agravante’s theories in the context of the Philippines) are included in the text, categorized by theorist.

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Description

Test your understanding of key nursing theories, focusing on Hall's model, Lewin's Change Model, Erikson's stages of development, and Maslow's theory of human needs. This quiz will help reinforce essential concepts in professional nursing care and moral development. Ideal for nursing students and professionals seeking to deepen their knowledge.