Nursing Theories and Concepts

The theory that emphasizes the value of human relationships and caring in nursing practice.

Outcomes of nursing care are best described in subjective and descriptive terms, reflecting the unique value of each individual.

Characteristics like unity, wholeness, awareness, and intention are key aspects of a person's being, according to the Theory of Nursing as Caring.

The theory emphasizes the unique experience of each person and how nursing can enhance their wellbeing.

This theory was developed by Anne Boykin, PhD, who explored caring as a fundamental field within nursing.

A fundamental, unifying property of all existence, highlighting the presence of diversity within a shared whole.

A distinctive and consistent arrangement of qualities or features that characterizes an individual.

Characteristics of patterns include dynamic movement, variety of components, and a recurring rhythm.

The ability to interact and respond to an environment, alongside the capacity to process information.

The role of forming connections with clients and recognizing patterns in their lives, while also providing care.

The idea that people's unique characteristics and experiences influence how they act and make decisions.

This model focuses on promoting healthy behaviors and actions.

The knowledge and understanding a person has about a specific behavior and its consequences.

The positive or negative feelings a person experiences before, during, and after engaging in a specific behavior.

The belief in one's ability to successfully perform a specific behavior.

The social norms, beliefs, and attitudes of the people around us that influence our behavior.

The desired outcome of the Health Promotion Model, characterized by positive actions that improve well-being.

This model recognizes that nursing actions can modify and influence the factors that lead to health-promoting behaviors.

Transcultural Nursing Theory acknowledges that cultural factors influence how people experience health and illness, and how they respond to care. It aims to provide culturally congruent care, respecting individual beliefs and practices.

Madeleine Leininger, a nurse, developed the Transcultural Nursing Theory, also known as Culture Care Theory, by observing the diverse needs of patients and the lack of cultural competency in nursing practice.

The theory emphasizes the importance of understanding and respecting the cultural values, beliefs, and practices of patients to provide culturally appropriate care.

This theory highlights the role of human beings as caring and compassionate individuals, capable of understanding and responding to the needs of others. It emphasizes the need for nurses to extend care beyond individuals to families, communities, and institutions.

The theory emphasizes the need for nurses to understand the cultural context of their patients' experiences and to tailor their care accordingly. This understanding includes the patient's beliefs, values, and practices, as well as their family and community.

Three interrelated dimensions of consciousness - movement, space, and time. They are interconnected and form a complex whole.

Newman's theory suggests that the human is unitary, meaning indivisible, and cannot be separated into parts. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of the person with the larger universe of consciousness.

A concept that emphasizes how individuals and human beings are defined by their patterns of consciousness. It suggests that consciousness is not a possession, but rather the very essence of being.

Newman views health as a holistic concept, compassing all aspects of a person's being. This perspective includes conditions previously labeled as illness or pathology.

Pathological conditions are seen as expressions of the individual's overall pattern of consciousness, not just isolated issues. The emphasis shifts to the underlying pattern, not just the symptoms.

A complex system of interconnected systems that includes the consciousness of the individual. It represents a larger whole within which individuals exist and interact.

The inverse relationship between space and time, meaning that when a person's life and space are restricted, their perceived time can feel longer.

Movement is essential for individuals to experience and engage with space and time. It allows them to connect with the world around them and realize their potential.

This theory emphasizes understanding and respecting cultural differences in patient care.

The core belief that nursing should focus on providing comfort to patients.

The physical sensations, such as pain or discomfort, that a patient experiences.

A patient's inner awareness, such as their emotions and thoughts.

The surrounding environment that impacts a patient's comfort, such as noise or lighting.

The social relationships that influence a patient's comfort, such as family support or cultural beliefs.

A theory developed by Katharine Kolcaba that explores the concept of patient comfort.

These six basic concepts are integrated into the Theory of Comfort.